Life Sciences Commons^™

Determining The Physiological And Behavioral Methods Of Salinity Tolerance In Corbicula Fluminea, John Warren Roden Iii

Appalachian Student Research Forum

While a significant degree of salinity tolerance has been observed in the bivalve mollusk species Corbicula fluminea, the physiological and behavioral responses to changes in salinity by these organisms are not completely understood. It was hypothesized that Corbicula would initially avoid any salinity stress behaviorally through valve closure, but would eventually have to open to dispel anaerobic waste products and deal with the salinity. To explore this, Corbicula were collected and put through a series of experiments at salinity exposures of 0, 2.5, and 5.0ppt, with tissue water content and hemolymph osmolality being measured. After an initial 96-hour ...

Refrigerated Stability Of Diluted Cisatracurium, Rocuronium, And Vecuronium For Skin Testing After Perioperative Anaphylaxis, Kristen Dinsmore, Bethany Campbell, Timothy Archibald, Greg Mosier, Stacy Brown Phd, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada Md

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Rationale: The purpose of this study is to investigate the stored stability of dilutions of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), namely cisatracurium, rocuronium, and vecuronium, for skin prick/intradermal testing.

Methods: Concentrations of NMBAs were monitored by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for a period of 14 days. Dilutions of NMBAs were prepared in saline by factors of 10x, 100x, 1,000x, 10,000x, and 100,000x as sensitivity of the assay allowed. Diluted drug products were stored in a laboratory refrigerator until sampling. On sampling days, aliquots of each dilution were removed and compared to a freshly prepared set of ...

Inhibition Of Tnf-Alpha Decreases Microglia Activation In Rats Neonatally Treated With Poly I:C, Heath W. Shelton, Russell W. Brown

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Introduction: Current medical treatment for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SCHZ) primarily relies on the inhibition of the dopamine D₂ receptor that has been shown to be supersensitive in these patients. Treatment occurs through the use of antipsychotic medication which leads to a number of debilitating dose-dependent side effects, such as weight gain, agranulocytosis, and seizures. Patients diagnosed with SCHZ have also been shown to have increased inflammation in their central nervous system (CNS), particularly within specific brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. This is in large part due to the interaction between a pro-inflammatory cytokine called ...

1976 - Mexican-American Land Tenure Conflict In California, David Hornbeck

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

This paper examines the merging of the Mexican and American land tenure systems and how the two very different concepts of land acquisition, organization and maintenance clashed resulting in a distinctive settlement pattern not usually associated with Anglo settlement. The Mexican landscape, organized according to centuries of Spanish tradition, was the antithesis of the type established by the westward moving American pioneer. Spatial differences were many, particularly in the areas of agriculture, settlement, transportation, space economy and land tenure.

Modification Of Purine And Pyrimidine Nucleosides By Direct C-H Bond Activation, Yong Liang, Stanislaw F. Wnuk

Stanislaw Wnuk

Transition metal-catalyzed modifications of the activated heterocyclic bases of nucleosides as well as DNA or RNA fragments employing traditional cross-coupling methods have been well-established in nucleic acid chemistry. This review covers advances in the area of cross-coupling reactions in which nucleosides are functionalized via direct activation of the C8-H bond in purine and the C5-H or C6-H bond in uracil bases. The review focuses on Pd/Cu-catalyzed couplings between unactivated nucleoside bases with aryl halides. It also discusses cross-dehydrogenative arylations and alkenylations as well as other reactions used for modification of nucleoside bases that avoid the use of organometallic precursors ...

Emergence Of Zoos In The U.S. And A Search For The Exotic, Austin M. Hutchinson

Student Scholar Showcase

The emergence of zoos in twentieth century America had many factors that contributed to their mission, success, and overall exotic nature. Zoos have been a part of human civilization for centuries, but it would not be until 1876 when the first zoo would appear in the United States. Individuals craved excitement and the use of exotic animals from all over the world became an important component of what zoos would become. This era coincides with the European colonization of Sub-Saharan Africa, known as the Scramble for Africa. Animals were brought from the so-called “Dark Continent” to be put on display ...

