Public Health and Community Nursing Commons^™

"Program Evaluation On The Use Of The Screening, Brief Intervention And Referral To Treatment (Sbirt) Process In Primary Care Physician Offices", Lisa Sanchez-Navarro

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Manuscripts

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an early screening intervention tool for individuals with non-dependent substance use, which is employed to identify and provide care before a patient needs extensive specialized treatment. SBIRT can be used in primary care settings, to methodically screen individuals who might not seek help for a substance use issue (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, [CMS], 2020). Gaps in using the SBIRT screening process were identified within the insurance organization’s PCP practices, therefore, a program evaluation was completed to: (a) determine whether Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) were using the SBIRT process, (b) …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Aaron Mcneilan

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The following poster presentation provides a brief overview of the disease process of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide, and its incidence does not appear to be declining. The most common factor causing COPD is cigarette smoking, which is modifiable. Other contributors are environmental air pollutants which some people may encounter depending on where they live or their occupation. This presentation is a culmination of information from different scholarly sources which discuss the symptoms, pathophysiology, causes, management, and prevention of COPD.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Pathophysiology And Chronic Health Implications, Makilah Witt

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. If untreated, women suffer a myriad of secondary sequala and chronic diseases. The prevalence of PCOS is rising and greatly impacts patients' physical, mental, and emotional health, diminishes community health, and increases healthcare costs. However, many providers fail to properly diagnose patients, understand how this disease impacts women, or provide appropriate interventions to prevent chronic health problems. This paper outlines the pathophysiology of PCOS, identifies signs and symptoms, and provides recommendations for treatment and holistic patient care for the role of the Advance Practice Nurse.

Indian Healthcare System: Reflections Of Swedish Nursing Students, Elisabeth Mangrio

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Internationalization within nursing programs is essential to provide nurses with cultural competence and for nursing students to gain an international perspective. It has also been shown to be effective to gain a cultural understanding. This paper aims to illuminate and explain the experiences that Swedish nursing students had while they engaged in clinical training during an exchange program in India and to provide a comparison between the health service in both countries. Nursing students from Sweden did a four-week clinical placement within the primary healthcare in India in 2020. During the clinical placement, which consisted of a variety of healthcare …

Developing Outpatient, Clinic-Based Education For Patients With Diabetes And Prediabetes, Ruth Ann Slayton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Abstract Education and support provided to the newly diagnosed prediabetic or Type 2 Diabetic are inadequate in the outpatient arena. In rural areas, instruction for diabetes is minimal to nonexistent, and patients are paying for this with their health and lives many times. The financial burden of diabetes in the United States is astronomical. The loss of life and life quality is significantly high as well. A systems-based approach to education in the rural health clinic would be of great benefit and has proven to be enough to reverse or avoid the progression of the disease. A clinic or field-based …

Bringing Hospital And Community Together: Interventions To Bridge The Transitional Care Gap, Jeremy Yates

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem

As healthcare spending continues to increase and overall quality lags in comparison to other developed countries, hospital readmission has been targeted to increase quality while decreasing cost. Components of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) have placed an emphasis on preventative and transitional care which has created programs aimed at reducing readmission, including the Community Health Access Programs (CHAP). One program in St. Louis, Missouri consisted of advanced practice paramedics and an occupational therapy assistant that performed discharge follow-up through in-home, in-office, and telephone visits. An in-depth program evaluation can create a foundation to build other programs in communities …

Improving Outcomes For Sexual Assault Patients In Alignment With Hiv Npep Clinical Guidelines, Maria Dahlke, Rachel Kanz

Nursing DNP Projects

Purpose and Rationale

The purpose of this project is to improve the follow-up care given to adult patients, 18 years and older, who require human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) treatment after a sexual assault. The goal is to determine if organizational alignment with HIV nPEP clinical guidelines through staff education improves medication adherence for adult sexual assault patients. Currently, sexual assault survivors have the lowest medication adherence rate to HIV nPEP among those at risk for HIV.

