Qtl Analysis Of Mineral Content And Grass Tetany Potential In Leymus Wildryes,
2023
Utah State University
Qtl Analysis Of Mineral Content And Grass Tetany Potential In Leymus Wildryes, S. R. Larson, H. F. Mayland
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Grass tetany is a metabolic ailment in ruminants, occurring when animals graze rapidly growing C3 grasses with a K/(Mg+Ca) ratio (KRAT) greater than 2.2. High KRAT values have been documented in several forage grasses including diploid Russian wildrye (Jefferson et al., 2001). The objective of this experiment was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling KRAT in allotetraploid wildryes.
Crown Rust Resistance Of Italian Ryegrass Cultivar ‘Axis’ To An Isolate From Japan,
2023
National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan
Crown Rust Resistance Of Italian Ryegrass Cultivar ‘Axis’ To An Isolate From Japan, T. Kiyoshi, M. Hirata, T. Takamizo, H. Sato, Y. Mano, M. Fujimori
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Crown rust (Puccinia coronata) is one the most serious diseases of Italian ryegrass. Crown rust resistance genes in Italian ryegrass have been identified from 'Yamaiku130' and ‘Harukaze’. The aim of this study was to identify novel major resistance genes for gene pyramiding in order to develop cultivars with high levels of durable resistance to crown rust
Locating, And Utilising Festuca Pratensis Genes For Winter Hardiness For The Future Development Of More Persistent High Quality Lolium Cultivars,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Locating, And Utilising Festuca Pratensis Genes For Winter Hardiness For The Future Development Of More Persistent High Quality Lolium Cultivars, M. W. Humphreys, D. Gasior, A. Kosmala, O. A. Rognli, Z. Zwierzykowski, M. Rapacz
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Genes for freezing-tolerance and winter hardiness were located in Festuca pratensis by QTL analysis and introgression-mapping. QTL for freezing-tolerance on F. pratensis chromosome 4 were orthologous to rice chromosome 3, and Triticeae chromosome 5. Increased energy dissipation during the autumn through a lower maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) was correlated with improved winter survival. Freezing tolerance in Lolium was achieved by the transfer and subsequent expression of F. pratensis genes from chromosome 4 that govern the expression of a non-photochemical (NPQ) mechanism for the dissipation of excess light energy under low temperature.
Qtl Analysis Of Vernalisation Requirement And Heading Traits In Festuca Pratensis Huds.,
2023
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Qtl Analysis Of Vernalisation Requirement And Heading Traits In Festuca Pratensis Huds., Å Ergon, C. Fang, Ø. Jørgensen, T. S. Amalid, O. A. Rognli
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The transition from the vegetative phase to the reproductive phase occurs as a result of environmental and endogenous stimuli. In Festuca pratensis, low temperature and/or short days over a certain period (primary induction) followed by long days (secondary induction) will lead to heading and flowering (Heide, 1988). We present results from QTL mapping of vernalisation requirement and heading traits and mapping of the Vrn-1 ortholog in F. pratensis.
Consistency Of Qtl For Dollar Spot Resistance Between Greenhouse And Field Inoculations, Multiple Locations, And Different Population Sizes In Creeping Bentgrass,
2023
University of Wisconsin
Consistency Of Qtl For Dollar Spot Resistance Between Greenhouse And Field Inoculations, Multiple Locations, And Different Population Sizes In Creeping Bentgrass, N. Chakraborty, J. Bae, J. Curley, S. Warnke, M. Casler, S. Bughrara, G. Jung
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F. T. Bennett is the most economically important turf disease in North America. Previous work indicated differences among cultivars in their susceptibility to dollar spot (Bonos et al., 2003). Studies have indicated that dollar spot resistance might be quantitatively inherited (Bonos et al., 2003) but the number, location and effect of genomic regions conferring resistance is still not known. Therefore the objective of this research is to understand the effect of population size, inoculation assays, and field locations on QTL for dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass.
