Reformation Within The Nation: Adapting The Nordic Rehabilitation And Reintegration Model To Positively Recondition The United States Criminal Justice System,
2022
Liberty University
Reformation Within The Nation: Adapting The Nordic Rehabilitation And Reintegration Model To Positively Recondition The United States Criminal Justice System, Jessica Cornell
Helm's School of Government Conference
An analytical and statistical based comparison of criminal sentencing, incarceration, rehabilitation and reintegration in the United States of America to those of the five countries which follows those of the Nordic Criminal Justice System.
Manipulating Image Luminance To Improve Eye Gaze And Verbal Behavior In Autistic Children,
2022
Chapman University
Manipulating Image Luminance To Improve Eye Gaze And Verbal Behavior In Autistic Children, Louanne Boyd, Vincent Berardi, Deanna Hughes, Franceli L. Cibrian, Jazette Johnson, Viseth Sean, Eliza Delpizzo-Cheng, Brandon Mackin, Ayra Tusneem, Riya Mody, Sara Jones, Karen Lotich
Engineering Faculty Articles and Research
Autism has been characterized by a tendency to attend to the local visual details over surveying an image to understand the gist–a phenomenon called local interference. This sensory processing trait has been found to negatively impact social communication. Although much work has been conducted to understand these traits, little to no work has been conducted to intervene to provide support for local interference. Additionally, recent understanding of autism now introduces the core role of sensory processing and its impact on social communication. However, no interventions to the end of our knowledge have been explored to leverage this relationship. This work …
Feeling Socially Anxious At University: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis,
2022
Coventry University
Feeling Socially Anxious At University: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Jennifer Lee, Daniel Waldeck, Andrew Holliman, Moitree Banerjee, Ian Tyndall
The Qualitative Report
For those with feelings of social anxiety, university can present unique challenges. Socially anxious students can face functional impairments such as interpersonal and academic deficits, as well as social maladjustment due to a shift in their social networks. Despite this, there is surprisingly little research exploring their experiences at university using qualitative designs. The present study set out to explore how a small sample of undergraduate students experienced feeling socially anxious at university. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight psychology undergraduates and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to explore their experiences and interpret deeper meaning. Five main themes emerged, …
The Relationship Between Moral Foundations And Substance Abuse Attitudes,
2022
Belmont University
The Relationship Between Moral Foundations And Substance Abuse Attitudes, Olivia Haffey, Christina Duncan, Samantha Driggers
Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)
Individuals who abuse substances are often morally judged and disregarded in society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between moral values and attitudes towards substance abuse. Participants were recruited from introductory to psychology courses at Belmont University and given a modified version of the Perceived Substance Abuse Scale and a scale to measure how they value certain domains of morality (harm, ingroup, purity, authority, reciprocity) using the Moral Foundations Questionnaire. We expect to find positive correlations between the harm, purity, ingroup, and authority domains of morality with negative attitudes towards substance abuse. We also expect there …
The Effects Of Analog And Digital Cognitive Offloading On Memory,
2022
Mississippi University for Women
The Effects Of Analog And Digital Cognitive Offloading On Memory, Olivia Sagely
Digital Studies
This study uses responses from a focus group to examine how college students participate in cognitive offloading, and looks at whether doing so with analog or digital methods effects their memory differently. The results from these focus groups are used to conduct an n-gram analysis.
The Aftereffects Of Corporal Punishment On Adults: Association Of Childhood Spanking With Adult Stress Levels,
2022
University of South Carolina - Columbia
The Aftereffects Of Corporal Punishment On Adults: Association Of Childhood Spanking With Adult Stress Levels, Marie Sanyang
Senior Theses
Spanking has been an acceptable form of punishment for centuries. Previously thought as effective, studies have now shown the detriments of spanking, including increased aggression, drug abuse, and stress levels. This exploratory study sought to observe the stress levels of adults who experienced childhood spankings. It was hypothesized that those who experienced frequent spankings would report increased anxiety, reduced socialization, and decreased emotional regulation in times of stress. It was also hypothesized that those who reported being spanked would report lower emotional and physical health regulation and higher mental health diagnosis. Fifty-four participants were composed of undergraduate and graduate students …
The Problem With Dissociative Identity Disorder In The Media: Misrepresentation, Or Inadequate Diagnostic Criteria?,
2022
University of South Carolina - Columbia
The Problem With Dissociative Identity Disorder In The Media: Misrepresentation, Or Inadequate Diagnostic Criteria?, Rebecca Cortez
Senior Theses
The highly popularized portrayal of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) in mainstream media has often been dubbed inaccurate; blamed on misrepresentations, bad applications of the diagnostic criteria, and the tendency to sensationalize mental illness. Through the analysis of five different depictions of DID in film, I find that all five characters met the minimum criteria for diagnosis according to the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (2013). Some depictions of DID predate the publication date of the current diagnostic manual by over 50 years, portraying symptoms that are widely recognized today but were neither accepted nor identified back …
Evaluating Validity And Deviant Personality: What The Myers Briggs Type Indicator Overlooks,
2022
Liberty University
Evaluating Validity And Deviant Personality: What The Myers Briggs Type Indicator Overlooks, Mikayla Burton
Senior Honors Theses
Perhaps the most widely recognized personality assessment in the world, the MBTI has been implemented as a valuable predictive and diagnostic tool by innumerable businesses, coaches, psychologists, and interested individuals. However, recent research has shown that the MBTI is host to a variety of significant validity issues, and the test altogether fails to address any aspects of deviant personality. A review will draw attention to the consequential validity issues of the MBTI, its overlooking of deviant personality characteristics, and the repercussions of using such an unsound and exclusive personality test. The suitability of HEXACO as a viable alternative for the …
An Analysis Of Simon Legree’S Dreams In Uncle Tom’S Cabin,
2022
Pepperdine University
An Analysis Of Simon Legree’S Dreams In Uncle Tom’S Cabin, Ellie Windfeld-Hansen
Global Tides
This paper discusses Simon Legree's moral degradation in Uncle Tom's Cabin, primarily through his two most prominent dreams in the novel. Freudian analysis of Legree's dreams explains that Legree's past mistreatment of others haunts him to the point where he is driven to the brink of insanity. Legree's suppression of his guilt showcases his inner struggle, as he values his slaveowner reputation to such a degree that he must abandon any shred of humanity.
