What Drives Academic Bioscientists: Money Or Values?,
2010
Portland State University
What Drives Academic Bioscientists: Money Or Values?, David E. Ervin, Sharmistha Nag, Hui Yang, Steven T. Buccola
Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations
The article determines the factors that drive academic bioscience to better understand the role of genetically engineered (GE) crops in the sustainability of U.S. agriculture. Some challenges brought about by GE crops in the U.S. farm sustainability include tracking and controlling water pollution, protecting against herbicide resistance and nitrogen fixation. Professional norms are also considered as a great factor driving the academic bioscience.
Genetically Engineering Crops For A Sustainable Agriculture,
2010
Portland State University
Genetically Engineering Crops For A Sustainable Agriculture, David E. Ervin, Rick Welsh
Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations
The article examines the role of genetically engineered (GE) crops in fostering a more sustainable agriculture. An overview of the National Academy of Sciences metal study of the impacts of GE crops on farm sustainability in the U.S. is given. The two types of GE crops are discussed, one which produces its own insecticide called insect resistant (IR) crops and the other is engineered to resist particular herbicides. An explanation for sustainable agriculture is also presented.
Economies Of Scope For Microfinance: Differences Across Output Measures,
2009
Auburn University Main Campus
Economies Of Scope For Microfinance: Differences Across Output Measures, Valentina Hartarska, Christopher Parmeter, Denis Nadolynak, Beibei Zhu
Christopher F. Parmeter
In banking, scope economies of mobilizing deposits and lending are often estimated, while consideration of the same measures for microfinance institutions (MFI) is still in its infancy. An open issue remains regarding what characterizes an output of an MFI. Moreover, depending on the output used, do estimated scope economies differ? We use a novel data set for over 800 MFI across more than 70 countries to estimate economies of scope. Our findings suggest that statistical differences arise between estimates of scope economies. However, our qualitative findings indicate that both of these measures provide similar overviews of the landscape of scope …
Market Power, Eu Integration And Privatization: The Case Of Romania,
2009
University of Miami
Market Power, Eu Integration And Privatization: The Case Of Romania, Gabriel Asaftei, Christopher Parmeter
Christopher F. Parmeter
This paper investigates the effects on pricing behavior of firms in a transition economy resulting from integration into the European Union’s Common Market and changes in ownership. We use a semiparametric model with a rich panel of manufacturing firms in Romania from 1995 to 2003 to estimate firm-level markups. We find that markups are higher in more concentrated industries and less exposed to foreign competition. Trade integration appears to generally increase competitive pressure on markups. Industries exposed to more international competition experience a larger change in markups following integration into the European Union’s Common Market. However, as the initial impact …
A Distributional Analysis Of Public Private Wage Differential In India,
2009
World Bank
A Distributional Analysis Of Public Private Wage Differential In India, Mehtabul Azam, Nishith Prakash
Nishith Prakash
We investigate the public-private wage differential in India using nationally representative micro data. While the existing literature focuses on average wage differential, we study the differences in the wage distributions. The raw wage differential between public and private sector is positive across the entire distribution for both genders irrespective of area of residence. A quantile regression based decomposition analysis reveals that the differences in observed characteristics (covariate effect) account for only a small part of the wage differential at lower quantiles, but a larger part at higher quantiles. At the very top of the distribution, covariate effects account for a …
Which Hedonic Models Can We Trust To Recover The Marginal Willingness To Pay For Environmental Amenities?,
2009
Arizona State University
Which Hedonic Models Can We Trust To Recover The Marginal Willingness To Pay For Environmental Amenities?, Nicolai Kuminoff, Christopher Parmeter, Jaren Pope
Christopher F. Parmeter
The hedonic property value model is among our foremost tools for evaluating the economic consequences of policies that target the supply of local public goods, environmental services, and urban amenities. We design a theoretically consistent and empirically realistic Monte Carlo study of whether omitted variables seriously undermine the method’s ability to accurately identify economic values. Our results suggest that large gains in accuracy can be realized by moving from the standard linear specifications for the price function to a more flexible framework that uses a combination of spatial fixed effects, quasi-experimental identification, and temporal controls for housing market adjustment
The Returns To English-Language Skills In India,
2009
World Bank
The Returns To English-Language Skills In India, Mehtabul Azam, Aimee Chin, Nishith Prakash
Nishith Prakash
No abstract provided.