Sirna Knock-Down Of Vav1 In Breast Cancer Cells: Effects On Pi3kinase And Akt, Tajai Sion-Milligan

Student Scholar Showcase

One in eight women in the United States will be diagnosed with breast cancer. Approximately 25-30% of these breast tumors will overexpress Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), associated with a worse prognosis and decreased survival rate. Stimulation of HER2 results in activation and production of many signaling molecules, ultimately resulting in increased cell division. Two of the downstream molecules activated are PI₃Kinase and, further downstream, the molecule Akt. Typically, overproduction and/or overactivation of PI₃Kinase can lead to oncogenesis. A molecule that may have a significant role in PI₃Kinase formation is VAV1 ...

Creating A Predictive Model For Flowering Of Virginia Orchid, Cypripedium Pubescens, Emily Horton

Student Scholar Showcase

No abstract provided.

Increasing Fruits And Vegetable Consumption Among Snap Recipients Through An Innovative Prescription Program: Appalachian Farmacy, Kiriinya Mwirigi, Beenish Kamran

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Introduction:

Food insecurity prevalence in Washington County, TN is 14.3% yet 61% of SNAP eligible residents are food insecure. Food insecurity is associated with inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables, as well as increased risk of chronic disease. Tennessee ranks 47^th in the Nation with only 6.7% consuming the recommended fruits and vegetable intake. The Farmacy Pilot Program was developed to encourage increased consumption of produce and to reduce food insecurity among SNAP recipients.

Methods:

This program provided vouchers to SNAP recipients and their families to buy fresh fruits and vegetables at the farmers market and in ...

Evaluating Effects Of Gene Mutation And Light Intensity On Arabidopsis Thaliana Development, Carolanne Bekus

Student Scholar Showcase

The completion of sequencing Arabidopsis thaliana’s genome has led to the next crucial challenge of determining gene function in these plants. A. thaliana is a model organism often compared to commercial crops. The discovery of gene function within these plants will aid in giving insight on how gene function can affect commercial crop production. Presented here is an analysis comparing wild-type Columbia (Col-O), to single gene mutants when knocking-out transcriptional factors VPI/ABI3-like 1 (val1) and basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP). These single gene mutations may affect several traits that in turn can result in morphological changes and ...

Analysis Of Downstream Signaling Of Tlrs After U0126 Inhibition, Brandy Frazier

Student Scholar Showcase

Francisella tularensis (F. tularensis) is a pathogenic bacterium which causes the disease tularemia. F. tularensis is thought to be able to enter and multiply inside of liver cells because it interacts with toll-like receptors (TLRs). Examining the signaling pathway downstream of the TLRs will allow for better understanding of how this disease works and possible treatment strategies. In this study I propose to examine how molecular inhibitors affect signaling downstream of TLRs in HepG2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from E. coli. Mitogen-activated protein kinase is a cellular molecule in signaling cascades that directs cellular response mechanisms. MAPK can be ...

Eating Crickets? Nutrient Mineral Content Of Two Cricket Species And Chapul Cricket Protein Bars Using Mp-Aes, Nathan Hopkins

Student Scholar Showcase

Global agriculture is beset by numerous challenges which must be surmounted to feed a developing world, from combating climate change to the cultivation of sustainable food products. This, in addition to protein and nutrient deficiencies in the developing world, makes considering alternative protein sources, such as a crickets, an attractive option. Crickets use a fraction of the land and water that protein sources like beef cattle do, and can be cultivated in urban environments in stacked boxes. This research investigation aims to quantify the nutrient mineral content (Iron, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium) of two cricket species (Acheta domesticus & Gryllodes ...

Elemental Analysis Of Beer Manufactured In Virginia Satellite Breweries, Jennifer Wiliams

Student Scholar Showcase

Financial incentives from the state and wider distribution potential have lured many west coast brewers to open satellite breweries in Virginia. Quality control is crucial for any brewery and especially important in satellite breweries that need to imitate the standard set by the parent brewery. Zinc, magnesium, iron, sodium manganese, and calcium are trace elements found in wort and are essential for enzymes that catalyze fermentation reactions. These elements protect against cell stress, play a crucial role in flocculation, and can affect the flavoring and coloration of beer. Barley, water, and hops are the sources of these elements in beer ...

