Life Sciences Commons^™

Bees In America: How The Honey Bee Shaped A Nation, Tammy Horn

Tammy Horn

" Honey bees--and the qualities associated with them--have quietly influenced American values for four centuries. During every major period in the country's history, bees and beekeepers have represented order and stability in a country without a national religion, political party, or language. Bees in America is an enlightening cultural history of bees and beekeeping in the United States. Tammy Horn, herself a beekeeper, offers a varied social and technological history from the colonial period, when the British first introduced bees to the New World, to the present, when bees are being used by the American military to detect bombs. Early ...

Functional Anatomy Of Penaeid Shrimp, Gary Martin, Jo Hose

Gary Martin

A comprehensive source of information on all aspects of shrimp production, this reference covers not only the global status of shrimp farming, but also examines shrimp anatomy and physiology. From nutrition to health management and harvesting issues to biosecurity, this well-researched volume evaluates existing knowledge, proposes new concepts, and questions common practices. With an extensive review on worldwide production systems, this compilation will be highly relevant to research scientists, students, and shrimp producers.

Pharmacology Supplement, Ahmed Mustafa, Ellioott Blumenthal

Ahmed Mustafa Dr.

No abstract provided.

Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis And The Collapse Of Anuran Species Richness And Abundance In The Upper Manu National Park, Southeastern Peru, Edgar Lehr, Allessandro Catenazzi, Lily Rodriguez, Vance Vrendeburg

Edgar Lehr

Amphibians are declining worldwide, but these declines have been particularly dramatic in tropical mountains, where high endemism and vulnerability to an introduced fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is associated with amphibian extinctions. We surveyed frogs in the Peruvian Andes in montane forests along a steep elevational gradient (1200-3700 m). We used visual encounter surveys to sample stream-dwelling and arboreal species and leaf-litter plots to sample terrestrial-breeding species. We compared species richness and abundance among the wet seasons of 1999, 2008, and 2009. Despite similar sampling effort among years, the number of species (46 in 1999) declined by 47% between 1999 ...

Darwinian Controversies: An Historiographical Recounting, David Depew

David J Depew

This essay reviews key controversies in the history of the Darwinian research tradition: the Wilberforce-Huxley debate in 1860, early twentieth-century debates about the heritability of acquired characteristics and the consistency of Mendelian genetics with natural selection; the 1925 Scopes trial about teaching evolution; tensions about race, culture, and eugenics at the 1959 centenary celebration Darwin’s Origin of Species; adaptationism and its critics in the Sociobiology debate of 1970s and, more recently, Evolutionary Psychology; and current disputes about Intelligent Design. These controversies, I argue, are etched into public memory because they occur at the emotionally charged boundaries between public-political, technical-scientific ...

Haematopoietic Stem Cells In Spleen Have Distinct Differentiative Potential For Antigen Presenting Cells., Jonathan Tan, Helen O'Neill

Helen O'Neill

Dendritic cells (DC) are known to develop from macrophage dendritic progenitors (MDP) in bone marrow (BM), which give rise to conventional (c)DC and monocytes, both dominant antigen presenting cell (APC) subsets in spleen. This laboratory has however defined a distinct dendritic-like cell subset in spleen (L-DC), which can also be derived in long-term cultures of spleen. In line with the restricted in vitro development of only L-DC in these stromal cultures, we questioned whether self-renewing HSC or progenitors exist in spleen with restricted differentiative capacity for only L-DC. Neonatal spleen and BM were compared for their ability to reconstitute ...

Expression Profiling Of Crambe Abyssinica Under Arsenate Stress Identifies Genes And Gene Networks Involved In Arsenic Metabolism And Detoxification, Om Parkash, Suganthi Kandasamy, Bibin Paulose

Om Parkash

Background Arsenic contamination is widespread throughout the world and this toxic metalloid is known to cause cancers of organs such as liver, kidney, skin, and lung in human. In spite of a recent surge in arsenic related studies, we are still far from a comprehensive understanding of arsenic uptake, detoxification, and sequestration in plants. Crambe abyssinica, commonly known as 'abyssinian mustard', is a non-food, high biomass oil seed crop that is naturally tolerant to heavy metals. Moreover, it accumulates significantly higher levels of arsenic as compared to other species of the Brassicaceae family. Thus, C. abyssinica has great potential to ...

