Earth Sciences Commons^™

Medium Characteristics And Hydrodynamic Evolution Law Of High Salinity Mine Water Recharge In Deep Well, Liu Qi, Wang Weijun, Luo Bin, Wang Houzhu, Zhang Zhijun

Coal Geology & Exploration

The treatment and discharge of high salt mine water is one of the important factors affecting efficient coal mining in recent years. It is a worth exploring method to reduce the discharge of mine water by selecting the appropriate aquifer under the floor of the coal seam and transferring the high salt mine water to other places. Taking the X mine in the Ordos Basin as an example, the Baotashan sandstone and the deep Liujiagou Formation sandstone formation below the coal seam have transfer storage space. By mercury intrusion experiment and rock mechanics analysis, the two groups of formations were …

Adsorption Phase Density Characteristics Of Supercritical Methane Of Granular Coal, Zhang Mingjie, Liu Hao, Jia Tianrang, Gong Ze, Yang Mingxin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Finding out the characteristics of supercritical methane adsorption phase density of granular coal is the basis of studying the influence of temperature and pressure on methane adsorption amount of coal sample. Granular coal samples collected from Hebi No.6 Mine and Longshan Mine in Anyang-Hebi Coalfield were used to measure the isothermal adsorption lines at temperatures of 308 K, 313 K and 318 K, and pressures of 1-24 MPa by magnetic suspension balance isotherm adsorption device. The intercept method, Langmuir ternary model fitting method and liquid phase density method were used to calculate the adsorbed phase density at adsorption saturation and …

Performance Deterioration Law Of Retarded Cement Slurry And Its Mixed Slurry In Freezing Borehole Mud Replacement, Li Qiang, Wang Yansen, Wang Chunlin, Xu Shengji, Fan Zhiqiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

The mud replacement of freezing hole has become a necessary part of freezing shaft sinking in rock strata, but in the lowering process, the freezing pipe is prone to excessive slurry viscosity resistance, and even be locked, leading to borehole failure. In order to deeply understand the performance deterioration law of cement slurry and its mixture in deep hole environment, the laboratory tests of retarded cement slurry and mixed slurry are carried out respectively, taking the apparent viscosity as the measurement index and considering the factors such as curing time, temperature, water loss state and volume ratio of mixed slurry. …

Application Of Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology In Detecting Water Abundance In Concealed Burnt Zone, Hou Enke, Fan Jiangwei, Gao Lijun, Wang Jianwen, Chen Dehai, Chi Baosuo, Wang Hongke

Coal Geology & Exploration

The overlying bedrock composite aquifer(including weathered bedrock and burnt rock aquifer) in the concealed burnt zone of coal seams is one of the main threats to coal mining. It is of great significance to clarify the water enrichment of the concealed burnt zone for the prevention and control of coal mine water hazards. Ningtiaota Coal Mine, which has experienced a large water inrush accident, was used as the research object, and the Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(SNMR) was used to detect the water enrichment of the aquifer in the concealed burnt area. The results show that there are two aquifers in …

Research On Three-Component Response Of Ground-Airborne Tem Considering Emission Current Waveform, Hou Yanwei, Guo Jianlei, Si Yinnyu, Jiang Tao

Coal Geology & Exploration

The ground-airborne TEM has received more and more attention in coal goaf exploration and other fields. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the processing and interpretation of ground-airborne transient electromagnetic data, it is necessary to study the influence of the transmitted current waveform parameter on the three-component response characteristics of ground-airborne TEM. Taking trapezoidal waves as an example, this article firstly studies the frequency distribution of different emission current waveform, and then investigates the effects of the rising edge time, pulse width and turn-off time of the transmitted waveform on the three-component magnetic field response of ground-air transient …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Application And Development Of Advanced Drilling Technology For Coal Mine Roadway Heading, Zhang Youzhen, Fan Tao, Kan Zhitao, Wei Hongchao, Chen Hongyan

Coal Geology & Exploration

With the development of intelligent and fast roadway heading in coal mines, the demand for advanced and fine exploration of heading face is becoming increasingly urgent. Considering the technical characteristics of roadway heading and tunnel drilling, this paper firstly analyzes the technical characteristics and technical requirements of roadway heading advanced drilling under the background of intelligent green mining of coal mines and describes the innovative practice of technology and equipment, such as the integration of excavation and exploration, dual-arm advanced drilling and comprehensive exploration based on directional drilling to effectively solve the contradiction of exploration and excavation and improve the …

