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4,153 full-text articles. Page 162 of 169.

Inter-Regional Brain Communication And Its Disturbance In Autism, Sarah E. Schipul, Timothy A. Keller, Marcel Adam Just 2010 Carnegie Mellon University

Inter-Regional Brain Communication And Its Disturbance In Autism, Sarah E. Schipul, Timothy A. Keller, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


Quantitative Modeling Of The Neural Representation Of Objects: How Semantic Feature Norms Can Account For Fmri Activation, Kai-min Kevin Chang, Tom Mitchell, Marcel Adam Just 2010 Carnegie Mellon University

Quantitative Modeling Of The Neural Representation Of Objects: How Semantic Feature Norms Can Account For Fmri Activation, Kai-Min Kevin Chang, Tom Mitchell, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


Individual Differences In The Neural Basis Of Causal Inferencing, Chantel S. Prat, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just 2010 Carnegie Mellon University

Individual Differences In The Neural Basis Of Causal Inferencing, Chantel S. Prat, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


Commonality Of Neural Representations Of Words And Pictures, Svetlana V. Shinkareva, Vincente L. Malave, Robert A. Mason, Tom M. Mitchell, Marcel Adam Just 2010 University of South Carolina - Columbia

Commonality Of Neural Representations Of Words And Pictures, Svetlana V. Shinkareva, Vincente L. Malave, Robert A. Mason, Tom M. Mitchell, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


The Neural Basis Of Deictic Shifting In Linguistic Perspective-Taking In High-Functioning Autism, Akiko Mizuno, Yanni Liu, Diane L. Williams, Timothy A. Keller, Nancy J. Minshew, Marcel Adam Just 2010 Carnegie Mellon University

The Neural Basis Of Deictic Shifting In Linguistic Perspective-Taking In High-Functioning Autism, Akiko Mizuno, Yanni Liu, Diane L. Williams, Timothy A. Keller, Nancy J. Minshew, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


Exploring The Neural Dynamics Underpinning Individual Differences In Sentence Comprehension, Chantel S. Prat, Marcel Adam Just 2010 University of Washington

Exploring The Neural Dynamics Underpinning Individual Differences In Sentence Comprehension, Chantel S. Prat, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


Introduction, Mika Ishino, Gale Stam 2010 National-Louis University

Introduction, Mika Ishino, Gale Stam

Gale Stam, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Beyond Tolerance: Consciously Using Universal Energy Laws, Discernment, And Harmonious Relationship Principles, carroy u. ferguson 2010 UMASS Boston

Beyond Tolerance: Consciously Using Universal Energy Laws, Discernment, And Harmonious Relationship Principles, Carroy U. Ferguson

Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.

Every day we, as human beings, maneuver through a myriad of circumstances in our individual and collective life spaces. Central to our experiences is the nature, kind, and quality of our relationships. When we encounter differences (racial, ethnic, cultural, religious, economic, sexual orientation, the mentally and physically challenged), a common issue that often emerges in our experiences is the extent to which we use tolerance in relating to other people and circumstances. For this reason, I want to discuss the nature of tolerance and its limitations, and how to move beyond tolerance by consciously using Universal Energy Laws, discernment, and …


Measuring Performance In A Complex Problem Solving Task: Reliability And Validity Of The Tailorshop Simulation, Daniel Danner, Dirk Hagemann, Daniel V. Holt, Marieke Hager, Andrea Schankin, Sascha Wüstenberg, Joachim Funke 2010 University of Heidelberg, Germany

Measuring Performance In A Complex Problem Solving Task: Reliability And Validity Of The Tailorshop Simulation, Daniel Danner, Dirk Hagemann, Daniel V. Holt, Marieke Hager, Andrea Schankin, Sascha Wüstenberg, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