Comparing Empirically Keyed And Random Forest Scoring Models In Biodata Assessments,
2022
SHL
Comparing Empirically Keyed And Random Forest Scoring Models In Biodata Assessments, Mathijs Affourtit, Kristin S. Allen, Craig M. Reddock, Paul M. Fursman
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Effective pre-hire assessments impact organizational outcomes. Recent developments in machine learning provide an opportunity for practitioners to improve upon existing scoring methods. This study compares the effectiveness of an empirically keyed scoring model with a machine learning, random forest model approach in a biodata assessment. Data was collected across two organizations. The data from the first sample (N=1,410), was used to train the model using sample sizes of 100, 300, 500, and 1,000 cases, whereas data from the second organization (N=524) was used as an external benchmark only. When using a random forest model, predictive validity …
Faking Is As Faking Does: A Rejoinder To Marcus (2021),
2022
University of Tulsa
Faking Is As Faking Does: A Rejoinder To Marcus (2021), Robert P. Tett, Daniel Simonet, Neil D. Christiansen
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Applicant faking poses serious threats to achieving personality-based fit, negatively affecting both the worker and the organization. In articulating this “faking-is-bad” (FIB) position, Tett and Simonet (2021) identify Marcus’ (2009) self-presentation theory (SPT) as representative of the contrarian “faking-is-good” camp by its advancement of self-presentation as beneficial in hiring contexts. In this rejoinder, we address 20 of Marcus’ (2021) claims in highlighting his reliance on an outdated empiricist rendering of validity, loosely justified rejection of the negative and moralistic “faking” label, disregard for the many challenges posed by blatant forms of faking, inattention to faking research supporting the FIB position, …
“Faking” Is Neither Good Nor Bad, It Is A Misleading Concept: A Reply To Tett And Simonet (2021),
2022
University of Rostock
“Faking” Is Neither Good Nor Bad, It Is A Misleading Concept: A Reply To Tett And Simonet (2021), Bernd Marcus
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
This paper comments on Tett and Simonet’s (2021) outline of two contradictory positions on job applicants’ self-presentation on personality tests labelled “faking is bad” (FIB) versus “faking is good” (FIG). Based on self-presentation theory (Marcus, 2009) Tett and Simonet assigned to their FIG camp, I develop the ideas of (a) understanding self-presentation from the applicant’s rather than the employer’s perspective, (b) avoiding premature moral judgment on this behavior, and (c) examining consequences for the validity of applicant responses with a focus on the intended use for, and the competitive context of, selection. Conclusions include (a) that self-presentation is motivationally and …
The Effect Of English Language Proficiency And Glossary Provision On Personality Measurement,
2022
Saint Mary's University - Canada
The Effect Of English Language Proficiency And Glossary Provision On Personality Measurement, Damian Canagasuriam, Sharmili Jong, Wendy Darr
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Research on English language learners suggests that language proficiency can affect the validity of standardized test scores. This study examined whether the provision of a glossary as a test accommodation during personality test completion influences the measurement of personality. Using an experimental research design, participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk and Prime Panels (n = 206) were first categorized as having limited or high English language proficiency and then randomly assigned to a glossary condition. The results indicate that providing a within-text glossary does not impact the construct validity and reliability of personality measures. The results also suggest that …
Interviews From Scratch: Individual Differences In Writing Interview Questions,
2022
Wayne State University
Interviews From Scratch: Individual Differences In Writing Interview Questions, Lauren J. Wegmeyer, Andrew P. Tenbrink, Angie Y. Delacruz, Rouan Salim, Andrew B. Speer
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Against best practice recommendations, interviewers prefer unstructured interviews where they are not beholden to regimentation. In cases where interviews are less structured, the interviewer typically generates his or her own set of interview questions. Even in structured interviews though, the initial interview content must be generated by someone. Thus, it is important to understand the different factors that influence what types of questions individuals generate in interview contexts. The current research aims to understand the types of interview questions individuals generate, factors that affect the quality of those questions, how skill in generating interview questions relates to skill in evaluating …
On The Continued Misinterpretation Of Stereotype Threat As Accounting For Black-White Differences On Cognitive Tests,
2022
University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
On The Continued Misinterpretation Of Stereotype Threat As Accounting For Black-White Differences On Cognitive Tests, Dana H. Tomeh, Paul R. Sackett
