Evaluating Recharge And Dynamics Of Flow In The Lower Virgin River Basin, Usa: Interpretation Of Hydrochemical And Stable Isotopic Data, 2012 University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Evaluating Recharge And Dynamics Of Flow In The Lower Virgin River Basin, Usa: Interpretation Of Hydrochemical And Stable Isotopic Data, Joseph Asante
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Because of the complex geologic setting of the Basin and Range province, groundwater flow systems of the Intermountain basins of the southwestern United States are complex and remain poorly understood. Understanding these flow systems is important for water budgeting on a regional and local scale, and development of robust numerical groundwater models for sustainable water use and protection of water-dependent ecosystems. Although for decades hydrochemistry and isotopes have been used to characterize and trace subsurface water and surface water, effectively interpreting these data are still challenging, which can be attributed to existing subjective grouping of these data and the lack …
Bulk Rock Composition And Geochemistry Of Olivine-Hosted Melt Inclusions In The Grey Porri Tuff And Selected Lavas Of The Monte Dei Porri Volcano, Salina, Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy., 2012 Università degli Studi di Messina
Bulk Rock Composition And Geochemistry Of Olivine-Hosted Melt Inclusions In The Grey Porri Tuff And Selected Lavas Of The Monte Dei Porri Volcano, Salina, Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy., Angela L. Doherty, Robert J. Bodnar, Benedetto De Vivo, Wendy A. Bohrson, Harvey E. Belkin, Antonia Messina, Robert J. Tracy
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
The Aeolian Islands are an arcuate chain of submarine seamounts and volcanic islands, lying just north of Sicily in southern Italy. The second largest of the islands, Salina, exhibits a wide range of compositional variation in its erupted products, from basaltic lavas to rhyolitic pumice. The Monte dei Porri eruptions occurred between 60 ka and 30 ka, following a period of approximately 60,000 years of repose. The bulk rock composition of the Monte dei Porri products range from basaltic-andesite scoria to andesitic pumice in the Grey Porri Tuff (GPT), with the Monte dei Porri lavas having basaltic-andesite compositions. The typical …
Late Quaternary Histories Of Lakes Huron And Michigan: A Stable Isotope Investigation Of Sediment Cores And Modern Biogenic Carbonates, 2012 The University of Western Ontario
Late Quaternary Histories Of Lakes Huron And Michigan: A Stable Isotope Investigation Of Sediment Cores And Modern Biogenic Carbonates, Rebecca A. Macdonald
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Late Quaternary histories are investigated here for sediment cores from Lakes Huron and Michigan, using the oxygen- and carbon-isotope compositions of biogenic carbonates and the oxygen- and hydrogen-isotope compositions of porewater. Age models for these cores are based on sedimentological information, and where possible, radiocarbon and pollen dates. The Michigan Basin cores provide a thick record of the late Pleistocene, whereas the Huron Basin cores primarily record Holocene deposition. Taken together, the histories recorded in biogenic carbonates from these sediments provide a clear account of lakewater isotopic changes – and their significance – over much of the history of the …
Reconstructing Fire Severity From The Oxygen-Isotope Compositions Of Plant Char, 2012 The University of Western Ontario
Reconstructing Fire Severity From The Oxygen-Isotope Compositions Of Plant Char, Michael W. Hamilton
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This study assessed whether variations in the oxygen-isotope compositions of char formed from biomass burning could be related to burning severity. Ground samples of oak (Quercus alba), pine (Pinus resinosa), and grass (Andropogon gerardii) were charred for 5 and 30 minutes at constant temperatures between 200 and 900°C under oxygenated versus anaerobic conditions. Char oxygen-isotope values became progressively depleted of 18O by up to 25.8‰ for wood and 16.5‰ for grass as temperature, duration of burning, and amount of oxygen increased. The primary reason for the decrease in oxygen-isotope values is the loss …
Reservoir Potential Of Sands Formed In Glaciomarine Environments: An Analog Study Based On Cenozoic Examples From Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Reservoir Potential Of Sands Formed In Glaciomarine Environments: An Analog Study Based On Cenozoic Examples From Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica, Christopher R. Fielding, Brian A. Blackstone, Tracy D. Frank, Zi Gui
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
