Quantification Of Persistent Organic Pollutants In Various Matrices Using Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction And Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry, 2021 Duquesne University
Quantification Of Persistent Organic Pollutants In Various Matrices Using Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction And Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry, Weier Hao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A method was developed to quantify persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a wide range of matrices including wastewater, dietary supplements, and human whole blood using stir-bar sorptive extraction, GC-MS/MS, and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). The method enabled accurate, precise, sensitive, and efficient quantification of POPs in these matrices. Compared with calibration curves, IDMS provided measurements with a higher level of accuracy and precision, especially at lower measured concentrations. The use of GC-MS/MS enabled a lower limit of quantification compared with GC-MS. A reverse-IDMS method was performed to further eliminate biases from the labelled concentrations of the commercially available standards. …
Computational And Experimental Studies Of Functionalized Phenolic Tertiary Phosphine Oxides As Organocatalysts For The Redox-Neutral Mitsunobu Reaction, 2021 Duquesne University
Computational And Experimental Studies Of Functionalized Phenolic Tertiary Phosphine Oxides As Organocatalysts For The Redox-Neutral Mitsunobu Reaction, Sadie Brown
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis was the identification of a more efficient catalyst analog that could perform the redox-neutral Mitsunobu reaction, which was achieved via two synthetic pathways: elimination-addition and addition-rearrangement. Furthermore, a computational investigation was conducted on the conflicting interpretations of the catalytic cycle. Our research group replicated Houk et al. work, as well as expanded the computations to examine the influence different functional groups had on the ground state and transition state structures. Important ground state and transition state structures were determined, which provided a more energetically favorable pathway of the catalytic cycle. Experimental work demonstrated that both …
Proton Pump Inhibitors Promote Apoptosis In Jurkat T Lymphocytes, 2021 University of Mary Washington
Proton Pump Inhibitors Promote Apoptosis In Jurkat T Lymphocytes, Ashley Utz
Student Research Submissions
Cancer cells are known to rely on the anaerobic energy pathway of glycolysis even under normoxic conditions, resulting in measurable intracellular acidification that may trigger cell death by apoptosis. In normal cells, the pH is restored by activation of voltage-gated proton pumps, preventing apoptosis. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole, inhibit the action of these voltage-gated proton pumps. Research has shown that omeprazole is also capable of inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in Jurkat T-lymphocytes, but this area of study remains largely unexplored. The goal of this research was to determine the temporal dynamics of caspase activity in Jurkat cells treated …
Environment-Friendly Flame Retardants For Bio-Based Polyurethanes, 2021 Pittsburg State University
Environment-Friendly Flame Retardants For Bio-Based Polyurethanes, Felipe Martins De Souza
Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Finding alternative ways to decrease the large consumption of non-renewable resources has been one of the greatest challenges faced by the industry and academia. The trend of using bio-renewable-based materials is an interesting alternative to tackle environmental issues as well as provide economically viable materials. In this work, carvone, an essential oil, was used to synthesize a bio-based polyol through a thiol-ene reaction. The chemical functions were analyzed through Fourier transformed infrared spectrum (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), viscosity, and hydroxyl number, which confirmed the synthesis of carvone-based polyol. The latter was then physically blended with three different flame-retardants separately: …
Facile Synthesis Of Metal Oxides, Sulphides, And Phosphides For Enhanced Energy Applications, 2021 Pittsburg State University
Facile Synthesis Of Metal Oxides, Sulphides, And Phosphides For Enhanced Energy Applications, Alfred Nkhama
Electronic Theses & Dissertations
An access to reliable, sustainable, eco-friendly and cost-effective energy supply is being challenged by the global increase in population and the rapid technological advancement. Sophisticated systems, machinery and various devices being innovated, require the steady energy supply for their operations and applicability. To have reliable energy, numerous researches are being conducted through various approaches across the world. In this research work, the facile approach in investigating and tuning the materials properties was employed to improve energy properties of metal oxides. Nanostructured NiFe-oxide and CoFe-oxide were synthesized using a facile coprecipitation method. It was revealed that; nanostructured materials have favorable structures …
Development Of Methods For Determining Water Content In Oil Using Infrared Spectroscopy, 2021 University of Maine
Development Of Methods For Determining Water Content In Oil Using Infrared Spectroscopy, Sfoog Hamad Saleh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Karl Fischer Titration (KFT) is the “gold standard” method for measuring the amount of water in oils. KFT is a laborious and time-consuming method that requires expensive and hazardous chemicals which has provided the impetus to develop alternative methods. In this thesis, we investigated three approaches for determining water content in oils that are based on the use of infrared spectroscopy. In the first approach, we developed a simple method for measuring water concentrations from 1 to 5000 ppm in various types of oil that uses no hazardous, and expensive, chemical reagents or matrix specific calibrations. This approach involves capturing …
