Small or Companion Animal Medicine Commons^™

Induction And Recovery Characteristics And Cardiopulmonary Effects Of Sevoflurane And Isoflurane In Bald Eagles, Priscilla Joyner, Michael Jones, Daniel Ward, Rebecca Gompf, Nancy Zagaya, Jonathan Sleeman

Daniel A. Ward

Objective—To compare induction and recovery characteristics and cardiopulmonary effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane in bald eagles.

Animals—17 healthy adult bald eagles.

Procedures—Anesthesia was induced with isoflurane or sevoflurane delivered in oxygen via a facemask in a crossover design with 4 weeks between treatments. Eagles were intubated, allowed to breathe spontaneously, and instrumented for cardiopulmonary measurements. Time to induction, extubation, and recovery, as well as smoothness of recovery, were recorded.

Results—Administration of sevoflurane resulted in a significantly quicker recovery, compared with isoflurane. Temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate significantly decreased over time, whereas systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP ...

Long-Term And High-Dose Trials Of Enzyme Replacement Therapy In The Canine Model Of Mucopolysaccharidosis I., E Kakkis, Michael Mcentee, A Schmidtchen, E Neufeld, Daniel Ward, Rebecca Gompf, Stephen Kania, C Bedolla, S Chien, R Shill

Daniel A. Ward

Enzyme replacement is a potential therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I), a lysosomal storage disorder caused by alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency. Previous work showed improvement in the tissues of MPS I dogs treated intravenously for 3 months with recombinant human alpha-L-iduronidase (25,000 units or approximately 0.1 mg/kg/week). We have now treated an MPS I-affected dog for 13 months to assess the clinical effects of enzyme replacement. The treated dog gained more weight, was more active, and had less joint stiffness than the untreated littermate. Biochemical and histologic studies demonstrated uptake of alpha-L-iduronidase and decreased lysosomal storage in the ...

Avian Vision: A Review Of Form And Function With Special Consideration To Birds Of Prey, Michael Jones, Kenneth Pierce, Daniel Ward

Daniel A. Ward

More so than any other terrestrial vertebrate, birds rely most heavily on their ability to assess their visual environment. High visual acuity is not only necessary to find and acquire food, but also to navigate surroundings, to identify conspecifics and potential mates, and to quickly identify and escape from predators. This article aims to help the reader understand how birds, particularly birds of prey, see by reviewing pertinent anatomy and physiology of the eye, color vision, visual fields, visual acuity, accommodation, and flicker-fusion frequency. For more information on specific disease conditions of the avian eye, the reader is encouraged to ...

Effects Of A Topically Applied 2% Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Ophthalmic Solution On Intraocular Pressure And Aqueous Humor Flow Rate In Clinically Normal Dogs., Diane Hendrix, K Fischer, Daniel Ward

Daniel A. Ward

Objective: To determine the effects of topically applied 2% delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) ophthalmic solution on aqueous humor flow rate (AHFR) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically normal dogs. Animals: 21 clinically normal dogs. Procedures: A randomized longitudinal crossover design was used. Following acquisition of baseline IOP (morning and evening) and AHFR (afternoon only) data, dogs were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups and received 1 drop of either 2% THC solution or a control treatment (olive oil vehicle) to 1 randomly selected eye every 12 hours for 9 doses. The IOPs and AHFRs were reassessed after the final treatment. Following a ...

Iqcb1 And Pde6b Mutations Cause Similar Early Onset Retinal Degenerations In Two Closely Related Terrier Dog Breeds, Orly Goldstein, Jason G. Mezey, Peter A. Schweitzer, A. Boyko, Chuan Gao, Carlos D. Bustamante, Julie Ann Jordan, Gustavo D. Aguirre, Gregory M. Acland

Gustavo D. Aguirre, VMD, PhD

Thermal Cautery Of The Canine Third Eyelid For Treatment Of Cartilage Eversion, Rachel A. Allbaugh, Charles M. Stuhr

Veterinary Clinical Sciences Publications

Objective To present a novel, minimally invasive technique for everted third eyelid cartilage correction in dogs that employs the use of low-energy cautery to remodel the cartilage. Procedures Twelve eyes of ten dogs had cautery performed under general anesthesia to correct everted third eyelid cartilage. The tip of a handheld cautery unit or an electrocautery handpiece was applied to the bulbar conjunctival surface of the third eyelid at the central location of cartilage convexity and treated to effect. This resulted in gradual conjunctival contraction and cartilage softening that remodeled the third eyelid to return to a more normal, physiologic position ...