This paper provides documentation of unexpectedly high-reservoir-quality glaciomarine sands found in the Cenozoic succession beneath McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, as an analogue study for evaluations of hydrocarbon prospectivity in basins elsewhere. The Oligocene to Lower Miocene succession of the Victoria Land Basin, an extant portion of the West Antarctic Rift System, comprises diamictites, mudrocks, and sandstones with minor conglomerates. These lithologies are arranged in repetitive stacking patterns (cycles), interpreted to record repeated advance and retreat of glaciers into and out of the basin, with attendant eustatic and isostatic effects. Phases of ice retreat within the cycles comprise an array of mudrocks, …
Surficial Redistribution Of Fallout 131iodine In A Small Temperate Catchment, 2012 Dartmouth College
Surficial Redistribution Of Fallout 131iodine In A Small Temperate Catchment, Joshua D. Landis, Nathan T. Hamm, Carl E. Renshaw, W. Brian Dade, Francis J. Magilligan, John D. Gartner
Dartmouth Scholarship
Isotopes of iodine play significant environmental roles, including a limiting micronutrient (127I), an acute radiotoxin (131I), and a geochemical tracer (129I). But the cycling of iodine through terrestrial ecosystems is poorly understood, due to its complex environmental chemistry and low natural abundance. To better understand iodine transport and fate in a terrestrial ecosystem, we traced fallout 131iodine throughout a small temperate catchment following contamination by the 11 March 2011 failure of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power facility. We find that radioiodine fallout is actively and efficiently scavenged by the soil system, where it …
Size And Exhumation Rate Of Ultrahigh-Pressure Terranes Linked To Orogenic Stage, 2012 University of California - Santa Barbara
Size And Exhumation Rate Of Ultrahigh-Pressure Terranes Linked To Orogenic Stage, Andrew R.C. Kylander-Clark, Bradley R. Hacker, Chris G. Mattinson
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
A growing set of data indicates a stark contrast between the evolution of two types of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terranes: large terranes that evolved slowly (over 10–30 Myr), and small terranes that formed and were exhumed on timescales of < 10 Myr. Here we compare the characteristics – area, thickness, formation rate, exhumation rate, age, and tectonic setting – of these two endmember types of UHP terrane worldwide. We suggest that the two UHP terrane types may form during different orogenic stages because of variations in the buoyancy and traction forces due to different proportions of subducting crust and mantle lithosphere or to different rates of subduction. The initial stages of continent collision involve the subduction of thin continental crust or microcontinents, and thus tectonic forces are dominated by the density of the oceanic slab; subduction rates are rapid and subduction angles are initially steep. However, as collision matures, thicker and larger pieces of continental material are subducted, and the positive buoyancy of the down-going slab becomes more prominent; subduction angles become gentle and convergence slows. Assessing the validity of this hypothesis is critical to understanding the physical and chemical evolution of Earth's crust and mantle.
Included here is the post-print copy of this article. The final publication is available via ScienceDirect at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X11007564
Geochemical And Strontium Isotope Characterization Of Produced Waters From Marcellus Shale Natural Gas Extraction, 2012 University of Pittsburgh - Main Campus
Geochemical And Strontium Isotope Characterization Of Produced Waters From Marcellus Shale Natural Gas Extraction, Elizabeth C. Chapman, Rosemary C. Capo, Brian W. Stewart, Carl S. Kirby, Richard W. Hammack, Karl T. Schroeder, Harry M. Edenborn
Faculty Journal Articles
Extraction of natural gas by hydraulic fracturing of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale, a major gas-bearing unit in the Appalachian Basin, results in significant quantities of produced water containing high total dissolved solids (TDS). We carried out a strontium (Sr) isotope investigation to determine the utility of Sr isotopes in identifying and quantifying the interaction of Marcellus Formation produced waters with other waters in the Appalachian Basin in the event of an accidental release, and to provide information about the source of the dissolved solids. Strontium isotopic ratios of Marcellus produced waters collected over a geographic range of ∼375 km …
Assessment Of Coal Geology, Resources, And Reserves In The Montana Powder River Basin, 2012 U.S. Geological Survey
Assessment Of Coal Geology, Resources, And Reserves In The Montana Powder River Basin, Jon E. Haacke, David C. Scott, Lee M. Osmonson, James A. Luppens, Paul E. Pierce, Jay A. Gunderson
Publications of the US Geological Survey
The purpose of this report is to summarize geology, coal resources, and coal reserves in the Montana Powder River Basin (MTPRB) assessment area in southeastern Montana. This report represents the fourth assessment area within the Powder River Basin to be evaluated in the continuing U.S. Geological Survey regional coal assessment program.
