Translational Medical Research Commons^™

Indications For Esophagogastroduodenoscopy In Anemic Patients Without Overt Signs Of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Geoffrey M. Ginter

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Majid S, Salih M, Wasaya R, Jafri W. Predictors of gastrointestinal lesions on endoscopy in iron deficiency anemia without gastrointestinal symptoms. BMC Gastroenterol. 2008;8:52. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-8-52

for a patient with a complicated presentation of severe anemia

Exercise Therapy Improves Quality Of Life In Patients With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (Pots), Heya Batah, Scott L. Baughan

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using

George SA, Bivens TB, Howden EJ, et al. The international POTS registry: Evaluating the efficacy of an exercise training intervention in a community setting. Heart Rhythm. 2016;13(4):943-950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.12.012

for exercise efficacy in patients with POTS.

Sotrovimab: Neutralizing Antibody To Combat Covid-19, Aya Allam, Steven Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Are Antipyretic Medications Compatible With Sars-Cov-2 Vaccines?, Sharanya S E Santhi, Niguma Rayamajhi, Steven B Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Leptospirosis Presenting As Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage, Alejandra González, Paola Alvarez, Mariano Fielli, Analia Santos, Neil Gomez Querales, Elkin Rodriguez Arzuaga

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) syndrome has a mortality rate of 30 to 60%. A 15-year-old male patient presented with a seven-day abdominal pain, vomiting, non-dysenteric diarrhea, conjunctival injection, and fever. Chest radiography revealed bilateral interstitial infiltrates predominating in the lower left lobe. The patient’s condition worsened within hours, with the development of massive hemoptysis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), arterial hypotension, and hematocrit decline requiring mechanical ventilation. A chest computed tomography (CT) showed ground-glass opacities with consolidation areas in lower lobes, diffuse tree-in-bud opacities, and centrilobular nodules. A bronchoscopy was conducted without endoluminal lesions and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) consistent with …

Mucormycosis: Covid-19 And Corticosteroids, Mittal Savaliya, Nivedita Jha, Steven B Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Oxybenzone And The Mammary Gland: Impact Of An Environmental Pollutant On Health, Disease & Ethical Decision-Making, Klara Matouskova

Doctoral Dissertations

The environmental pollutant and common sunscreen compound oxybenzone is a benzophenone type UV light chemical filter used in industrial and consumer goods. This chemical widely contaminates human tissues, non-human species, and environmental matrices. In this dissertation, oxybenzone is investigated for its effects on the mouse mammary gland in the offspring following perinatal exposure; after perinatal and prepubertal exposures as a dual environmental insult during two sensitive times of development; and in adults after exposure during pregnancy & lactation as an environmental factor potentially increasing the tissue susceptibility to mammary tumors. Chapter 1 introduces the mammary gland. Chapter 2 reviews UV …

Aorta In Pathologies May Function As An Immune Organ By Upregulating Secretomes For Immune And Vascular Cell Activation, Differentiation And Trans-Differentiation-Early Secretomes May Serve As Drivers For Trained Immunity, Yifan Lu, Yu Sun, Keman Xu, Fatma Saaoud, Ying Shao, Charles Drummer, Sheng Wu, Wenhui Hu, Jun Yu, Satya P Kunapuli, John R Bethea, Roberto I Vazquez-Padron, Jianxin Sun, Xiaohua Jiang, Hong Wang, Xiaofeng Yang

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

To determine whether aorta becomes immune organ in pathologies, we performed transcriptomic analyses of six types of secretomic genes (SGs) in aorta and vascular cells and made the following findings: 1) 53.7% out of 21,306 human protein genes are classified into six secretomes, namely, canonical, caspase 1, caspase 4, exosome, Weibel-Palade body, and autophagy; 2) Atherosclerosis (AS), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) modulate six secretomes in aortas; and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV, COVID-19 homologous) infected endothelial cells (ECs) and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) treated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) modulate six secretomes; 3) AS aortas upregulate …

Pkcε Activation Restores Loss Of Pkcε, Manganese Superoxide Dismutase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, And Microvessels In Aged And Alzheimer's Disease Hippocampus, Guetchyn Millien, Huaixing Wang, Zongxiu Zhang, Dan L Alkon, Jarin Hongpaisan

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Vascular endothelial dysfunction and capillary loss are currently considered to be a primary phenotype of normal human aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Activation of protein kinase C (PKCε) improves several molecular, cellular, physiological, and behavioral endpoints, yet it is not known whether a loss of PKCε activity occurs in the microvascular endothelium in aged and AD hippocampi, whether this loss contributes to microvascular change, or whether activation of PKCε protects against microvascular damage, an early change that induces age-associated memory defect and AD. We investigated the effect of the PKCε activation on microvascular loss in the hippocampus, important for memory …

Pulmonary Post-Acute Sequelae Of Covid-19, Usman Akbar, Shivam Gulati, Johnny Zakhour Md, Alex Glynn, Jose Bordon

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Persistent symptoms have been observed in a substantial proportion of survivors of COVID-19 since relatively early in the pandemic. Among these post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), respiratory symptoms appear to be the most prevalent.