El Paso / Juarez - 1993, 2021 University of Denver
El Paso / Juarez - 1993
United States Data - Texas
Relevant Publications
Environmental Science & Technology Publication (1996)
Extreme Weather And Its Impacts On Human Civilizations: An In-Depth Investigation Of Causes And Effects, 2021 Liberty University
Extreme Weather And Its Impacts On Human Civilizations: An In-Depth Investigation Of Causes And Effects, Jason Zabel
Senior Honors Theses
Extreme weather has impacted humanity since creation and is an important topic that deserves examination. In this thesis, the main event that is presented and analyzed is the extreme haze that clouded much of China’s skies in 2013. Further, the impacts this major event had on people, including changes in population movement, death/injury rate, and changes in atmospheric chemistry due to the high concentration of particulates are discussed. Subsequent examples that will be explored include Hurricane Katrina and the eruption of Mt. St. Helens. The main contention of this thesis is that the effects extreme weather has on human civilization …
Food Chemistry, 2021 Merrimack College
Food Chemistry, Emelia Zukowski, Brian A. Provencher
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Investigations Into Effects Of Modified Prolines On Cis-Trans Isomers And Polypeptide Secondary Structure & Prediction Of Spectroscopic Properties Of Phthalonitriles For Characterization, 2021 Seton Hall University
Investigations Into Effects Of Modified Prolines On Cis-Trans Isomers And Polypeptide Secondary Structure & Prediction Of Spectroscopic Properties Of Phthalonitriles For Characterization, Jeffrey Raab
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Proline is a unique amino acid because it is the only amino acid whose side chain wraps around and bonds back to the peptide backbone. This ring shape helps proteins form conformations which would otherwise not be possible such as hairpin turns. The cis/trans isomerization of the peptide bond between the preceding amino acid (Xaa) and Proline is important in determining how the secondary structure folds. Thus, being able to control the cis/trans isomerization is important when a specific conformation is desired; Proline can be modified to get make the equilibrium shift whichever way is needed. The modifications …
Supporting Biomedical Research Training For Historically Underrepresented Undergraduates Using Interprofessional, Nonformal Education Structures, 2021 Oregon Health & Science University
Supporting Biomedical Research Training For Historically Underrepresented Undergraduates Using Interprofessional, Nonformal Education Structures, Lisa K. Marriott, Aaron Raz Link, Roberto P. Anitori, Ernest A. Blackwell, Andrea Blas, Jennifer Brock, Tracey K. Burke, Julia A. Burrows, Alexis P. Cabrera, Derek Helsham, Lorna B. Liban, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Mika Maruyama, Kathryn C.A. Milligan-Myhre, Perry J.C. Panelinan, Margaret Hattori-Uchima, Russell Reed, Ben E. Simon, Beylul Solomon, Alma M.O. Trinidad, Letisha R. Wyatt, Alonso Delgado Covarrubias, Adrienne Zell, Thomas E. Keller, Cynthia Morris, Carlos J. Crespo
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
Research experience provides critical training for new biomedical research scientists. Students from underrepresented populations studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are increasingly recruited into research pathways to diversify STEM fields. However, support structures outside of research settings designed to help these students navigate biomedical research pathways are not always available; nor are program support components outside the context of laboratory technical skills training and formal mentorship well understood. This study leveraged a multi-institutional research training program, Enhancing Cross-Disciplinary Infrastructure and Training at Oregon (EXITO), to explore how nine institutions designed a new curricular structure (Enrichment) to meet a common …
Game-Based Learning In Science: Can Video Games Simplify Organic Chemistry?, 2021 Liberty University
Game-Based Learning In Science: Can Video Games Simplify Organic Chemistry?, Rachel Israel
Senior Honors Theses
Organic chemistry has been taught in the same way for decades, and students still have difficulty understanding and comprehending the subject material. Perhaps it is time to change the methods by which this subject is taught. Video games have been successfully used in education to create learning environments that increase student motivation and engagement as well as challenge students and promote collaboration. It is difficult for students to maintain a growth mindset in organic chemistry within the classroom. However across different genres, video games create a unique environment where an individual is encouraged to try again when they fail. This …
Structure Determination Of Pd2sin (N = 1 - 9) Clusters, 2021 Murray State University
Structure Determination Of Pd2sin (N = 1 - 9) Clusters, Ryan Carlin
Honors College Theses
The geometry and relative stability of small Pd2Sin (n = 1 - 9) clusters are determined using the B3LYP hybrid density functional theory method. Candidate structures are identified by the utilization of unbiased global optimization procedures. From the lowest energy geometries, binding energy, fragmentation energy, second-order energy difference, and frontier orbital gap energy are calculated to determine cluster stability. Pd2Sin (n = 8 and 9) adapts new lowest energy geometric configurations that have previously not been considered. Pd2Si5 is determined to have a high relative stability of the clusters within this size range.