Small-Scale Divergence In Egg Color Along An Elevation Gradient In The Mexican Jay (Aphelocoma Ultramarina): A Condition-Dependent Response?, John Mccormack, Elena Berg

John E. McCormack

The functional significance of bird egg color and patterning is a continuing subject of interest and debate. Extreme polymorphism in eggshell appearance is often thought to be maintained by frequency-dependent selection operating within populations. However, variation could also be explained by small-scale differentiation combined with limited migration. Here, we report the existence of extreme variation in egg color in a population of Mexican Jays (Aphelocoma ultramarina) inhabiting a steep elevation and habitat gradient within a single mountain range, the Sierra del Carmen of Coahuila, Mexico. We quantified egg color of 143 eggs from 54 nests throughout the mountain range, using ...

Biological Stoichiometry Of Plant Production: Metabolism, Scaling, And Ecological Response To Global Change, Andrew Kerkhoff, J.J. Elser, W.F. Fagan, B.J. Enquist

Andrew J Kerkhoff

No abstract provided.

Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis In The Live Frog Trade Of Telmatobius (Anura: Ceratophryidae) In The Tropical Andes, Edgar Lehr, Alessandro Catenazzi, Vance Vredenburg

Edgar Lehr

Species of frogs in the genus Telmatobius are traded and sold for human consumption in the Andes and in coastal cities of Peru and Bolivia. These frogs are harvested from wild populations. We report high prevalence of infection by the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in live frogs purchased at the main market in Cusco, Peru, from January 2008 to January 2010. We suggest that the transport of native anurans through the live frog trade could facilitate the spread of this fungus among Andean frogs. The tropical Andes are the most important biodiversity hotspot for amphibians. Because many neotropical taxa are ...

Understanding Sexual Orientation As A Habitus: Reasoning From The Natural Law, Appeals To Human Experience, And The Data Of Science, Father Nicanor Austriaco

Rev. Nicanor Austriaco, O.P.

Notes on link: scroll down to Contents and click on Chapter 5 to see article.

Architecture Of The Potyviruses, Michele Mcdonald, Amy Kendall, Wen Bian, Ian Mccullough, Elizabeth Lio, Wendy Havens, Said Ghabrial, Gerald Stubbs

Ian McCullough

X-ray fiber diffraction data were obtained and helical pitch and symmetry were determined for seven members of the family Potyviridae, including representatives from the genera Potyvirus, Rymovirus, and Tritimovirus. The diffraction patterns are similar, as expected. There are, however, significant variations in the symmetries, as previously found among the flexible potexviruses, but not among the rigid tobamoviruses. Wheat streak mosaic virus, the only member of the genus Tritimovirus examined, displayed the largest deviations in diffraction data and helical parameters from the other viruses in the group.

Transcriptome Profiling Of A Tgf-Beta-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition Reveals Extracellular Clusterin As A Target For Therapeutic Antibodies, A. Lenferink, C. Cantin, A. Nantel, E. Wang, Y. Durocher, M. Banville,, B. Paul-Roc, A. Marcil, Mark Wilson, M. O'Connor-Mccourt

Mark R Wilson

No abstract provided.

Screen-Related Sedentary Behaviors: Children's And Parents' Attitudes, Motivations, And Practices, Meizi He, Leonard Piche, Charlene Beynon, Stewart Harris

Leonard Piché

OBJECTIVE: To investigate school-aged children's and parents' attitudes, social influences, and intentions toward excessive screen-related sedentary behavior (S-RSB).