Methods: We conducted a literature review of peer-reviewed publications in English on the clinical and epidemiological features of respiratory PASC in cohorts of 100 or more patients with a follow-up of four weeks or more after acute infection. Included studies reported the prevalence of persistent respiratory symptoms and/or the results of follow-up pulmonary function tests.

Results: On our review included 14 studies across eight countries …

Abi1 Mediates Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation And Airway Remodeling Via Jak2/Stat3 Signaling, Ruping Wang, Yinna Wang, Guoning Liao, Bohao Chen, Reynold A. Panettieri, Jr., Raymond B. Penn, Albany Medical College

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Asthma is a complex pulmonary disorder with multiple pathological mechanisms. A key pathological feature of chronic asthma is airway remodeling, which is largely attributed to airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperplasia that contributes to thickening of the airway wall and further drives asthma pathology. The cellular processes that mediate ASM cell proliferation are not completely elucidated. Using multiple approaches, we demonstrate that the adapter protein Abi1 (Abelson interactor 1) is upregulated in ∼50% of ASM cell cultures derived from patients with asthma. Loss-of-function studies demonstrate that Abi1 regulates the activation of Jak2 (Janus kinase 2) and STAT3 (signal transducers and activators …

Compliance With Guidelines For Treatment Of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia Is Associated With Decreased Mortality In Patients Hospitalized For Community-Acquired Pneumonia With Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Leslie Beavin, Vidyulata Salunkhe, Shashvin Singh, Ahmed Gana, Balaji Sekaran, Mahder A. Tella, Stephen P. Furmanek, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia has a minimum treatment duration of two weeks, while S. aureus community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treatment is at least five days. Treatment failure, persistent bacteremia, and recurrence are common among patients with community-acquired S. aureus bacteremia. There is conflicting information in the current Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines for the treatment of S.aureus bacteremia patients with CAP. Therefore, the appropriate treatment duration and modality for S. aureus CAP with bacteremia is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes among patients with S. aureus CAP and bacteremia treated in compliance versus non-compliance with …

29 M 6 A-Rna Methylation (Epitranscriptomic) Regulators Are Regulated In 41 Diseases Including Atherosclerosis And Tumors Potentially Via Ros Regulation - 102 Transcriptomic Dataset Analyses, Ming Liu, Keman Xu, Fatma Saaoud, Ying Shao, Ruijing Zhang, Yifan Lu, Yu Sun, Charles Drummer Iv, Li Li, Sheng Wu, Satya P Kunapuli, Gerard J Criner, Jianxin Sun, Huimin Shan, Xiaohua Jiang, Hong Wang, Xiaofeng Yang

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

We performed a database mining on 102 transcriptomic datasets for the expressions of 29 m6A-RNA methylation (epitranscriptomic) regulators (m6A-RMRs) in 41 diseases and cancers and made significant findings: (1) a few m6A-RMRs were upregulated; and most m6A-RMRs were downregulated in sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, and trauma; (2) half of 29 m6A-RMRs were downregulated in atherosclerosis; (3) inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis modulated m6A-RMRs more than lupus and psoriasis; (4) some organ failures shared eight upregulated m6A-RMRs; end-stage renal failure (ESRF) downregulated 85% of m6A-RMRs; (5) Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections modulated m6A-RMRs the most among viral infections; …

Clinical Outcomes For Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Are Worse In Those With A History Of Stroke, Pradeepthi Badugu, Dilip Kc, Bibodh Jung Karki, Mahder A. Tella, Vidyulata Salunkhe

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Stroke is one of the most prevalent neurological diseases in the United States. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of infections in survivors of stroke. There is limited research evaluating the clinical outcomes of CAP in patients with stroke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with CAP and a history of stroke.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the University of Louisville Pneumonia Study database. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of a history of stroke. Clinical outcomes were length of …

Ovarian Cancer G Protein-Coupled Receptor 1 Inhibits A549 Cells Migration Through Casein Kinase 2Α Intronless Gene And Neutral Endopeptidase, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Puyam Milan Meitei, Takhellambam Chanu Machathoibi, Naorem Tarundas Singh, Thiyam Ramsing Singh, Lisam Shanjukumar Singh