Tuscarora Mountain Tunnel - 1991, 2021 University of Denver
Tuscarora Mountain Tunnel - 1991
United States Data - Pennsylvania
Relevant Publications
Atmospheric Environment Publication (1996)
Provo - 1991, 2021 University of Denver
Provo - 1991
United States Data - Utah
Relevant Publications
Air & Waste Management Association Publication (1993)
Effects Of Halogen Bonding On 13c Nmr Shifts Of Various Tolan Species, 2021 University of Mississippi
Effects Of Halogen Bonding On 13c Nmr Shifts Of Various Tolan Species, Anthony Lybrand
Honors Theses
Halogen bonding is slowly becoming a more and more useful part of the world of chemistry and is beginning to be incorporated into various aspects of the chemical industry. This study’s purpose is to determine whether or not halogen bonding can cause any effect in the 13C NMR shifts. The specific purpose of this study is to determine whether these chemical shifts change when a Lewis Base is added to the dissolved sample. In order to do this, the tolan species (4-iodotolan and 4-chlorotolan) had to be synthesized. Once synthesized, the tolan species were analyzed via NMR. NMR data indicated …
Effects Of Crowding Agents On I-Motif Dna, 2021 University of Mississippi
Effects Of Crowding Agents On I-Motif Dna, Hayden Brines
Honors Theses
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a well-known double stranded, helical, biological molecule. In addition to its more commonly known structure, DNA can also form more complicated structures like G-quadruplexes and i-motifs (iM). The iMs are formed by cytosine rich DNA and are a four stranded structure that is typically looped around itself. The iM formation is typically pH-dependent and is favored in more acidic conditions; the pKa value is approximately 6.5. This pKa value allows for potential in vivo formation, since the cells have a pH of approximately 7.3. Due to this, iMs are thought to be powerful, innovative molecules for …
Applications Of Sodium Azide In The Synthesis Of Tetrazines And Hydrolysis Reactions, 2021 University of Mississippi
Applications Of Sodium Azide In The Synthesis Of Tetrazines And Hydrolysis Reactions, My Le
Honors Theses
The inverse electron demand Diels−Alder cycloadditions of heterocyclic azadienes have provided a robust methodology for synthesizing highly substituted and functionalized heterocycles. It is widely used in organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry in the divergent construction of screening libraries and bioorthogonal conjugation. Each heterocyclic azadiene was found to possess a unique reactivity toward different classes of dienophiles, display predictable modes of cycloaddition, and exhibit substantial substituent electronic effects impacting their intrinsic reactivity and cycloaddition regioselectivity. Synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrazine has been reported in the literature since the late 19th century, showing scientists' tremendous interest in its application.
Herein we attempt to …
Determination Of Metals And Microplastics In Sediment From Oyster Reefs In The Mississippi Sound, 2021 University of Mississippi
Determination Of Metals And Microplastics In Sediment From Oyster Reefs In The Mississippi Sound, Shelby Goza
Honors Theses
This research centers on the determination of metals (Cd, Pb, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) and microplastics (MPs) in marine sediment from oyster reefs in the Mississippi Sound Estuary. Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) are a vital part of the Gulf Coast economy, but their population has dramatically declined in recent years due to multiple stressors, including oil spills and fluctuations in salinity from flooding. Increasingly frequent flooding events also introduce high loads of MPs and sediments containing heavy metals from the Mississippi River. These pollutants can have deleterious effects on oyster biology; however, they have not been adequately …
End Group Modification Of Linear Dendritic Block Copolymers (Ldbcs), 2021 University of Mississippi
End Group Modification Of Linear Dendritic Block Copolymers (Ldbcs), Chinwe Udemgba
Honors Theses
Linear dendritic block copolymers are amphiphilic molecules that consist of a dendritic hydrophilic portion and a linear hydrophobic portion. Its unique ability to self-assemble into spherical nanoaggregates while having the potential to uptake and transport both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs makes these polymers an item of interest in regard to the drug delivery field. The synthesis of polyamidoamine-polylactide linear dendritic block copolymers was designed to address the common issues in drug delivery systems, including problems in permeability, solubility, stability, specificity, and retention. Though this linear dendritic block copolymer has previously been synthesized in our lab with cationic amine surface functionalities, …