Structural And Functional Genomic Research In Model Legume Plants: The National Bioresource Project (Nbrp) In Japan,
2023
University of Miyazaki, Japan
Structural And Functional Genomic Research In Model Legume Plants: The National Bioresource Project (Nbrp) In Japan, S. Tsuruta, M. Hashiguchi, Ryo Akashi
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Lotus japonicus is a wild perennial plant with a small genome and a short life cycle. This plant is expected to play a role as the model organism of leguminous plants, which include important crop plants such as soybean (Glycine max). Legume Base, a resource centre for Lotus japonicus and Glycine max, was established in April 2004. The scope of Legume Base is the collection, development and conservation of the genetic resources of L. japonicus and G. max and the distribution of the material for utilization by the research community. DNA resources including genomic DNA clones will …
Detecting Fauna Habitat In Semi-Arid Grasslands Using Satellite Imagery,
2023
Charles Sturt University, Australia
Detecting Fauna Habitat In Semi-Arid Grasslands Using Satellite Imagery, N. A. Bruce, Ian D. Lunt, M. Abuzar, M. Mitchell
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Managing grasslands for biodiversity conservation is a relatively recent phenomenon and there is uncertainty over the most effective strategy. Past research has found that intermediate levels of disturbance (e.g. burning or grazing) may be required to maintain the natural mosaic of small-scale patterning required for a diverse range of flora and fauna species. For sustainable grassland management, appropriate methods of spatial assessment and temporal monitoring are required, to facilitate understanding of how past and present climate, land management and landscape features influence vegetation structure. Due to the expense and time-consuming nature of conventional ground-based monitoring, satellite remote-sensing techniques offer a …
The Milk Yield By Cinisara Cows In Different Management Systems: 2. Effect Of Season Of Production,
2023
Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
The Milk Yield By Cinisara Cows In Different Management Systems: 2. Effect Of Season Of Production, M. Alabiso, C. Giosuè, M. L. Alicata, G. Parrino
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Cinisara is a Sicilian autochthonous breed of dairy cow. Qualitative characteristics of milk yield are influenced by composition of pasture and its changes over the seasons (Di Grigoli et al., 2000). The grazing resource is characterized by notable variability, even in adjacent areas, because of different environmental conditions, such as aspect, the nature of soil and altitude. The aim of this research is to study the effect of season of production on qualitative characteristics of Cinisara cow milk in farms located at different altitudes.
A New Perennial Legume To Combat Dryland Salinity In South-Western Australia,
2023
The University of Western Australia
A New Perennial Legume To Combat Dryland Salinity In South-Western Australia, L. W. Bell, M. A. Ewing, M. Ryan, S. J. Bennett, G. A. Moore
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Dryland salinity has devastated large tracts of productive land in Australia. This has resulted from the clearing of native perennial vegetation and its replacement with annual crops and pastures. As annual plants are shallow rooted and only use water during their winter-spring growing season, unutilised rainwater leaks into groundwater tables which rise and bring stored salt to the soil surface. The adoption of deep rooted perennial pasture plants that increase the water use can help to manage dryland salinity whilst maintaining productivity. However, new plants are needed as few perennial pasture options currently exist. Preliminary research into the potential of …
An Evaluation Of Grazing Value Of Maize And Companion Crops For Wintering Lactating Ewes,
2023
Dundee Research Station, South Africa
An Evaluation Of Grazing Value Of Maize And Companion Crops For Wintering Lactating Ewes, E. A. Van Zyl, C. S. Dannhauser
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Northwestern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), in South Africa, is well known for its sheep production from natural rangeland in summer (October to May). During winter, however, the nutritional value of the rangeland cannot maintain young growing sheep or pregnant and lactating ewes. With this in mind, Lyle (1991) suggested the use of planted pastures for the winter. Crichton et al. (1998) and Esterhuizen & Niemand (1989) suggested the use of maize crop residues for both cattle and sheep during winter, whereas Moore (1997) evaluated grazing (not harvested) maize for this purpose. He found that the crude protein content of the crop was …
Heterogeneous Nutrient Distribution Across Dairy Grazing Systems In Southeastern Australia,
2023
Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia
Heterogeneous Nutrient Distribution Across Dairy Grazing Systems In Southeastern Australia, C. J. P. Gourley, I. Awty, P. A. Durling, J. Collins, A. Melland, S. R. Aarons
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The Australian dairy industry is largely based on a grazed pasture system, although most cows also consume substantial amounts of imported feed (Fulkerson & Doyle 2001). This trend is expected to increase as the Australian dairy industry continues to intensify. Fertiliser inputs of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulphur (S) are still viewed as necessary to maintain adequate pasture and milk production despite the fact that most dairy farms are in net positive balance for all of these nutrients (Reuter 2001). Nutrient losses from dairy farming regions and eutrophication of waterways has gained strong public and political attention …
Rainfall And Grazing Impacts On The Population Dynamics Of Bothriochloa Ewartiana In Tropical Australia,
2023
Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia
Rainfall And Grazing Impacts On The Population Dynamics Of Bothriochloa Ewartiana In Tropical Australia, D. M. Orr, Peter J. O'Reagain
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Bothriochloa ewartiana (desert bluegrass) is a palatable, native perennial (C4) grass of considerable importance to the northern Australian grazing industry. However, little is known of the interaction between grazing pressure and the highly variable rainfall found in this area, on its population dynamics. This paper reports interim results (1998-2004) from a long-term study, in which its population dynamics were examined under 3 grazing strategies.
Herbage Quality Of Dwarf Napier Grass Under A Rotational Cattle Grazing System Two Years After Establishment,
2023
University of Miyazaki, Japan
Herbage Quality Of Dwarf Napier Grass Under A Rotational Cattle Grazing System Two Years After Establishment, Yasuyuki Ishii, A. A. Sunusi, M. M. Mukhtar, Sachiko Idota, Kiichi Fukuyama
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Dwarf Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) of a late-heading type (dwarf-late, DL), introduced by the Dairy Promotion Organization, Thailand, has a high over-wintering ability and is suitable for grazing. The objective of this study was to examine the digestibility and crude protein (CP) concentration of DL Napier grass both before and after rotational grazing in relation to the daily liveweight gain of cattle 2 years after establishment in the lowland area of Kyushu, Japan.
