Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Mild And Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Longitudinally Profiled Using High-Resolution Metabolomics, Ali Yilmaz, Sigal Liraz Zaltsman, Esther Shohami, Juozas Gordevicius, Jack E. Sherman, Ray Bahado-Singh, Stewart F. Graham

Conference Presentation Abstracts

No abstract provided.

An Epi-Metabolomics Approach For Studying Epigenetic And Metabolic Changes In Alzheimer’S Disease Brain, Nadia Ashrafi, Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah, Ali Yilmaz, Sumeyya Akyol, Juozas Gordevicius, Stewart Graham

Conference Presentation Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Symptoms Of Maternal Psychological Distress During Pregnancy: Sex-Specific Effects For Neonatal Morbidity, Sandra J. Weiss, Joseph Musana

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objectives: Maternal psychological distress during pregnancy has been associated with preterm birth. However, little is known about the relationship of a woman’s psychological symptoms during pregnancy to the infant’s morbidity at birth or any differential effects of these symptoms on female vs. male fetuses. Our research aims addressed these gaps.

Methods: A total of 186 women were enrolled between 24 and 34 weeks gestation when demographic information was acquired and they completed the Brief Symptom Inventory to measure psychological distress. Data on gestational age at birth, fetal sex, and neonatal morbidity was extracted from the medical record. To control for …

Ambient Temperature During Pregnancy And Risk Of Maternal Hypertensive Disorders: A Time-To-Event Study In Johannesburg, South Africa, Chérie Part, Jean Le Roux, Matthew Chersichb, Shobna Sawry, Véronique Filippi, Nathalie Roos, Lee Fairlie, Britt Nakstad, Jeroen De Bont, Stanley Luchters

Institute for Human Development

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. We evaluate the effects of ambient temperature on risk of maternal hypertensive disorders throughout pregnancy. We used birth register data for all singleton births (22–43 weeks' gestation) recorded at a tertiary-level hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa, between July 2017–June 2018. Time-to-event analysis was combined with distributed lag non-linear models to examine the effects of mean weekly temperature, from conception to birth, on risk of (i) high blood pressure, hypertension, or gestational hypertension, and (ii) pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, or HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets). Low …

Pregnancy Following Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Bilateral Endometriotic Cystectomy Rare Case Report Of Endometriosis Stage Iv, Willbroad Kyejo, Ally Zain Ismail, Brenda Moshi, Gregory Ntiyakunze, Nancy Matillya, Munawar Kaguta

Family Medicine, East Africa

Introduction and importance: Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility in women. In this case report we explain successful conception in deep-infiltrating ovarian endometriosis following robot-assisted surgery and androgenic agonist treatment.

Case presentation: A 38-year-old current Para 2, Living 2 presented 8 years ago with chronic lower abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, and delayed conception. Advance endometriosis was highly suspected from the history and examination. Robot-assisted laparoscopic partial cystectomy was performed for the deep-infiltrating ovarian endometriosis. She was then discharged with postoperative androgenic agonists and with timed intercourse, she got pregnant within 9 months.

Clinical discussion: Advanced endometriosis (Stage III or …

“Do Not Detach The Placenta From My Baby's Cord” - Lotus Birth Case Series From Tanzania Tertiary Hospital, Willbroad Kyejo, Davis Rubagumya, Christian Mwalo, Lynn Moshi, Munawar Kaguta, Miriam Mgonja, Shweta Jaiswal

Family Medicine, East Africa

Introduction: Lotus birth is seldom practiced, with its prevalence being not well documented. There is no clear existing guideline or pathway for this practice. Safety in delivery as well as caring for newborn and her mother is of paramount importance. Hence, clarity for Lotus delivery in any set up is indispensable.

Cases findings: We have described on case series approach to women who opted to delivery without detachment of placenta. We have described delivery characteristics, neonatal clinical course, cord, and placenta manage- ment. In year 2022 at our center, we have received two cases of lotus delivery.

Conclusion and …

Generalisability Of Deep Learning Models In Low-Resource Imaging Settings: A Fetal Ultrasound Study In 5 African Countries, Carla Sendra-Balcells, V´Ictor M. Campello, Jordina Torrents-Barrena, Yahya Ali Ahmed, Mustafa Elattar, Benard Ohene Botwe, Pempho Nyangulu, William Stones, Sikolia Wanyonyi, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Most artificial intelligence (AI) research and innovations have concentrated in high-income countries, where imaging data, IT infrastructures and clinical expertise are plentiful. However, slower progress has been made in limited-resource environments where medical imaging is needed. For example, in Sub-Saharan Africa the rate of perinatal mortality is very high due to limited access to antenatal screening. In these countries, AI models could be implemented to help clinicians acquire fetal ultrasound planes for diagnosis of fetal abnormalities. So far, deep learning models have been proposed to identify standard fetal planes, but there is no evidence of their ability to generalise in …

