Occupational Therapy Commons^™

The Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration (Mnri®): A Scoping Review, Lucretia A. Berg, Daniela Brown, Kaylee Kroll, Chandler Pfaff, Lesli Cleveland

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background. The Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration (MNRI^®) method emerged from Russia in the 1990s as an intervention to improve maturation, development, and functional abilities for a variety of clients. MNRI^® has since become an emerging intervention in occupational therapy in the US, particularly with pediatric clients. The evidence supporting use of MNRI^® remains limited.

Method. Using updates by Levac and colleagues (2010) to the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) process for scoping review, databases and the MNRI^®website were searched. Fourteen unique articles were identified and reviewed. Articles were categorized by common characteristics and …

Three-Dimensional Motion Analysis For Occupational Therapy Upper Extremity Assessment And Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review, Stephen W. Hill, Samantha Mong, Quyen Vo

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) human motion analysis provides objective, quantitative, and reliable kinematic data that are valuable in rehabilitation. Clinicians, including occupational therapists and other specialists, can apply this technology to quantify patients’ upper extremity (UE) motion during functional tasks. A better comprehension of altered body mechanics serves to guide clinical reasoning, develop evidence-based interventions, and monitor patients’ progress through follow-up. However, the scientific literature has yet to emphasize the practicality of using 3D motion analysis as a clinical measurement tool.

Method: This scoping review appraised 20 articles that used 3D motion analysis to quantify UE movements for individuals …

The Occupational Impact Of Mass Shootings: A Qualitative Study Of Survivor Accounts, Ashley Ellsworth, Susan Macdermott, Bridget Scheidler

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: As mass shootings continue to persist in the United States, their occupational impact on victims needs further understanding. The purpose of this study was to examine stories shared by survivors of mass shootings to determine whether changes in occupational participation, performance, and fulfillment of meaningful roles and performance patterns occurred following the incident.

Method: Unobtrusive methods were used to collect and analyze publicly accessible audiovisual and written records following a qualitative research design. Themes were developed through thematic analysis.

Results: Victims at varying degrees of association to the event experienced changes in their occupational performance, participation, …

Professional Misfits: “You’Re Having To Perform . . . All Week Long”, Brenda L. Beagan, Kaitlin R. Sibbald, Tara M. Pride, Stephanie R. Bizzeth

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Occupational therapy professes commitment to equity and justice, and research is growing concerning the experiences of clients from marginalized groups. To date, almost no research explores the professional experiences of therapists from marginalized groups. This qualitative study explores how exclusion operates in the profession among colleagues.

Method: Grounded in critical phenomenology, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 occupational therapists who self-identified as racialized, disabled, ethnic minority, minority sexual/gender identity (LGBTQ+), and/or from working-class backgrounds. Iterative analysis was conducted using constant comparison and employing ATLAS.ti for team coding.

Results: Across identity groups, four processes of exclusion …

Client-Centered Practice When Professional And Social Power Are Uncoupled: The Experiences Of Therapists From Marginalized Groups, Brenda L. Beagan, Kaitlin R. Sibbald, Tara M. Pride, Stephanie R. Bizzeth

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Client-centeredness is foundational to occupational therapy, yet virtually no research has examined this aspect of practice as experienced by therapists from marginalized groups. The discourse of client-centeredness implicitly assumes a “dominant-group” therapist. Professional power is assumed to be accompanied by social power and privilege. Here, we explore what happens when professional and social power are uncoupled.

Method: In-depth interviews grounded in critical phenomenology were conducted with Canadian therapists (n = 20) who self-identified as disabled, minority sexual/gender identity (LGBTQ+), racialized, ethnic minority, and/or from working-class backgrounds. Iterative thematic analysis employed constant comparison using ATLAS.ti for team coding. …

Longevity: Celebrating 10 Years Of Ojot Publication With Occupational Therapy Experts, Diane Powers Dirette

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

No abstract provided.

Effective Occupational Therapy Interventions To Decrease Picky Eating In Children: A Systematic Review, Savannah L. Jacobsen, Josie Cox, Alli Bos, Cherokee Ferguson, Stacey Smallfield, Molly Whitlow

Student Systematic Reviews: Occupational Therapy

PURPOSE: Picky eating is related to the lack of consumption in food variety by children when shown different foods (Wolstenholme et al., 2020). A 2015 study reported that almost half of children experience a period of picky eating at some point during early childhood, including almost 15% of children for whom picky eating does not resolve by age 6 (Cardona et al., 2015). The purpose of this systematic review is to identify interventions within the scope of occupational therapy that increase food acceptance in children under the age of seven years who demonstrate picky eating characteristics and who have no …

Occupational Therapy Students' Perceptions Of Their Own Notetaking, Marie-Christine Potvin, Monique C. Chabot, Kathleen Carr