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Steele and Aronson (1995) showed that stereotype threat affects the test performance of stereotyped groups. A careful reading shows that threat affects test performance but does not eliminate Black–White mean score gaps. Sackett et al. (2004) reviewed characterization of this research in scholarly articles, textbooks, and popular press, and found that many mistakenly inferred that removing stereotype threats eliminated the Black– White performance gap. We examined whether the rate of mischaracterization of Steele and Aronson had decreased in the 15 years since Sackett et al. highlighted the common misinterpretation. We found that the misinterpretation rate dropped from 90.9% to 62.8% …
Breast Health Esteem To Motivate Breast Health Behavioral Intentions: An Application Of The Terror Management Health Model,
2022
University of South Florida
Breast Health Esteem To Motivate Breast Health Behavioral Intentions: An Application Of The Terror Management Health Model, Emily P. Courtney
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer is a pervasive disease affecting millions of people, and a family history of the disease can put individuals at a significantly higher risk of developing breast cancer over the course of one’s lifetime. In turn, women with a family history often perceive themselves as more susceptible to breast cancer. Further, women who have lost family members to breast cancer likely associate the disease itself with death to a greater extent. In addition to this increased risk perception, women with a family history might intertwine breast health with feelings of esteem. It follows that those feelings of esteem should …
The Effect Of Viewing Appearance-Based And Self-Compassion Social Media Content On Body Image,
2022
Pepperdine University
The Effect Of Viewing Appearance-Based And Self-Compassion Social Media Content On Body Image, Emma J. Sullivan, Jennifer A. Harriger Phd, Janet P. Trammell Phd
Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium
The present study investigated the impact of viewing appearance-focused body-positive content versus non-appearance focused self-compassion content on a person’s self-image. Previous studies have demonstrated that viewing body-positive content improves body self-esteem. Additionally, self-compassion content may be a protective factor against body dissatisfaction. Although body-positive content is associated with increased body self-esteem, some question remains whether the continued focus on appearance is an effective strategy. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to examine whether non-appearance based content provides benefits above and beyond those provided by body positivity. It was hypothesized that those who viewed non-appearance based content would report …
The Development Of The Police Department Wellness Survey (Pdws),
2022
Kutztown University of Pennsylvania
The Development Of The Police Department Wellness Survey (Pdws), Tia White
Social Work Doctoral Dissertations
Police officers dedicate their careers to serving and protecting the communities they work in. Research is finding that the intensity of demands put on their mental health has turned suicide rates amongst police officers is at critical levels and has been declared by experts to be a ‘pandemic’ in the population (Wylie, 2020). There are very few researchers who broach police officers’ mental health. Social workers’ education and values make them uniquely qualified to engage in this study. The literature in policing supports that there are no assessments designed specifically for police and there are no known measures that provide …
Photovoice In An Online Psychology Of Gender Course: Facilitating Difficult Discussions And Increasing Student Engagement,
2022
University of Cincinnati
Photovoice In An Online Psychology Of Gender Course: Facilitating Difficult Discussions And Increasing Student Engagement, Batsheva R. Guy, Nancy Rogers
Feminist Pedagogy
No abstract provided.
Intergenerational Risk And Resilience Pathways From Discrimination And Acculturative Stress To Infant Mental Health,
2022
Chapman University
Intergenerational Risk And Resilience Pathways From Discrimination And Acculturative Stress To Infant Mental Health, Sabrina R. Liu, Curt A. Sandman, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Laura M. Glynn
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
Preconception and prenatal stress impact fetal and infant development, and women of color are disproportionately exposed to sociocultural stressors like discrimination and acculturative stress. However, few studies examine links between mothers’ exposure to these stressors and offspring mental health, or possible mitigating factors. Using linear regression, we tested associations between prenatally assessed maternal acculturative stress and discrimination on infant negative emotionality among 113 Latinx/Hispanic, Asian American, Black, and Multiethnic mothers and their children. Additionally, we tested interactions between stressors and potential pre- and postnatal resilience-promoting factors: community cohesion, social support, communalism, and parenting self-efficacy. Discrimination and acculturative stress were related …