Synthesis of Evidence

The evidence supports the standardization of care for sexual assault patients' individual needs. Educating health care professionals …

Factors Influencing Rural Women’S Physical Activity Behaviors: A Social Ecological Perspective, Karen Lynn Webb

Nursing ETDs

ABSTRACT

Chronic disease and poor mental health are disproportionally impacting adults living in rural America. Regular physical activity has been shown to promote overall well-being and prevent many chronic diseases. Yet, research shows that many rural adults do not engage in enough physical activity to meet the recommended levels put forth by the federal government. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore and describe the experiences of physical activity as perceived by rural women in their own words. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews of 20 women aged 25 to 34 living in McDowell County, West …

County Youth Athletics Response To Covid-19 Pandemic, Elise Schaller

Dissertations

Problem: To ensure safe participation in youth athletics and prevent COVID-19 transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic, St. Louis County Department of Public Health (DPH) implemented Youth Sports Guidelines on October 14, 2020. This project aimed to identify level of adherence to precautions listed in the guidelines at six county public high school athletic events.

Methods: An observational descriptive study design was used to monitor guideline adherence at high school athletic events. Two observers tallied violations by participants and spectators to Youth Sports Guidelines at St. Louis County public high school athletic events. Six high-frequency contact (basketball and wrestling) events …

Intimate Partner Violence Education For High School Students, Morgan Foster

Dissertations

Problem Adolescents are at risk for experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). As early as seventh grade, over half of adolescents have reported being in a romantic relationship. Adolescent screening for and education of IPV is minimal, and only the Healthy Relationships Quiz developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS] screens young adolescents across all aspects of IPV, including psychological and sexual violence. The purpose of this project was to develop an IPV education plan for high school students in a health course.

Methods An educational lesson plan for IPV was created for high school teachers.

Results …

Mental Health Concerns Of Frontline Registered Nurses Associated With The Covid-19 Pandemic, Julie Ingle

Dissertations

Problem

COVID-19 caused local healthcare facilities to admit patients with COVID-19 at increasing rates, critically overloading healthcare system resources. Caregiver-related stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic placed frontline registered nurses (RNs) at risk for mental health consequences (Havlioglu & Demir, 2020; Shechter et al.,2020).

Methods

This quality improvement project used a descriptive design to administer a collection of validated instruments assessing anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and demographics. A purposive sample of RNs were recruited from the COVID-19 units in a local hospital, and the survey was distributed via email.

Results

During the implementation period (April 4, 2021-May 15, …

Youth Sports In A Pandemic Age, Robert Bohnert

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: Youth sporting events is a public health concern as infected youth with coronavirus disease 2019 may unknowingly spread the virus, as many show little to no symptoms (Zimmerman & Nigel, 2020). This project aimed to identify level of adherence to posted Youth Sports Guidelines, which were designed to mitigate the spread of virus at youth sporting events.

Methods: An observational descriptive design was utilized. Two observers tallied guideline violations by participants and spectators at six high-contact (basketball) and six low-contact (swimming) public high school youth sporting events.

Results: A total of 726 youth sport participants and 139 …

Health Disparities And Covid-19 Pandemic: Increasing Clinical Research Participation Among African Americans, Kashica J. Webber-Ritchey, Abbi D. Lane-Cordova

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Health disparities in African Americans is a persistent issue. Higher rates and severity of the novel coronavirus-19 [COVID-19] among African Americans only widens health disparities. Effective COVID-19 treatment options are imperative, requiring representation of African Americans in clinical research. However, low participation and under-representation of African Americans is complex in nature. This article describes health disparities, the impact of COVID-19, and participation in clinical research among African Americans. We offer strategies for researchers to enhance the inclusion of African Americans. We also offer strategies in conducting clinical research during COVID-19.

Hypertension Education And Management Intervention (Hemi) In The Urgent Care Setting, Conrad L. Cash

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Hypertension, being a very prominent disease, is a common problem found during urgent care visits. By beginning in the urgent care setting, hypertension management can be started early; thereby preventing complications from uncontrolled hypertension.