The Benefit Transfer Challenges,
2009
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
The Benefit Transfer Challenges, Kevin Boyle, Nicolai Kuminoff, Christopher Parmeter, Jaren Pope
Christopher F. Parmeter
Presidential Executive Order 12,866 requires federal agencies to design “cost-effective” regulations and to assess “costs and benefits” of these regulations on the basis of “the best reasonably obtainable scientific, technical, economic, and other information.” Benefit transfers are one economic approach used to estimate these benefits and costs, and the use of existing economic information to predict the effects of new policies is well established. However, advancing the practice of benefit transfers is crucial if economists are to play a role in developing federal policies. We review contributions to the benefit-transfer literature and present a unified conceptual framework to guide the …
Estimation Of Hedonic Price Functions With Incomplete Information,
2009
University of Miami
Estimation Of Hedonic Price Functions With Incomplete Information, Subal Kumbhakar, Christopher Parmeter
Christopher F. Parmeter
Existence of persistent price dispersion suggests that some buyers find lower prices through search and information acquisition, while some sellers charge higher prices by gathering information on potential buyers. If buyers are not fully informed of the lowest price available in the market they end up paying a price higher than if they had full information. Similarly, if sellers are not fully informed about the highest price they could charge, they too suffer by receiving a price lower than had they had full information. This paper develops a hedonic price model that incorporates the effects of incomplete information on both …
Quantifying The Economic Effects Of Hypoxia On A Fishery For Brown Shrimp Farfantepenaeus Aztecus,
2009
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Quantifying The Economic Effects Of Hypoxia On A Fishery For Brown Shrimp Farfantepenaeus Aztecus, Ling Huang, Martin Smith
Ling Huang
No abstract provided.
Trade Bans, Imperfect Competition, And Welfare: Bse And The U.S. Beef Industry,
2009
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Trade Bans, Imperfect Competition, And Welfare: Bse And The U.S. Beef Industry, Dimitrios Pangiotou, Azzeddine Azzam
Azzeddine Azzam
Between May 2003 and July 2005, the U.S. beef industry faced a total ban on Canadian cattle imports following the discovery of BSE in Canada in May 2003 and restrictions on U.S. beef exports following the discovery of BSE in the United States in December 2003. When the United States reopened its border to Canadian cattle in July 2005, shipments were restricted to cattle less than 30 months of age. The total ban on Canadian cattle imports and restrictions on U.S. beef exports overlapped between January 2004 and July 2005. The restrictions on Canadian cattle imports and U.S. beef exports …
Has The World Trade Organization Promoted Successful Regional Trade Agreements?,
2009
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Has The World Trade Organization Promoted Successful Regional Trade Agreements?, Jason Grant, Christopher Parmeter
Christopher F. Parmeter
The WTO’s Committee on Regional Trade Agreements (CRTA) is charged with monitoring, examining, and ensuring the compliance of RTAs. In this paper we ask whether oversight and examination has fostered successful RTAs using bilateral trade flows as our metric. We develop a comprehensive dataset covering 290 regional economic integration agreements that have entered into force since 1960. Remarkably, the data reveal that almost half (43%) of all agreements in existence (up to 2005) are neither notified nor accounted for in the RTA database published by the WTO. We then exploit variation in the notification status of an RTA to determine …
Pricing Residential Water To Account For Scarcity In Cyprus,
2009
Cyprus University of Technology
Pricing Residential Water To Account For Scarcity In Cyprus, Theodoros Zachariadis
Theodoros Zachariadis
No abstract provided.