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Notetaking is a critical skill for higher-level thinking and information integration in graduate students, including occupational therapy students. Though there is a growing body of literature about notetaking modalities, strategies utilized, and self-perceptions of skills in college students, studies about occupational therapy (OT) students’ notetaking preferences have been absent from the literature. This study examines how OT students take notes and their perceptions of their notes. Method: This descriptive study of students in a Master of Occupational Therapy program (n=57) completed the Notetaking Abilities and Strategies of University Students (NASUS) questionnaire which captures the constructs of notetaking methods, reasons …

Influence Of Years Of Experience On Clinical Competence Of Novice Physical And Occupational Therapists In Japan, Hiroaki Sakurai, Soichiro Koyama, Shigeo Tanabe, Kazuya Takeda, Yoshikiyo Kanada

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: To increase the clinical competence of novice physical and occupational therapists, an accurate assessment of their clinical competence is necessary. However, no previous study has objectively analyzed the changes in novice therapists’ clinical competence in Japan. Hence, this study investigated and evaluated the changes in the clinical competence of such therapists using an objective analysis. Method: The study included 34 novice therapists with 1–3 years of experience in clinical practice. Participants were divided into groups according to their years of experience. The clinical competence of the novice therapists was evaluated twice using a clinical competency evaluation scale. For comparison …

Assessment Of Inter-Instrument Reliability For Dominant Handgrip Dynamometry And Spirometry, Nnamdi Mgbemena, Anne Jones, Anthony Leicht

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the inter-instrument reliability of different dynamometers and spirometers commonly used in clinical practice. Methods: The study involved 113 healthy volunteers across three facility sites. At each site, dominant handgrip strength (DHGS), and lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV₁], forced vital capacity [FVC] and peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR]), were compared using a local and reference device. Assessments were randomized with five minutes rest between measurements. Significant differences between devices were assessed using paired t-test while relative reliability between devices was determined via intra-class correlations (ICC). Accuracy …

Assessment And Diagnostic Practices Relating To Autism Spectrum Disorder In The United States And Mexico, Maria Valdez, Jessica R. Stewart, Wan-Lin Chang, Ruth Crutchfield, Ralph Carlson

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The present study examined and compared professional assessment and diagnostic practices relating to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Mexico and the United States (U.S.). This information is of great importance because there is an extremely limited amount of information pertaining the assessment and diagnostic practices for ASD in Mexico and little is known about how these practices compare to those in the U.S. Methods: Archival data from a survey investigating ASD in the U.S. and Mexico was used for this study. Participants included 29 professionals from the U.S. and 7 professionals from Mexico. Professionals were from a variety of …

Assessing The Effectiveness Of The Mover Program For Treating Attention Deficit In Children (Mover: Movement Opportunities Through Vestibular Engagement Rhythm), Lindsay B. Williams, Camille Skubik-Peplaski

Student Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of participation in a movement- to music program on the attention span of elementary school-aged children who have attention deficits. The hypothesis was that participants would demonstrate improved attention on the Test of Sustained Selective Attention (TOSSA) (Kovacs, 2015).

Methods: This quantitative study involved nine children who participated in four movement-to-music sessions with a staggered stop over a period of six weeks. The study incorporated a single group pre-test/post-test design, and a non-parametric Sign Test was utilized to analyze data from the TOSSA subcategories of concentration, detection, …

Resilience Development In Children With Adverse Childhood Experiences: The Role Of The Occupational Therapist And The Interdisciplinary Team, Kayla Frederick

Student Journal of Occupational Therapy

Research has revealed adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have a negative effect on a child’s development and put a child at an increased risk of physical and mental health problems in adulthood including obesity, diabetes, depressed mood, and attempted suicide (Anda et al., 2006; Felitti et al., 1998; Gilbert et al., 2015; Putamen, 2006). Some children have been able to counteract the negative effects of ACEs and achieve positive life outcomes using a principle called resilience (Zolkoski & Bullock, 2012). While researchers have begun to identify the key skills and character traits associated with resilience in children, few have explored …

Higher Amyloid Correlates To Greater Loneliness During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Abigail L. Kehrer-Dunlap, Rebecca M. Bollinger, Szu-Wei Chen, Audrey Keleman, Anne Fagan, Beau M. Ances, Regina Thompson, Susan L. Stark

Data and Supporting Files

This dataset contains measures of loneliness, anxiety, and depression from a cross-sectional study conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults responded by either phone or email surveys. Variables include self-report measures of psychosocial symptoms - loneliness, anxiety, and depression.