Tracking Secondary Lahar Flow Paths And Characterizing Pulses And Surges Using Infrasound Array Networks At Volcán De Fuego, Guatemala, Ashley R. Bosa, Jeffrey B. Johnson, Silvio De Angelis, John J. Lyons, Amilcar Roca, Jacob F. Anderson, Amando Pineda

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Lahars are one of the greatest hazards at many volcanoes, including Volcán de Fuego (Guatemala). On 1 December 2018 at 8:00 pm local Guatemala time (~2:06:00 UTC), an hour-long lahar event was detected at Volcán de Fuego by two permanent seismo-acoustic stations along the Las Lajas drainage on the southeast side. To establish the timing, duration, and speed of the lahar, infrasound array records were examined to identify both the source direction(s) and the correlated energy fluctuations at the two stations. Co-located seismic and acoustic signals were also examined, which indicated at least five distinct energy pulses within the lahar …

Engaged Research Can Advance Knowledge And Promote Positive Change Among The Rural Poor, D. L. Coppock

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

There is increasing interest in investigative processes known as “Engaged Research.” Such approaches include aspects of Farming Systems Research & Extension, Participatory Rural Appraisal, Participatory Action Research, and Innovation Systems. Engaged Research—a term recently popular in the USA—is founded on long-term relationships among stakeholders and emphasizes problem-solving based on co-production of knowledge. We are now at a time when science-based knowledge should be implemented to improve the lives of the rural poor under the triple threat of poverty, natural resource degradation, and climate change. Traditional ways of conducting applied, academic study can be reconfigured to this end, improving research effectiveness …

The Impacts Of The Eco-Environmental Policy On Grassland Degradation And Livestock Production: An Empirical Analysis Based On The Simultaneous Equation Model, M. Liu, J. J. Tang, S. Min, J. K. Huang

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Grassland degradation has been deteriorating while the demands for meat products have been surging in China over the past few decades, leading to multiple policy initiatives to balance the grassland ecosystem and livestock production of the pastoral areas. This paper investigates the impacts of a prevailing eco-environmental program, i.e. Subsidy and Incentive System for Grassland Conservation (SISGC), in the pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia, on grassland condition and livestock production. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), measured with remote sensing technology, is used to quantify grassland condition. Our empirical analysis was based on the data of 52 counties across a …

Feed Markets In The Late Dry Season Across Agro-Ecological Zones In Burkina Faso, A. Ayantunde, E. Doamba, M. Hebie, D. Sogoba, R. Same, M. Blummel

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Limited access to adequate quantities of high-quality feed is a major constraint to livestock productivity in smallholder systems in the West African Sahel. As a result of the increase in the livestock population and the associated growth in the demand for feeds, feed markets have sprung up in many cities and towns in the region. However, there is little available information on price variations for different feed types across agro-ecological zones in Burkina Faso. Information on feed price and quality is essential to developing strategies to match feed supply with demand. Surveys on the price and quality of feeds at …

Large Scale Land Investments And Food Security In Agro-Pastoral Areas Of Ethiopia, Adugna Eneyew Bekele, Liesbeth Dries, Wim Heijman, Dusan Drabik

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

There is an ongoing debate about the impact of large scale land investments on the livelihoods of rural households in developing countries. This study investigates the impact of large scale land investments on households' food security in Ethiopia. The findings show proximity to large scale land investments is associated with higher food intake with an average treatment effect of 744.71 kcal per day per adult. This is mainly because of the availability relatively good natural capitals near to large scale land investments. Large scale land investments should make sure that the local community has access to grazing to improve food …

Climate Change Policy Narratives And Pastoralist Predicaments In The Horn Of Africa: Insights From Ethiopia And Kenya, T. Campbell

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Drawing on the findings of a two-country case study, this paper examines the discourses and narratives found in contemporary climate change and national development policy in Ethiopia and Kenya, the actors shaping those policy narratives, and in turn, their consequences for pastoralism. The research reveals that while concerns around climate change and calls for strengthening resilience of dryland communities have given a new impetus to pastoral development, old arguments and assumptions that depict pastoral areas, and pastoralists, as unproductive and in need of modernisation remain deeply embedded in policy making. These open up spaces for the state, investors, and local …

Sustainable Management Of Grassland In A Changing Social-Ecological System: A Case Study In China, Ping Li, Rong Zhi