The Tailorshop simulation is a computer based complex problem solving task in which participants have to lead a fictional company for twelve months. The present study investigated if the performance in the Tailorshop simulation can be measured reliably and validly. The participants were 156 employees from different companies. Structural equation models were used to test tau-congeneric and tau-equivalent measurement models. The results indicate that the trends of the total capital between the second and the twelfth month are reliable measurements. Furthermore, this measure can predict real-life job performance ratings by superiors and is associated with the performance in another complex …


Beyond Iq. A Latent State-Trait Analysis Of General Intelligence, Dynamic Decision Making, And Implicit Learning, Daniel Danner, Dirk Hagemann, Andrea Schankin, Marieke Hager, Joachim Funke 2010 University of Heidelberg, Germany

Beyond Iq. A Latent State-Trait Analysis Of General Intelligence, Dynamic Decision Making, And Implicit Learning, Daniel Danner, Dirk Hagemann, Andrea Schankin, Marieke Hager, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

The present study investigated cognitive performance measures beyond IQ. In particular, we investigated the psychometric properties of dynamic decision making variables and implicit learning variables and their relation with general intelligence and professional success. N=173 employees from different companies and occupational groups completed two standard intelligence tests, two dynamic decision making tasks, and two implicit learning tasks at two measurement occasions. We used structural equation models to test latent-state-trait measurement models and the relation between constructs. The results suggest that dynamic decision making and implicit learning are substantially related with general intelligence. Furthermore, general intelligence is the best predictor for …


The Challenge Of Complexity For Cognitive Systems, Ute Schmid, Marco Ragni, Cleotilde Gonzalez, Joachim Funke 2010 University of Heidelberg, Germany

The Challenge Of Complexity For Cognitive Systems, Ute Schmid, Marco Ragni, Cleotilde Gonzalez, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

Complex cognition adresses research on (a) high-level cognitive processes – mainly problem solving, reasoning, and decision making – and their interaction with more basic processes such as perception, learning, motivation and emotion and (b) cognitive processes which take place in a complex, typically dynamic, environment. Our focus is on AI systems and cognitive models dealing with complexity and on psychological findings which can inspire or challenge cognitive systems research. In this overview we first motivate why we have to go beyond models for rather simple cognitive processes and reductionist experiments. Afterwards, we give a characterization of complexity from our perspective. …


Optimization As An Analysis Tool For Human Complex Decision Making, Sebastian Sager, Carola M. Barth, Holger Diedam, Michael Engelhart, Joachim Funke 2010 University of Heidelberg, Germany

Optimization As An Analysis Tool For Human Complex Decision Making, Sebastian Sager, Carola M. Barth, Holger Diedam, Michael Engelhart, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

We present a problem class of mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLPs) with nonconvex continuous relaxations which stem from economic test scenarios that are used in the analysis of human complex problem solving. In a round-based scenario participants hold an executive function. A posteriori a performance indicator is calculated and correlated to personal measures such as intelligence, working memory, or emotion regulation. Altogether, we investigate 2088 optimization problems that differ in size and initial conditions, based on real-world experimental data from 12 rounds of 174 participants. The goals are twofold. First, from the optimal solutions we gain additional insight into a complex …


The Plan-A-Day Approach To Measuring Planning Ability In Patients With Schizophrenia, Daniel V. Holt, Katlehn Rodewald, Mirjam Rentrop, Joachim Funke, Matthias Weisbrod, Stefan Kaiser 2010 University of Heidelberg, Germany

The Plan-A-Day Approach To Measuring Planning Ability In Patients With Schizophrenia, Daniel V. Holt, Katlehn Rodewald, Mirjam Rentrop, Joachim Funke, Matthias Weisbrod, Stefan Kaiser

Joachim Funke

Deficits in executive functioning are closely related to the level of everyday functioning in patients with schizophrenia. However, many existing neuropsychological measures are limited in their ability to predict functional outcome. To contribute to closing this gap, we developed a computer-based test of planning ability (“Plan-a-Day”), that requires participants to create daily activity schedules in a simulated work setting. Eighty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were tested with Plan-a-Day and a battery of cognitive ability tests. Plan-a-Day showed satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of consistency, reliability and construct validity. Compared to other neuropsychological tests used in this study, it also demonstrated …