There are four active coal mines in the MTPRB assessment area: the Spring Creek and Decker Mines, both near Decker; the Rosebud Mine, near Colstrip; and the Absaloka Mine, west of Colstrip. During 2011, coal production from these four mines totaled approximately 36 million short tons (MST). A fifth …
The Evolution Of Grenville Basement In The Eastern Great Smoky Mountains; Constraints From U-Pb Zircon Geochronology, Whole Rock Sm-Nd, And Feldspar Pb Geochemistry, 2012 University of Kentucky
The Evolution Of Grenville Basement In The Eastern Great Smoky Mountains; Constraints From U-Pb Zircon Geochronology, Whole Rock Sm-Nd, And Feldspar Pb Geochemistry, Ryan Joel Quinn
Theses and Dissertations--Earth and Environmental Sciences
Identifying the crustal affinity of Grenville basement rocks in the Dellwood quadrangle, western NC, provides insight into the tectonic evolution of eastern Laurentia during Grenville orogenesis. U-Pb zircon geochronology of orthogneiss, augen gneiss, and mafic xenoliths in orthogneiss reveal magmatic pulses at 1130, 1180, and 1330 Ma and metamorphic episodes at 450 and 1040 Ma. Xenoliths in 1330 Ma orthogneiss are as old as 1382 Ma and represent the oldest component of Blue Ridge basement identified to-date. Feldspar Pb isotope values span a range between juvenile-Laurentian and southern-central Appalachian basement/Amazonia. Most Pb isotope data define an array consistent with crustal …
Organic Geochemical And Petrographi̇cal Characteristics Of Karliova Halifan (Bingol) Coals, 2012 Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
Organic Geochemical And Petrographi̇cal Characteristics Of Karliova Halifan (Bingol) Coals, Orhan Kavak, Selami Toprak
Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
In this study, petrographic and organic geochemical characteristics of the Tertiary Karlıova-Halifan coals (Bingöl) were investigated. Determination of coal quality was based on chemical (moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash) and elemental analyses (C, H, O, S, N). The values of the huminite reflectances in organic matter-rich coal levels change between 0.368 and 0.573 %, which correspond to low maturity levels. These parameters are in good aggrement with their fluorescence colors, calorific value (average original-2266, dry-3177 Kcal/kg, upper calorific value) and average Tmax (417oC) values. The organic material in studied coals show low grade transformation due to low lithostatic pressure. …
Geochemical Properties And Rodingitization Of Diabase Dykes Cutting Peridotites In Yüksekova Complex (Özalp, Van - Turkey), 2012 Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
Geochemical Properties And Rodingitization Of Diabase Dykes Cutting Peridotites In Yüksekova Complex (Özalp, Van - Turkey), Kurtuluş Günay, Ali Rıza Çolakoğlu, Üner Çakir
Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration
In this study, the geology of diabase dykes which cut peridotites of Yüksekova complex (Özalp, Van, Turkey) and the effects of Ca metasomatism that caused the metamorphism of these peridotites were investigated. Within the light of mineralogical and petrographical studies and geochemical data; it was determined that diabase dykes that cut peridotites in Yüksekova complex had shown rodingitization in various degrees due to Ca metasomatism. Depending on this metasomatism, Ca-Al-Mg rich silicates were formed. The mineralogy of rodingitized dykes with ophitic texture is composed of diopside, plagioclase, hydrogrossularite, chlorite, epidote and in minor amounts phlogopite, prehnite, apatite, calcite, opaque minerals. …
Evolution With Depth From Detrital To Authigenic Smectites In Sediments From And-2a Drill Core (Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica), 2012 Università degli Studi di Siena
Evolution With Depth From Detrital To Authigenic Smectites In Sediments From And-2a Drill Core (Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica), Francesco Iacoviello, Giovanna Giorgetti, Fernando Nieto, Isabella Turbanti Memmi
ANDRILL Research and Publications
We have examined the nature and origin of smectites in glaciomarine sediments of the AND-2A drill core (McMurdo Sound, Antarctica) by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses on the clay fraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations and SEM-EDS microanalyses on smectite particles. Relying on the smectite variation throughout the drill core it was possible to split the sequence into three units. Smectites throughout the core are either detrital or authigenic. Detrital smectites are close to montmorillonite-beidellite in composition while newly-formed smectites frequently have higher Fe-Mg contents and intermediate compositions between the saponite and nontronite …
A Five-Year Analysis Of Carbon Stock Plots In The Gordon Natural Area’S Big Woods, 2012 West Chester University of Pennsylvania
A Five-Year Analysis Of Carbon Stock Plots In The Gordon Natural Area’S Big Woods, Cathy Spahr, Chad Hudson, Andy Tamez
Forest Carbon Storage Study Documents
No abstract provided.