Purpose: This DNP project aimed to improve patient knowledge of hypertension and overall blood pressure readings by providing one-to-one provider-patient education.

Design Method: This DNP quality improvement project was a pre- and post-test design using quantitative data. The goal was to access if there was a change in patient education pre, post, and three months follow-up along with a change in blood pressure.

Results: …

Perseverance: A Focused Ethnographic Study Of The Emergency Triage Nurse, Ellen C. Smithline

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: The emergency triage process is not meeting the needs of the patient or the healthcare team. Current and past research has focused primarily on the emergency triage nurse’s ability to accurately designate the triage acuity score, while largely ignoring the impacts of the complex and dynamic environment in which they are immersed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the factors that influence the decision-making process of the emergency triage nurse (ETN). Method: This was a focused ethnographic study that included four phases. Phase 1 was the grand tour of the emergency triage and waiting room area. …

Nurse-Delivered Shoe-Lacing Intervention: Effect On Comfort And Toe Pressures For Active Community-Dwelling Adults (Age 65+), Mary C. Clayton-Jones

Doctoral Dissertations

Significance: Problems with shoe fit are endemic, affect gait and balance and lead to falls. Falls are physically, emotionally, and economically costly. Low-cost, easily implemented interventions, that reduce pain and improve balance meet the “triple aim” of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Purpose: Evaluate the impact on community-dwelling adults (65+) of two nursing interventions involving foot repositioning and shoe relacing. Outcome measures: Toe pressures, experiences of pain and comfort. Method: Repeated-measures, mixed-methods lab-based study. Walk #1 Control. Intervention #1, participant’s heel secured to back of shoe, the participant’s chosen lacing pattern snugged. Intervention #2, heel secured to back of …

How Do Community Dwelling Non-English Speaking Patients And Caregivers Perceive Their Medication Management?, Julia Cosner, Sarah Miner, Yvette Conyers

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

Non-English-speaking individuals face a linguistic and cultural barrier to managing prescribed medications in the community. Wilson et al. (2005) found that limited English proficient (LEP) patients reported more misunderstanding and negative drug reactions when taking prescribed medication compared to English-speaking patients. Not only is the inappropriate management of medication dangerous, but it is also a disparity in health care that is inequitable. The purpose of this literature review is to collect community-dwelling non-English-speaking patient and caregiver experiences with managing medication. These perspectives will highlight what is successful and what needs to be improved regarding non-English-speaking patient medication interactions. Literature suggests …

James Davidson Fawcett (1933–2020): Imbibing With The Kiwi., Louis A. Somma

Papers in Herpetology

An obituary and summary of the life of James D. Fawcett (1933-2020), herpetologist and instructor and professor of Biology at University of Nebraska at Omaha 1972-2015. Includes bibliography of his works, list of master's theses chaired, and recollections of former students.

Identifying Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces) In A Federally Qualified Health Center Using The Pediatric Aces And Related Life Events Screener, Melody Albarran-Slovin, Bsn, Rn

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Background: Evidence links adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to health issues later in life. Most research has been conducted in adults but there is a lack of recent research on the impact of ACEs in the pediatric population particularly in relation to mental health conditions. Utilizing the Pediatric ACEs Screener (PEARLS) health care providers can screen for ACEs at earlier ages.

Purpose: The aim of this evidence-based project is to determine if there is an increase of newly diagnosed mental health related disorders when using PEARLS compared to not using PEARLS in the previous months before implementation.

Methods: ACEs were identified …

Standardized Education On Physician Orders For Life Sustaining Treatment (Polst) Conversations, Venessa Oteniya

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

According to research literature, 15% of Medicare beneficiaries spend more than 7 days in the intensive care unit before they die. These Medicare beneficiaries receive aggressive, life-prolonging medical treatments that might not be in agreement with their wishes. Approximately 13% of SNF residents have improperly completed POLST forms that can result in intensive treatments that patients did not want. One barrier to the lack of POLST completion in SNFs is staff difficulty with understanding and explaining the form, a result of inadequate education.

In August 2020, the San Diego Coalition for Compassionate Care formed an education program to provide virtual …