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Women In Rural Livestock: Which Women? Which Livestock?, Gabriela Litre, Daniela Nogueira, Alessandra Matte, Virginia Courdin

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

We explore the conceptual and empirical limitations of the question about “the role of women in rural livestock production” as well as the widespread assumption that women in livestock are subsistence or smallholder farmers. While this is correct in many situations, “essentialist” development discourses often disregard new demographic trends and the heterogeneity of live-stock production systems. Our research, which focuses on the livelihoods of women involved with livestock production in the Pampas’ grasslands of Brazil, proposes: 1) to critically analyse some of the most widely spread assumptions about women involved in beef livestock production, including the belief that women are …

Shift In Management Strategy Of Yak Herding In The South Of Mustang District, Nepal, Himalaya, H. Anzai, M. K. Shah, Hajime Kumagai

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In the Himalayan regions of Nepal, people herd yaks (Bos grunniens) under transhumant pastoralism, seasonal migrations of herds between summer highlands and winter lowlands. For several decades, the number of yaks has decreased, and the management strategy of yak herding has been altered due to the influence of substantial changes in both the social environment and their livelihoods. We conducted field surveys on yak herding in the south of Mustang District from 2012 to 2016 to examine the recent shift in management strategy and practice. The surveys were focused on fifteen yak owners and their herdsmen who lived …

Valuing The Expertise Of Mobile Herders In Arid South Africa--A Photographic Essay, C. F. Cupido, W. Ellis, M. I. Samuels

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Pastoralism has been practiced for millennia in numerous ecosystems across the world. Throughout history, pastoral systems and in particular herding have been replaced by the commercialization of livestock production, which essentially made herders redundant in many sub-Sahara countries resulting in job losses. Herding is however still practiced in many countries, but the essential role of the herder is in many instances snubbed upon and disregarded as trivial work, hence their low social standing within the community. Literature however indicates that herding does offer many benefits over commercial paddock systems e.g. improving rural livelihoods, reviving customary practice, reducing stock theft, reducing …

Exploring Institutional Complementarity And Social Thresholds Of Mobility In Pastoral Social-Ecological Systems In Mongolia, Ulan Kasymov, Irene Ring

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Biodiversity continues to decline worldwide, affecting dryland ecosystems that are of significant importance for global biodiversity conservation. Accelerated by climate change, undergoing transformations have been pushing the entire social-ecological system across ecological and social thresholds. Particularly, the decline of pastoral mobility in Mongolia is of great concern, as flexible responses to the dynamic environment are crucial for the sustainability of drylands’ ecosystems. Responding to this concern, Mongolian policymakers design new pasture use and conservation policies. However, the policies might be ineffective in preventing systems from crossing the thresholds, unless policy implementation succeeds in systematically shaping the perceptions of a critical …

Transdisciplinary Research In Practice: Lessons From Participatory, Folklore And Community-Supported Approaches In The Greater American West, H. Wilmer, L. Carr Childers, L. M. Porensky

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Rapid social and ecological changes on global rangelands amplify the challenges to achieving biodiversity conservation, rural economic viability and social well-being, and rangeland sustainability. These dynamics create a need for transdisciplinary science that is inclusive of ecological, sociological, and participatory approaches in order to rebuild meaningful working relationships between scientists, ranchers and managers, and other rangeland stakeholders. In real application, however, transdisciplinary science faces numerous social, ethical, and logistical challenges, including the question of how the work might benefit rangeland stakeholders. Our objective is to advance rangeland researchers’ toolbox for meaningful engaged research by describing three lessons from transdisciplinary projects …

Towards A Holistic Understanding Of Pastoralism, M. Cabeza, P. Manzano, D. Burgas, L. Cadahía, J. Eronen, Á. Fernández-Llamazares, S. Bencherif, Ø. Holand, M. Fortelius, O. Seitsonen, María E. Fernández-Giménez, K. A. Galvin, N. Chr. Stenseth

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Pastoralism is a globally-important livelihood, with large social, environmental and economic importance across much of our planet. Yet, it is also a vulnerable practice with widespread crises, urgently calling for better systemic understanding. The current disciplinary compartmentalization of research not only hampers this but allows perpetuation of unfortunate misconceptions. Furthermore, a long-standing marginalization of the livelihood prevails, with pastoralism being largely overlooked in international environmental and economic forums or sustainability agendas.

Here we call for transformative approaches to pastoralism research that can advance an integrated understanding of these social-ecological systems through a comparative lens. We develop a framework that uses: …