Menstrual Irregularities Following Covid-19 Vaccination: A Global Cross-Sectional Survey, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Muzna Sarfraz, Zainab Nadeem, Miguel Felix, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination generates protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is no clear evidence of COVID-19 vaccine-induced menstrual irregularities.
Objective: To identify potential menstrual irregularities following COVID-19 vaccine among females.
Methods: A worldwide cross-sectional survey study was conducted from June 10, 2021, to July 10, 2021 using online mediums. The survey consisted of 15 questions divided into baseline characteristics, vaccination status and dosage, menstruation and relate factors, and thoughts and knowledge about menstrual irregularities. Non-probability convenience sampling method was used including 510 responses. The results were tabulated, with bivariate analysis and chi-square test results. The sensitivity …

Rate Of Conversion Of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy In Patient With Previous Upper Abdominal Surgery, Mohamed Helal, Mohammed Sharaf, Alsayed Aboulyazied

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: There are still a considerable percentage of patients in whom laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) cannot be successfully performed and conversion to open surgery is required. The potential risks have dissuaded some surgeons from using the laparoscopic procedure in patients with symptomatic gallstones and previous upper abdominal surgery (UAS). Aim of the study : The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of Conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patient with previous upper abdominal surgery. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective study included collected records of 50 patients underwent cholecystectomy with previous upper abdominal surgery to detect rate of …

Post-Cardiac Surgery Leukocytosis: Associations, Predictors, And The Role Of Prophylactic Antibiotics, Marwa Mohamed, Wasiem Mohammed, Ehab Farag

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Cardiac surgery has long been recognized to cause an inflammatory response. When an inflammatory reaction is triggered, the white blood cell (WBC) count rises, which is known as leukocytosis. We aimed to describe the association between post-operative leukocytosis and baseline characteristics, operative characteristics, and postoperative outcomes. Patients and Methods: This was a hospital-based, single-center, observational study, conducted at Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Najran, KSA, during the period from September 2021 to May 2022. A total of 150 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) Surgery and/or valve surgery within the Cardiac surgery department during the study period, were …

Evaluation Of Leptomeningeal Enhancement In Patients With Multiple Sclerosis, Ebrahem Shabana, Essam Ebrahim, Mustafa Shakweer, Mohammed Rashad

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory with overlapping demyelinating and neurodegenerative phases of the central nervous system (CNS) with large attribution to progressive neurological disability in MS by the latter phase. Grey matter atrophy has been found to have a role in neurodegenerative etiology and has a greater link to impairment than white matter abnormalities. Many investigations have shown a link between leptomeningeal inflammation in the form of ectopic lymphocytic aggregates and cortical disease. Aim of the study : To evaluate the value of detection of Leptomeningeal enhancement in patients with various phenotypes of multiple sclerosis patients as prognostic …

Thyroid Abnormalities Among Egyptian Patients With End Stage Renal Disease On Regular Hemodialysis, Amer Fawzy, Fawzy Hassan, Farag Farag, Mohamed Morsy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Kidney impairment, even if just slightly, would affect the thyroid gland, creating numerous derangements in its function, and this renders dialysis cases more exposed to thyroid problems, with a consequent rise in death rate and morbidities. Aim of the study: to investigate thyroid abnormalities among Egyptian cases with end stage renal diseases (ESRD) on regular haemodialysis (HD). patients and Methods: This was cross-sectional observation report, 160 subject were enrolled at Al-Hussein Hospital, Al-Azhar University and National Institute of Nephrology and Urology during the period from June 2021 to December 2021. Result: There were significant correlation between FT3, TSH and …

Outcomes Of The Greater Trochanter Epiphysiodesis In Treatment Of Children With Hip Pathology, Muhammed Kamel, Ibrahim Abuomira, Amer Mostafa

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Many hip diseases in children can affect growth of the greater trochanter (GT), as a result, it is raised in relation to the femoral head. This disturbs normal biomechanics of hip joint and affect hip abductors. This problem is called Relative overgrowth of the greater trochanter (ROGT). Aim: Analysis of the radiological parameters of proximal femur after trochanteric epiphysiodesis. Patient and Methods: Twenty child with unilateral ROGT were included in this prospective study. Epiphysiodesis was done by multiple drill holes and a screw with washer. We analysed the short-term radiological outcomes of 20 individuals after treatment. Results: The surgery …

The Genetic Influence Of Vegfa Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (Snp) (Rs1570360) On The Risk, Disease Activity, And Severity In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients., Hany Ali, Rabab Mohamed, Samia Hassan, Enas A. Ablelaleem Ablelaleem, Rabab Bakry