Stability Of Resistance Training Implement Alters Emg Activity During The Overhead Press, Jeremy R. Dicus, Michael E. Holmstrup, Kyle Shuler, Tyler Rice, Shawn Raybuck, Chelsea Siddons

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 708-716, 2018. Kettlebells often replace dumbbells during common resistance training exercises such as the overhead press. When performing an overhead press, the center of mass of a dumbbell is in line with the glenohumeral joint. In comparison, the center of mass of the kettlebell is posterior to the glenohumeral joint. Posterior displacement of the kettlebell center of mass may result in less stability during the pressing motion. The purpose of this study was to examine muscle activity during an overhead press with resistance training implements of differing stability. Surface electromyography (EMG) for the ...

Cloning, Purification, And Preliminary Dna-Binding And Unfolding Results For The Dna Polymerase I From The Psychrophile Psychromonas Ingrahamii, John Tod Baker

LSU Master's Theses

Psychromonas ingrahamii is a psychrophilic bacterium that lives in Arctic polar sea ice and grows at a temperature range of -12 to 10º C. This bacterium resides within veins inside the ice where the salinity is high, resulting in a freezing point depression and liquid water. The large fragment of DNA polymerase I from Psychromonas ingrahamii, called Klenpin, has been cloned, expressed, and purified in our laboratory. Although enzyme kinetic studies have been performed on a few psychrophilic enzymes, the thermodynamics of ligand binding and of protein stability have not been well studied for this class of extremophilic proteins. Here ...

Effects Of Elevated Temperature, Elevated Co2 And Photoperiod On Conifer Carbon Fluxes, Joseph R. Stinziano

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Increasing temperatures due to rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations will have direct effects on plant physiology, specifically photosynthetic carbon uptake. Changes in photosynthetic carbon uptake will alter feedbacks between vegetation and atmospheric CO₂, and changes in forest carbon dynamics will be important in determining whether vegetation amplifies or attenuates the effects of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions on climate. Coniferous trees, which are a large component of the boreal forest, are understudied in relation to thermal acclimation of photosynthesis and temperature effects on growth. In the present work, I assess the impact of rising temperatures on carbon fluxes in coniferous ...

Field Test Performance Of Junior Competitive Surf Athletes Following A Core Strength Training Program, Tracy A. Axel, Jill Crussemeyer, Kevyn Dean, Douglas E. Young

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(6): 696-707, 2018. Lower body and core muscular strength are essential for optimal performance in many sports and competitive surfers have similar strength demands when maneuvering a surfboard to achieve competition success. Presently, the use of unstable surfaces is excessively utilized by surf coaches and trainers and to date, research does not support this as an effective training method for long-term improvements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an 8-week Core Strength Training Program (CSTP) on a battery of field tests specific to assessing core musculature and lower ...

1970 - Geology Of Southern Monterey Bay And Its Relationship To The Groundwater Basin And Salt Water Intrusion

State and Federal Documents Relating to Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties

This report discussed the preliminary results of a U.S. Geological Survey and the State of California joint investigation of Monterey Bay. The objective of the survey was to delineate the groundwater basin offshore, to determine the distribution and locations of fresh water aquifers by locating areas in the Monterey Submarine Canyon and the ocean bottom in Monterey Bay where aquifers might outcrop and thus be areas of entrance for seawater. The report noted that since the early 1940s continuous heavy pumping along the coastal area of the Salinas Valley had depleted the groundwater storage and lowered the piezometric levels ...

1965 - Dwr Bulletin No. 130-63, Hydrologic Data, Volume Iii, Central Coastal Area

State and Federal Documents Relating to Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties

This bulletin is a report on surface water, groundwater and climate in the Central Coast Area of California for the period October 1, 1962 through September 30, 1963. It includes a text that summarizes hydrologic conditions in this region and contains five appendices: Appendix A, Climate; Appendix B, Surface Water Flow; Appendix C, Ground Water Measurement; Appendix D, Surface Water Quality; and Appendix E, Ground Water Quality.

1975 - Sea-Water Intrusion In California, Inventory Of Coastal Ground Water Basins

Water Statutes

The primary purpose of this 1975 bulletin was to show, as completely as available information permitted the status of sea-water intrusion, to the end that local agencies could decide where they had to take steps to reverse the condition. A corollary purpose was to show the need for more information on intrusion in certain areas where the situation was particularly critical. The study was undertaken solely to determine the extent and location of sea-water intrusion into coastal basins and to compile an inventory that would assist local agencies in assessing the water supply conditions in their areas. The effort was ...