Isotope Geochemistry And Geochronology Of Lavas From The Line Islands Chain, Central Pacific Basin: Insight Into The Origin Of The Line Islands, 2012 University of Texas at El Paso
Isotope Geochemistry And Geochronology Of Lavas From The Line Islands Chain, Central Pacific Basin: Insight Into The Origin Of The Line Islands, Lauren Storm
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Geochemical compositions of melts produced in the Earth's mantle provide key data for understanding Earth's internal structure. Particularly, the compositions of unusually large outpourings of basaltic lavas in large igneous provinces involve substantial source volumes, thereby contributing to our understanding of mantle structure and dynamics. Although the origin of such lavas remains enigmatic, geochemically they may originate from Earth's oldest and deepest mantle reservoir, transported by a mantle plume or by entrainment in passive upwelling beneath a fast spreading center. The Pacific Ocean basin hosts several large igneous provinces that formed near a triple junction of three oceanic plates, and …
Geochemical Classification Of Placer And Lode Gold Deposits Within The Northern Dome Rock Mountains Of The Quartzsite Mining District, Az, 2012 California State University, San Bernardino
Geochemical Classification Of Placer And Lode Gold Deposits Within The Northern Dome Rock Mountains Of The Quartzsite Mining District, Az, Christina Marie Lopez Velasquez
Theses Digitization Project
In this study the geochemistry and distribution of placer and lode gold deposits of the northern Dome Rock Mountains near Quartzsite, Arizona wre studied. The primary objectives of this study were to geochemically classify the placer and lode gold deposits of the Quartzsite Mining District, Arizona. Additional objectives were to determine estimates of the economic value and quantity of production of placer and lode gold deposits. Addressing the economic geology of placer gold deposits, the ultimate goal for this geochemical study is to determine the source(s) of the placer gold and determining the economic potential.
Stable Isotope Analysis Of Busycon Sinistrum To Determine Fort Walton-Period Seasonality At St. Joseph Bay, Northwest Florida, 2012 University of South Florida
Stable Isotope Analysis Of Busycon Sinistrum To Determine Fort Walton-Period Seasonality At St. Joseph Bay, Northwest Florida, Ryan Michael Harke
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
Recent archaeological investigations indicate that coastal Fort Walton cultures in the St. Joseph Bay region of northwest Florida emphasized marine and estuarine foraging. These late prehistoric (A.D. 1000-1500) peoples collected fish, shellfish, and other aquatic resources. At the Richardson's Hammock site (8Gu10), radiocarbon-dated to about A.D. 1300, as at dozens of other shell middens around this salty bay, large gastropods were a major subsistence component. This adaptation is in sharp contrast with that of contemporaneous inland Fort Walton societies, who relied on maize agriculture. It is unknown whether coastal groups represent separate hunter-gatherer-fisher populations or seasonal migrations by inland …
Geology Of National Parks Modules For The Spreadsheets Across The Curriculum Library, 2012 University of South Florida
Geology Of National Parks Modules For The Spreadsheets Across The Curriculum Library, H. L. Vacher, Thomas C. Juster, Judy Mcllrath, Mark Rains
Geology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Scientific Drilling Of Speleothems – A Technical Note, 2012 Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. christoph.spoetl@uibk.ac.at
Scientific Drilling Of Speleothems – A Technical Note, Christoph Spötl, David Mattey
International Journal of Speleology
This short article provides detailed descriptions of custom-made and commercially available hand-held drilling gear and options for water-flushing units specifically designed to obtained good-quality core material from speleothems even in remote cave regions. We use small-diameter (6-7 mm) diamond drill bits to obtain aliquots of calcite (as little as a few hundreds of milligram) from the interior of the basal part of in-situ stalagmites. These small cores are used to date the onset of stalagmite growth and occasionally to obtain other compositional information. Larger diameter drill bits produce cores 25-32 mm in diameter and up to 1.3 m in length …
Poverty Shelf, New Zealand From The Holocene To Present: Stratigraphic Development And Event Layer Preservation In Response To Sediment Supply, Tectonics And Climate, 2012 College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Poverty Shelf, New Zealand From The Holocene To Present: Stratigraphic Development And Event Layer Preservation In Response To Sediment Supply, Tectonics And Climate, Lila Eve Rose Pierce
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The small, high sediment yield Waipaoa River is located on the tectonically active, mountainous Poverty Margin on the east coast of the North Island, New Zealand. In contrast to sedimentary sequences on passive margin shelves, active margins, such as the Poverty Margin, can preserve continuous records of changing geological and environmental conditions at the land-sea interface during rapid sea-level rise. Two subsiding mid-shelf basins on the Poverty Shelf contain thick transgressive sequences which provide a record of evolving river, climate, landscape, and oceanographic conditions since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This dissertation investigates the stratigraphic development of Poverty Shelf, including …