Grazing Suitability Of Various Napier Grass Varieties In Paddocks Of Different Ages,
2023
University of Miyazaki, Japan
Grazing Suitability Of Various Napier Grass Varieties In Paddocks Of Different Ages, Yasuyuki Ishii, M. M. Mukhtar, Sayan Tudsri, Sachiko Idota, Y. Nakamura, Kiichi Fukuyama
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Previous studies have demonstrated that late-heading type dwarf (DL) Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) introduced to Japan from Thailand by the Dairy Promotion Organization of Thailand was able to overwinter in the lowland areas of southern Kyushu (Mukhtar et al., 2003). The species has a higher proportion of leaf blade than other normal and dwarf varieties. These studies were conducted to assess the suitability of the various Napier grass varieties for grazing (Mukhtar et al., 2004). The objective of this study was to examine the grazing suitability, herbage quality and wintering ability of three Napier grass varieties …
Gene-Associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Discovery In White Clover (T. Repens L.),
2023
La Trobe University, Australia
Gene-Associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Discovery In White Clover (T. Repens L.), M. C. Drayton, R. C. Ponting, A. C. Vecchies, T. C. Wilkinson, J. George, N. O. I. Cogan, N. R. Bannan, K. F. Smith, G. Spangenberg, J. W. Forster
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery permits the discovery of molecular marker variation associated with functionally-defined genes. SNP markers have been developed for the temperate pasture legume crop white clover (Trifolium repens) using public and proprietary genic sequences correlated with key agronomic traits of interest.
Qtl Analysis Of Mineral Content In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.),
2023
La Trobe University, Australia
Qtl Analysis Of Mineral Content In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), N. O. I. Cogan, A. C. Vecchies, T. Yamada, K. F. Smith, J. W. Forster
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Variation in mineral content of grasses can be strongly influenced by genetic factors. Grass tetany (hypomagnesemia) of cattle and sheep is due to disturbances in serum magnesium levels. In Southern Australia, resultant levels of mortality in cattle vary between 0.5-1.5% of total stock numbers. Serum magnesium variation may be due to feed deficits, or dietary imbalances that interfere with magnesium metabolism. High levels of potassium appear to exert negative effects on the levels of magnesium in the blood. Italian ryegrass genotypes with high levels of magnesium can alleviate the incidence of grass tetany. The genetic control of mineral content, including …
A Molecular Study Of Alfalfa Megasporogenesis,
2023
Università di Perugia, Italy
A Molecular Study Of Alfalfa Megasporogenesis, D. Rosellini, Stefano Capomaccio, F. Veronesi
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Our ability to control plant reproduction impacts on both seed production and plant breeding. A female sterility mutation was previously described (Rosellini et al., 1998; 2003) revealing a female-specific arrest of sporogenesis associated with ectopic, massive callose deposition within the nucellus. The goal of this study is to isolate and characterize genes involved in megasporogenesis and female sterility in alfalfa.
Modelling Grazing Animal Distributional Patterns Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques,
2023
University of California at Davis
Modelling Grazing Animal Distributional Patterns Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques, M. R. George, N. R. Harris, N. K. Mcdougald, M. Louhaichi, M. D. Johnson, D. E. Johnson, K. R. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Predicting livestock distribution is crucial to reducing livestock impacts on environmentally critical areas. Attempts to model livestock distribution on rangelands have met with varying levels of success. Most of these models described conditions at specific sites and did not work well when they were applied to other sites. In part, the weakness of these models arises from a lack of connection to the spatial arrangement of the study area and the pattern shown by animal distributions. To model the influence of the factors on livestock distribution we developed the Kinetic Resource and Environmental Spatial Systems (KRESS) Modeller. The KRESS Modeler …
Species Richness, Species Identity And Ecosystem Function In Managed Temperate Grasslands,
2023
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Species Richness, Species Identity And Ecosystem Function In Managed Temperate Grasslands, S. C. Goslee, M. A. Sanderson, K. Soder
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Manipulation of plant species diversity may provide a way to improve the ecosystem functioning of managed systems by increasing productivity and suppressing weedy species. As yet, the functional role of species richness is not well-enough understood to enable practical application. We investigated the effects of differing species richness on community stability and invasion resistance in a grazed temperate grassland.
Preference Of Goats For Cool-Season Annual Clovers In The Southern United States,
2023
Fort Valley State University
Preference Of Goats For Cool-Season Annual Clovers In The Southern United States, Thomas H. Terrill, W. F. Whitehead, G. Durham, Carl S. Hoveland, B. P. Singh, S. Gelaye
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In the southern U.S.A., annual clovers provide high-quality winter and spring grazing for beef cattle and sheep. New Zealand data on white clover (Trifolium repens L.) suggests that goats do not prefer this plant as much as sheep (Clark et al., 1982) but little data are available on willingness of goats to consume different clover types in the USA.