DESIGN: A cross-sectional study using a survey methodology.

SETTING: Elementary schools in London, Ontario, Canada.

PARTICIPANTS: All grades 5 and 6 students, their parents, and their teachers in the participating schools were invited to voluntarily participate; 508 student-parent pairs completed the surveys.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Children's screen-related behaviors.

ANALYSIS: Data were analyzed using the Independent Student t test to compare differences of continuous variables and the chi-square test to test for differences of categorical variables.

RESULTS: Children spent 3.3 ...

Restaurants In London, On, Lenoard Piche, Elena Usdenski

Leonard Piché

Brescia professor, Dr. Len Piché, and Foods and Nutrition Masters student, Elena Usdenski, provide information about the features of London's restaurants and the nutritional analysis of their signature dishes.

A New Andean Species Of The Hypsiboas Pulchellus Group: Adults, Calls, And Phylogenetic Relationships, Edgar Lehr, Julian Faivovich, Karl-Heinz Jungfer

Edgar Lehr

We describe a new species of the Hypsiboas pulchellus Group from the eastern Andes of central Peru (Region Pasco). Calls of both H. melanopleura and the new species are described. The new species is more similar to H. melanopleura and H. palaestes but differs in morphological characters and in coloration pattern. The new species and H. melanopleura are included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the H. pulchellus Group that shows them to be sister species and forming a second, independent, Andean clade within the group. New collecting sites for H. melanopleura are provided with the first record in the ...

Myosin Heavy Chain Composition Of Tiger (Panthera Tigris) And Cheetah (Acinonyx Jubatus) Hindlimb Muscles, Jon-Philippe Hyatt, Roland Roy, Stuart Rugg, Robert Talmadge

Stuart Rugg

Felids have a wide range of locomotor activity patterns and maximal running speeds, including the very fast cheetah (Acinonyx jubatas), the roaming tiger (Panthera tigris), and the relatively sedentary domestic cat (Felis catus). As previous studies have suggested a relationship between the amount and type of activity and the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform composition of a muscle, we assessed the MHC isoform composition of selected hindlimb muscles from these three felid species with differing activity regimens. Using gel electrophoresis, western blotting, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry with MHC isoform-specific antibodies, we compared the MHC composition in the tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius ...

Darwinian Controversies: An Historiographical Recounting, David Depew

David J Depew

This essay reviews key controversies in the history of the Darwinian research tradition: the Wilberforce-Huxley debate in 1860, early twentieth-century debates about the heritability of acquired characteristics and the consistency of Mendelian genetics with natural selection; the 1925 Scopes trial about teaching evolution; tensions about race, culture, and eugenics at the 1959 centenary celebration Darwin’s Origin of Species; adaptationism and its critics in the Sociobiology debate of 1970s and, more recently, Evolutionary Psychology; and current disputes about Intelligent Design. These controversies, I argue, are etched into public memory because they occur at the emotionally charged boundaries between public-political, technical-scientific ...

Amygdala And Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Responses To Appearance-Based And Behavior-Based Person Impressions., Sean Baron, M Gobinni, Andrew Engell, Alex Todorov

Andrew Engell

Investigation Of Murine Spleen As A Niche For Hematopoiesis., Jonathan Tan, Helen O'Neill

Helen O'Neill

Background Spleen as a lymphoid tissue is specialized for monitoring blood and mounting immunity against blood-borne antigens. Antigen-presenting cells present in spleen commonly develop from bone marrow-derived precursors that enter blood circulation. However, a distinct splenic myeloid antigen-presenting cell subset described in this laboratory, namely “dendritic-like cells” (L-DC), has been hypothesized not to share a bone marrow origin. Methods In this study, the presence of endogenous hematopoietic progenitors in spleen was investigated by transplanting intact spleen into allotype-distinct recipients and monitoring development of progeny cells in grafted tissues. Results Successful engraftment of donor spleens was achieved for up to 4 ...