Canine Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Phenotyping By 7-Color Multiparameter Flow Cytometry, Ratree Platt, Terry Ng, Sherry Glover, Michael Roof, Kayoko Kimura, James A. Roth

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications

Objective: To characterize baseline canine lymphocyte phenotypes including lymphocytes coexpressing multiple markers by novel 7-color multiparameter flow cytometry. Study Design: Fresh canine peripheral blood lymphocytes of 79 healthy 26-week-old Beagle or Beagle-mix dogs were stained and analyzed. Results: The high number of samples and acquired flow data (averaging 1.9x105 cells/sample) allowed the detection of minor lymphocyte subsets coexpressing multiple lymphocyte markers. The averaged percentages of major lymphocyte subsets of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD21+ and gd TCR+ cells from this study were 74.0, 43.6, 14.3, 9.6, and 0.2, respectively, which were comparable but uniquely ...

Neuroendocrine Tumor At The Carina Of A Dog, Emily Gould, L. Johnson, R. Traslavina, F. Mohr

Emily Nissa Gould

A 10-year-old, neutered female, crossbred pit bull terrier was presented for cough, haemoptysis and rapidly progressive respiratory difficulty. Thoracic radiographs suggested a soft tissue density at the carina and bronchoscopy revealed a large, broad-based mass obstructing the entire left mainstem bronchus and half of the entrance to the right mainstem bronchus. Microscopically, the mass consisted of neoplastic cells that were packeted into small nests and had strong granular cytoplasmic immunoreactivity to synaptophysin and chromogranin A. Cytoplasmic neurosecretory granules stained strongly by the Grimelius method. A diagnosis of obstructive neuroendocrine tumour was made.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.01.010

"What Is Your Diagnosis? Right Acetabular Fractures With Ischiatic Nerve Damage In A Northern Goshawk", J Drake, Federica Morandi, Michael Jones

Federica Morandi

No abstract provided.

Diagnosis Of Congenital Cardiac Right-To-Left Shunts With 99mtc-Macroaggregated Albumin, Federica Morandi, Gregory Daniel, Rebecca Gompf, A Bahr

Federica Morandi

Diagnosing right-to-left congenital cardiac shunts can be difficult. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography represent the traditional gold standard for diagnosis, but they are invasive. Nuclear scintigraphy using 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) has been employed in humans as an alternate method of diagnosis. This study reviews eight dogs presented for evaluation of a suspect right-to-left cardiac shunt that were examined using 99mTc-MAA. In all, 2-4 mCi (74-148 MBq) of reduced particle 99mTc-MAA were injected IV in a cephalic vein and static images of the whole body, including right and left lateral, dorsal, and ventral views, were acquired for 60 s and stored into ...

Comparison Of Presumptive Echocardiographic And Definitive Diagnoses Of Cardiac Tumors In Dogs (Doi: 10.1111/Jvim.12134, V Rajagopalan, Sophy Jesty, Linden Craig, Rebecca Gompf

Linden E. Craig DVM, Ph.D., DACVP, College of Veterinary Medicine

doi: 10.1111/jvim.12134

Comparison Of Presumptive Echocardiographic And Definitive Diagnoses Of Cardiac Tumors In Dogs (Doi: 10.1111/Jvim.12134. [Epub Ahead Of Print]), V Rajagopalan, Sophy Jesty, Linden Craig, Rebecca Gompf

Rebecca Elaine Gompf DVM

doi: 10.1111/jvim.1213

Comparison Of Presumptive Echocardiographic And Definitive Diagnoses Of Cardiac Tumors In Dogs (Doi: 10.1111/Jvim.12134. [Epub Ahead Of Print]), V Rajagopalan, Sophy Jesty, Linden Craig, Rebecca Gompf

Sophy Jesty

No abstract provided.