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Abstract: Background: SLE is a chronic autoimmune illness in which numerous variables, including epigenetic, genetic, and environmental factors, interact to determine disease risk. The role of the VEGF single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SLE patients was assessed in the current study.Aim of The Work:TO determine whether the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1154G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk & disease activity. Patients and methods: The study included 50 SLE patients and 50 healthy controls. Full clinical assessment and laboratory investigations were done for the SLE patients. For both patients and controls, the (VEGF) …

Evaluation Of Yolk Sac Diameter, Gestational Sac Diameter And Embryonic Heart Rate As Prognostic Factors Of First Trimestric Outcome, Mohamed Soliman, Mohammad Hassanin, Bassem Abdel-Aziz

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Ultrasonography is a useful method for determining the status of early pregnancy.First trimester sonography is useful for dating, assessing a number of gestation, establishing location, and even detecting some early Malformation. In addition to documenting normal development, ultrasonography has high sensitivity for showing abnormalities of the gestional sac, yolk sac, and embryo that predict poor Outcome. Aim of the Study: To examine whether yolk sac diameter, gestional sac diameter and early embryonic heart rate (EHR) could serve as prognostic factors in evaluating pregnancy outcome. Patients and methods: This prospective cohort study that carried out on 200 patients in outpatient …

Joint Degeneration Cycle: A Novel Educational Model With Degenerative Intervertebral Disc Disease As An Example, Ahmed El-Sherif

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

A four-stations educational model is presented for understanding degenerative joint disorders. Using this model in patient education is supposed to bring maximum benefit from all treatment modalities. It could also be used in medical education to alert physicians to the importance of interventions targeting all the stations of the cycle. Joint stability is an important part of its function. It depends on the joint integrity, surrounding ligaments, and muscles. The imbalance between the forces involved in the joint function will accelerate its degeneration. The degenerative process involves anatomical arthropathic changes that usually aim at restoring joint stability. These arthropathic changes …

Role Of Pulmonary Rehabilitation In Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Mohamed Al-Tantawy, Mohammed Al-Sayd, Yasser Al-Sayd, Moaz Abd Al-Aty

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation is considered as a comprehensive intervention that advanced as a therapeutic option in patients of chronic respiratory disorders. Evidence based medicine has determined that pulmonary rehabilitation can reduce dyspnea, increase exercise tolerance and improve health related quality of life. Aim of the study: To assess PAH patients undergone pulmonary rehabilitation program while receiving medications compared with patients only received medical treatment. Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (NYHA Class II-III) according to clinical, radiological and their pulmonary artery catheter data were randomized equally into two groups with willing and ability to participate in …

Efficacy And Clinical Outcomes Of Intra-Articular Injection Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid For Knee Osteoarthritis, Adel Azzam, Emad Barakat, Abd El Shafy Hassib, Abd El Hamid Ghazaly, Mohammed Al Shorbagy, Khaled Amer

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have received considerable consideration as good potential nonsurgical treatment options for knee OA. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of PRP and HA injections in the treatment of knee OA. Patients and Methods: In this prospective randomized clinical study, Three weekly intra-articular injections were given to 40 individuals with knee OA (20 had PRP and 20 had HA). Clinical evaluations were conducted prior to and four weeks after the third injection. In every evaluation, goniometer-measured knee flexion ROM, Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) OA index, and pain …

Effectiveness Of Hysteroscopic Surgery For Intrauterine Lesions On Pregnancy Rates In Patients With Primary Infertility, Elsayed Abd Elaal, Ismail Al-Garhai, Adel Elboghdady

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Hysteroscopy, a technique of exploring and manipulating the endometrial cavity transcervically, has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of intrauterine illness in gynecologic practice. It is a minimally invasive procedure that may be used to analyze data and treat a variety of intrauterine and endocervical issues. Objective: The study's goal was to see whether there was a role for operational hysteroscopy in boosting pregnancy rates and decreasing patient complaints in women with primary infertility and identified intrauterine abnormalities. Patients and methods: This is prospective research that took place at Elhussein & Elsayed Galal University hospital, Al-Azhar University and this study …

Role Of Diagnostic Hysteroscopy In Cases With Unexplained Infertility, Ibrahim Nourag, Mohamed Mohamed, Saged Elmazzaly

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Infertility is a growing concern of the society. Hysteroscopy has become the gold standard for diagnosis of intrauterine abnormalities. Intrauterine lesions such as adhesions, uterine septum polyps or submucous myomas are diagnosed much more precisely by hysteroscopy and are detectable in 10-15% of women seeking subfertility therapy. Aim of the Work: to assess the role of hysteroscopy in the detection of undiagnosed uterine abnormalities in cases with unexplained infertility. Subjects and methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was carried out at the endoscopy unit in Al-Hussein and Sayed Galal hospitals on 100 women with unexplained infertility over a …