The Surprise Exam Paradox: Disentangling Two Reductios, John N. WILLIAMS 2010 Singapore Management University

The Surprise Exam Paradox: Disentangling Two Reductios, John N. Williams

John N. WILLIAMS

One tradition of solving the surprise exam paradox, started by Robert Binkley and continued by Doris Olin, Roy Sorensen and Jelle Gerbrandy, construes surprise epistemically and relies upon the oddity of propositions akin to G. E. Moore's paradoxical 'p and I don't believe that p.' Here I argue for an analysis that evolves from Olin's. My analysis is different from hers or indeed any of those in the tradition because it explicitly recognizes that there are two distinct reductios at work in the student's paradoxical argument against the teacher. The weak reductio is easy to fault. Its invalidity determines the …


Justifying Circumstances And Moore-Paradoxical Beliefs: A Response To Brueckner, John N. WILLIAMS 2010 Singapore Management University

Justifying Circumstances And Moore-Paradoxical Beliefs: A Response To Brueckner, John N. Williams

John N. WILLIAMS

In 2004, I explained the absurdity of Moore-paradoxical belief via the syllogism (Williams 2004): (1) All circumstances that justify me in believing that p are circumstances that tend to make me believe that p. (2) All circumstances that tend to make me believe that p are circumstances that justify me in believing that I believe that p. (3) All circumstances that justify me in believing that p are circumstances that justify me in believing that I believe that p.


Moorean Absurdity And Conscious Belief, John N. WILLIAMS 2010 Singapore Management University

Moorean Absurdity And Conscious Belief, John N. Williams

John N. WILLIAMS

No abstract provided.


Moorean Absurdities And Higher Order Beliefs, John N. WILLIAMS 2010 Singapore Management University

Moorean Absurdities And Higher Order Beliefs, John N. Williams

John N. WILLIAMS

No abstract provided.


Externalism And Knowledge Of Comparative Content, Yoo Guan TAN 2010 Singapore Management University

Externalism And Knowledge Of Comparative Content, Yoo Guan Tan

John N. WILLIAMS

Concepts are the constituents of thoughts, which in turn, are the contents of propositional attitudes. They are also what the predicates of our language express. According to a tradition going back to Plato, questions about comparative content – questions of the form Is concept F the same as concept G? – are purely about relations of ideas, and so are answerable a priori. This does not mean that no experience at all is necessary to answer such questions, for experience may be needed to grasp their content. Call a piece of information about Fs extraneous if it is not required …


Moore's Paradoxes And Iterated Belief, John N. WILLIAMS 2010 Singapore Management University

Moore's Paradoxes And Iterated Belief, John N. Williams

John N. WILLIAMS

I give an account of the absurdity of Moorean beliefs of the omissive form (om) p and I don’t believe that p, and the commissive form (com) p and I believe that not-p, from which I extract a definition of Moorean absurdity. I then argue for an account of the absurdity of Moorean assertion. After neutralizing two objections to my whole account, I show that Roy Sorensen’s own account of the absurdity of his ‘iterated cases’ (om1) p and I don’t believe that I believe that p, and (com1) p and I believe that I believe that not-p, is unsatisfactory. …


Wittgenstein, Moorean Absurdity And Its Disappearance From Speech, John N. WILLIAMS 2010 Singapore Management University

Wittgenstein, Moorean Absurdity And Its Disappearance From Speech, John N. Williams

John N. WILLIAMS

G. E. Moore famously observed that to say, "I went to the pictures last Tuesday but I don't believe that I did" would be "absurd." Why should it be absurd of me to say something about myself that might be true of me? Moore suggested an answer to this, but as I will show, one that fails. Wittgenstein was greatly impressed by Moore's discovery of a class of absurd but possibly true assertions because he saw that it illuminates "the logic of assertion". Wittgenstein suggests a promising relation of assertion to belief in terms of the idea that one "expresses …


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