An Integrative Review Of Clinical Outcome Assessments Used To Measure Carryover Effects Of Exoskeletons And Functional Electrical Stimulation In Spinal Cord Injury, Martha K. Childress, Olivia M. Biller, Nicole Gerhardt, Ms, Otr/L, Cbis, Namrata Grampurohit, Phd, Otr/L, Rachel Y. Kim, Otd, Otr/L, Mj Mulcahey, Phd, Otr/L

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Introduction

• Functional electrical stimulation (FES) and exoskeletons are rehabilitation technologies that provide direct functional ability and potential carryover effects
• Carryover effects may be due to neuromuscular recovery, behavioral compensation, or a combination of both (Figure 1)
• Clinical outcome assessments (COAs) are used to measure recovery of function with and without the device on

Engaging Stakeholders As Advisors On The Design Of A Large-Scale Calibration Study Of The Spinal Cord Injury Movement Index (Sci-Mi) Item Pools, Olivia M. Biller, Otdc, Jason Biundo, Bs, Edward S.-L. Mitchell, Mba, Ernest Ofori, Mb Chb, Lmcc, Bonnie Richardson, Rachel Y. Kim, Otd, Otrl/L, Nicole Gerhardt, Ms, Otr/L, Cbis, M.J. Mulcahey, Phd, Otr/L, Fasia

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Introduction

• People living with spinal cord injury (SCI) in North America are involved in the following as stake holders in research: identifying priorities for research; planning interventions; and implementing rehabilitation or peer-support interventions.
• The best practice is for partnerships to span the continuum of research.
• Project purpose: to collaborate with an advisory board of individuals living with SCI, to make recommendations for the methods of a large-scale calibration study of the Spinal Cord Injury Movement Index )SCI-MI).
• The SCI-MI is being developed as a SCI clinical trial outcome assessment to evaluate the construct of movement in the context of function …

Adaptation With Injury, Family Role Responsibilities, & Social Support After Distal Radius Fracture (Drf), Hajra Batool

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This study is a qualitative interpretive descriptive study aimed at elucidating the impact of distal radius fracture (DRF) on patients' activities of daily living (ADLs), professional and familial duties, and social support during the healing process. The study focuses on fracture healing during the immobilization phase of injury. This study lies in the constructivist paradigm employing the interpretive description method. A total of 20 participants with DRF in casts were recruited by purposeful sampling from the Hand & Upper limb Centre, St. Joseph’s Hospital enrolled and interviewed over the telephone. Data was analyzed by Braun and Clarke’s Thematic Analysis Approach. …

Refinement & Preliminary Examination Of A Fidelity Assessment For The Spinal Cord Injury -- Movement Index (Sci-Mi), Nicole Gerhardt, Otd(C), Otr/L

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Introduction: Assessment fidelity refers to the adherence to intended procedures and guidelines when administering an assessment (Mowbray et al., 2003; Walton et al., 2020). Clinical outcome assessments (COAs) play a crucial role in the assessment of treatment effects in clinical trials. However, there is a scarcity of fidelity assessments for COAs, which has the potential to impact the accurate evaluation of treatment effects (Richardson et al., 2016). The Spinal Cord Injury Movement Index (SCI-MI) is a performance-based COA being developed with the intent to be used in spinal cord injury (SCI) clinical trials. As the stakes in SCI clinical trials …

An Occupational Therapy Guidebook For Individuals With Substance Use Disorder, Cassidy B. Ardoin

Student Capstone Projects

Individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) experience barriers and challenges that impact their daily occupational performance, engagement, well-being, and quality of life. In addition to disrupting and distorting an individual’s unique occupational outcomes, SUDs can limit, replace, and dictate an individual’s daily meaningful activities, habits, routines, and skills that support healthy occupational engagement. Occupational therapy (OT) practitioners have a unique and valuable role in SUDs treatment as they are equipped to identify these barriers and implement strategies for supportive skill development or restoration. Based on the literature review conducted, OT practitioners do not have an OT practice guideline, protocol, or …

Notes From An Epicenter: Navigating Behavioral Clinical Trials On Autism Spectrum Disorder Amid The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Bronx, Alaina S Berruti, Roseann C Schaaf, Emily A Jones, Elizabeth Ridgway, Rachel L. Dumont, Benjamin E Leiby, Catherine Sancimino, Misung Yi, Sophie Molholm

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted nearly all facets of our daily lives, and clinical research was no exception. Here, we discuss the impact of the pandemic on our ongoing, three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) in Autism: Mechanisms and Effectiveness (NCT02536365), which investigates the immediate and sustained utility of SIT to strengthen functional daily-living skills and minimize the presence of maladaptive sensory behaviors in autistic children.

Main text: In this text, we detail how we navigated the unique challenges that the pandemic brought forth between the years 2020 and 2021, including the need to rapidly …