A Canine Aflatoxicosis Outbreak And Guidelines For Handling Commercial Dog Food Contaminations, J Smith, Katherine Stenske, Shelley Newman, Claudia Kirk

Shelley Newman

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Fentanyl On The End-Tidal Sevoflurane Concentration Needed To Prevent Motor Movement In Dogs, Sabrina Reilly, Reza Seddighi, Christine Egger, Barton Rohrbach, Thomas Doherty, Wen Qu, James Johnson

Thomas J Doherty

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of fentanyl on the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane needed to prevent motor movement (MACNM ) in response to noxious stimulation, and to evaluate if acute tolerance develops. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized cross-over experimental study. ANIMALS: Six healthy, adult (2-3 years old), intact male, mixed-breed dogs weighing 16.2 ± 1.1 kg. METHODS: Six dogs were randomly assigned to receive one of three separate treatments over a 3 week period. After baseline sevoflurane MACNM (MACNM-B) determination, fentanyl treatments (T) were administered as a loading dose (Ld) and constant rate infusion (CRI) as ...

The Effect Of Fentanyl On The End-Tidal Sevoflurane Concentration Needed To Prevent Motor Movement In Dogs, Sabrina Reilly, Reza Seddighi, Christine Egger, Barton Rohrbach, Thomas Doherty, Wen Qu, James Johnson

Barton W Rohrbach Dr.

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of fentanyl on the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane needed to prevent motor movement (MACNM ) in response to noxious stimulation, and to evaluate if acute tolerance develops. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized cross-over experimental study. ANIMALS: Six healthy, adult (2-3 years old), intact male, mixed-breed dogs weighing 16.2 ± 1.1 kg. METHODS: Six dogs were randomly assigned to receive one of three separate treatments over a 3 week period. After baseline sevoflurane MACNM (MACNM-B) determination, fentanyl treatments (T) were administered as a loading dose (Ld) and constant rate infusion (CRI) as ...

Investigation Of The Effects Of Hyperthyroidism On Renal Function In The Cat, William Adams, G Daniel, Alfred Legendre

Alfred M Legendre DVM, MS, DACVIM

This study evaluated the effects of thyroxine on renal function in the cat. Baseline serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations, clinicopathologic data (complete blood count [CBC], serum chemistry panel, urinalysis), and nuclear medicine determinations of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), and effective renal blood flow (ERBF) were measured in 10 normal adult cats. Cats were then injected with thyroxine (T4) (50 micrograms/kg SQ) daily for 30 d to induce hyperthyroidism. Clinicopathologic and nuclear medicine studies were repeated at 30 d. Cats injected with thyroxine had significant increases in T4, GFR, and ERBF and significant declines in serum ...

Primary Jejunal Osteosarcoma Associated With A Surgical Sponge In A Dog, A Pardo, William Adams, M Mccracken, Alfred Legendre

Alfred M Legendre DVM, MS, DACVIM

Primary jejunal osteosarcoma was diagnosed in association with a surgical sponge in a dog. The tumor was biologically aggressive, resulting in widespread metastasis throughout the abdomen within 2 months of surgical resection. Microscopic examination of the resected osteosarcoma revealed strands of gauze material throughout the tumor mass. It was theorized that the presence of a sponge foreign body may have resulted in malignant transformation of adjacent tissues similar to what has been reported to occur after internal fixation of some long-bone fractures.

Treatment Of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma In 7 Dogs Utilizing 131i, William Adams, M Walker, G Daniel, M Petersen, A Legendre

Alfred M Legendre DVM, MS, DACVIM

Seven dogs with thyroid gland carcinoma were treated with 131I and hormone suppressive therapy either alone (3 dogs) or in combination with surgery (3 dogs) or 137Cs teletherapy and chemotherapy (1 dog). Empirically chosen doses of 75 to 137 mCi 131I were given orally (2 dogs) and i.v. (5 dogs). Adverse effects were limited to acute, transient bone marrow hypoplasia and pancytopenia. Nominal objective reduction in tumour volume or size and number of pulmonary metastases was observed in 4 dogs treated with 131I and thyroxine. Of these 4 dogs, 2 had stable disease for periods of 4 and 12 ...

Effect Of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy On Elbow Osteoarthritis In Dogs, Darryl Millis, Marti Drum, D Whitlock

Darryl L. Millis

No abstract provided.