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: We have previously reported that a new intronless gene for casein kinase 2α (CK2α), CSNK2A3, is expressed in human cells. The promoter of the well-known CK2α, CSNK2A1, displays characteristics of a housekeeping gene, whereas CSNK2A3 has a characteristic of a regulated promoter with two TATA boxes and a CAAT box. GPR68, a family of the G protein-coupled receptors, is also known as ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1). In the current study, we analyzed the roles of CK2α genes and neutral endopeptidase (NEP), a key enzyme that influences a variety of malignancies, in the OGR1-induced inhibition of A549 …

Retraction Note: Obesity-Induced Adipokine Imbalance Impairs Mouse Pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Function And Primes The Lung For Injury, Dilip Shah, Freddy Romero, Michelle Duong, Nadan Wang, Bishnuhari Paudyal, Benjamin T Suratt, Caleb B Kallen, Jianxin Sun, Ying Zhu, Kenneth Walsh, Ross Summer

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

The Authors have retracted this Article. Afer publication of this Article, concerns have been raised about irregularities in the western blot data. In particular, the following bands appear to be duplicated: – Fig. 1e HFD/p-Src lane 1 and 3; – Fig. 4c NCD/Ve-cadherin lane 1 and 3 – Fig. 5e HFD+APN/ICAM-1 lane 1 and 2 – Fig. 5f HFD/beta-catenin lane 2 and HFD+APN/beta-catenin lane 1 – Fig. S1d HFD/beta-catenin all lanes – Fig. S4c NCD/beta-catenin lane 1 and 3. Additionally, the beta-catenin subpanel in Fig. 5f was subsequently reused in another study [1] and described as showing GRP87. Te Authors …

Path To Publication: A Peer Mentorship Model For Student-Lead Surgical Research, Usama Waqar, Hareem Rauf, Muskaan Abdul Qadir, Hina Inam

Medical College Documents

Early and sustained involvement in research is imperative for medical students to ensure better career prospects in addition to provision of high-quality, evidence-based care to patients. However, involvement of students in surgical research still remains limited, owing to inadequate research training. The current paper was planned to describe the structure of the "Path to Publication" series, incorporating peer mentorship with capacity-building research workshops for medical students. A total of 25 students were grouped into 8 surgical subspecialty groups to conduct research, supervised by experienced student research and faculty mentors. In addition, a series of research workshops were organized in synchronization …

Crossroads Of Drug Abuse And Hiv Infection: Neurotoxicity And Cns Reservoir, Shilpa Sonti, Kratika Tyagi, Amit Pande, René Daniel, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Mudit Tyagi

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Drug abuse is a common comorbidity in people infected with HIV. HIV-infected individuals who abuse drugs are a key population who frequently experience suboptimal outcomes along the HIV continuum of care. A modest proportion of HIV-infected individuals develop HIV-associated neurocognitive issues, the severity of which further increases with drug abuse. Moreover, the tendency of the virus to go into latency in certain cellular reservoirs again complicates the elimination of HIV and HIV-associated illnesses. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) successfully decreased the overall viral load in infected people, yet it does not effectively eliminate the virus from all latent reservoirs. Although ART increased …

Monitoring And Evaluation Of Patient Engagement In Health Product Research And Development: Co-Creating A Framework For Community Advisory Boards, Sevgi E. Fruytier, Lidewij Eva Vat, Rob Camp, François Houÿez, Hilde De Keyser, Denise Dunne, Davide Marchi, Laura Mckeaveney, Richard H. Pitt, Carina A.C.M. Pittens, Meagan F. Vaughn, Elena Zhuravleva, Tjerk Jan Schuitmaker-Warnaar

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: While patient engagement is becoming more customary in developing health products, its monitoring and evaluation to understand processes and enhance impact are challenging. This article describes a patient engagement monitoring and evaluation (PEME) framework, co-created and tailored to the context of community advisory boards (CABs) for rare diseases in Europe. It can be used to stimulate learning and evaluate impacts of engagement activities.

Methods: A participatory approach was used in which data collection and analysis were iterative. The process was based on the principles of interactive learning and action and guided by the PEME framework. Data were collected via …

Impact Of Pooling Samples On Analytic Sensitivity Of A Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase Pcr Assay For Sars Cov-2, Subathra Marimuthu, Stephen P. Furmanek, Holly Aliesky, Leslie A. Wolf

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

During the COVID-19 pandemic, laboratories experienced periods of shortages for certain critical materials required to meet the high demand for SARS-CoV-2 testing. The U.S. Food & Drug Administration provided a template for molecular diagnostic testing, including guidance for a specimen pooling process in order to evaluate performance of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification assay. This study aimed to evaluate the testing of pooled specimens consisting of four nasopharyngeal swab specimens using the Luminex ARIES^® nucleic acid amplification platform. Results indicated that there was a loss of analytic sensitivity with pooled nasopharyngeal swab samples, demonstrating that this approach should be …