The General Equilibrium Incidence Of Environmental Mandates,
2009
University of Texas at Austin
The General Equilibrium Incidence Of Environmental Mandates, Don Fullerton, Garth Heutel
Don Fullerton
Pollution regulations affect factor demands, relative returns, production, and output prices. In our model, one sector includes pollution as an input that can be a complement or substitute for labor or capital. For each type of mandate, we find conditions where more burden is on labor or on capital. Stricter regulation does not always place less burden on the better substitute for pollution. Also, restrictions on pollution per unit output create an “output-subsidy effect” on factor prices that can reverse the usual output and substitution effects. We find analogous effects for a restriction on pollution per unit capital.
Wind Energy Deployment: Global Lessons For West Michigan,
2009
Grand Valley State University
Wind Energy Deployment: Global Lessons For West Michigan, Erik Edward Nordman
Erik Edward Nordman
West Michigan Wind Assessment Issue Brief #1 This first of series of issue briefs summarizes the factors that have influenced wind energy deployment across the country and around the world. It also brings the lessons home to West Michigan's coastal zone.
Wind Power And Human Health: Flicker, Noise And Air Quality,
2009
Grand Valley State University
Wind Power And Human Health: Flicker, Noise And Air Quality, Erik Edward Nordman
Erik Edward Nordman
West Michigan Wind Assessment Issue Brief #2 The second of a series of wind energy issue briefs synthesizes the state of the science around wind energy siting issues like flicker and noise, and analyzes how West Michigan communities are addressing these challenges. The issue brief also assesses how wind energy could improve air quality and human health outcomes in West Michigan and the region.
Measuring Poverty And Human Capital Development In Sudan,
2009
Department of Economics. Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
Measuring Poverty And Human Capital Development In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Catastrophes in Sudan are of many dimensions. Food security is a chronic and intrinsic problem in Sub Saharan Africa which is a fact recognized by the international society. Political instability, civil wars and finally recent secession of its Southern part is another fact which may be taken as a vivid example for other regions of that previously largest African country to be followed. The present paper introduces an analysis and assessment of measurements for human development indices in Sudan. It is empirically concluded that human welfare is invisible. The parameters are very low. Strategies are needed to provide for basic …
Principal-Agent Problems In Fisheries,
2009
University of Southern Denmark
Principal-Agent Problems In Fisheries, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
No abstract provided.
Viscoelastic Properties And Pasting Characteristics Of Fermented Maize: Influence Of The Addition Of Malted Cereals,
2009
University of Alberta
Viscoelastic Properties And Pasting Characteristics Of Fermented Maize: Influence Of The Addition Of Malted Cereals, Dr. Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa (Phd), Randy Adjonu, Justice Asomaning
Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Investigations were conducted on the viscoelastic properties and pasting characteristics of fermented maize with malted cereals and their suitability for infant feeding. A 3x3x2 factorial experimental design with malting time, cereal malt concentration and cereal type was used. Maize, millet, and sorghum malts were added to fermented maize to reducing its bulk density. Samples were analysed for their viscoelastic properties and pasting characteristics using Brabender Viscoamylograph. Sorghum malt in comparison to millet and maize malts was not effective in terms of lowering the hot and cold paste viscosities of the fermented maize. Maize and millet malts liquefied the dough considerably …
Acidification And Starch Behaviour During Co-Fermentation Of Cassava And Soybean Into Gari.,
2009
University of Ghana
Acidification And Starch Behaviour During Co-Fermentation Of Cassava And Soybean Into Gari., Dr. Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa (Phd), Edem John Kongor, George Annor, Randy Adjonu
Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Changes in acidification and starch behaviour were investigated during co-fermentation of cassava and soybean into gari, an African fermented product. Non-volatile acidity, pH and starch content were evaluated using standard analytical methods. Starch breakdown and pasting characteristics were also analysed using Brabender Viscoamylograph. Fermentation caused significant variations in the pH, non-volatile acidity and starch concentration. The pH decreased with concomitant increases in non-volatile acidity during co-fermentation of the cassava dough. Soy-fortification upto 20% caused only minimal effects on the pH, titratable acidity and starch content during the fermentation period. Starch content decreased from 69.8%-60.4% within the 48 h fermentation time …
