Agriculture Commons^™

Report From The Conference, ‘Identifying Obstacles To Applying Big Data In Agriculture’, Emma L. White, J. Alex Thomasson, Brent Auvermann, Newell R. Kitchen, Leland Sandy Pierson, Dana Porter, Craig Baillie, Hendrik Hamann, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Todd Janzen, Rajiv Khosla, James Lowenberg-Deboer, Matt Mcintosh, Seth Murray, Dave Osborn, Ashoo Shetty, Craig Stevenson, Joe Tevis, Fletcher Werner

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Data-centric technology has not undergone widespread adoption in production agriculture but could address global needs for food security and farm profitability. Participants in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) funded conference, “Identifying Obstacles to Applying Big Data in Agriculture,” held in Houston, TX, in August 2018, defined detailed scenarios in which on-farm decisions could benefit from the application of Big Data. The participants came from multiple academic fields, agricultural industries and government organizations and, in addition to defining the scenarios, they identified obstacles to implementing Big Data in these scenarios as well as …

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2020, F. Bourland, A. Beach, E. Brown, C. Kennedy, L. Martin, B. Robertson

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. These annual evaluations will then facilitate the inclusion of new, improved genetic material in Arkansas cotton production. Adaptation of varieties is determined by evaluating the lines at five University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture research sites (Manila, Keiser, Judd Hill, Marianna, and Rohwer). Entries in the 2020 Arkansas Cotton Variety Test …

Covid-19 Impacts On Vermont Farms And Food Businesses: Pivots, Needs And Opportunities For The Future, Meredith T. Niles, Farryl Bertmann, Emily H. Belarmino, Mark Cannella, David S. Conner

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications

This report highlights results from a survey of Vermont farm and food businesses conducted during August and September 2020, with a total of 223 respondents. The survey was distributed via a number of non-profit, business, and state agencies in Vermont. Respondents included farms, food and farm product retail, agritourism operators, on-farm food processors, food and beverage manufacturers, nurseries/greenhouses/garden centers, and food hubs/aggregators. Overall, we find the majority of respondents experienced a COVID-19 business impact, especially in market and financial ways. We also find that the majority of respondents had business changes they wanted to make, but couldn't because of a …

Nebline, February 2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Staying active in winter

Nebraska Extension’s Physical Activity Resources

At-Home Workout: No Equipment Needed

Recipe of the Month

2021 Flower All-America Selections Winners

Garden Guide Things to Do This Month

ProHort Lawn & Landscape Update

Know Your Bugs Before You Treat: Bed vs. Bat

More Than Counting: Incorporating Math Into Daily Interactions With Preschoolers

Pesticide Applicator Trainings

Total Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water

HEART OF 4-H Volunteer Award, Laura Cook

Meet 2020–2021 4-H Teen Council

4-H Club Gives Youth With Special Needs Opportunity to Show Lambs

Pick-A-Pig Club Accepting New Members

Companion Animal Webinar Series

4-H Rabbit Show, March 20 …

Corn Residue Baling And Grazing Impacts On Corn Yield Under Irrigated Conservation Tillage Systems, Sabrina J. Ruis, Charles Burr, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Brian Olson, Mark Reiman, Daran Rudnick, Johnna Baller, Kathryn J. Hanford

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Crop residue grazing or baling is common in the western Corn Belt. However, its impacts on subsequent crop yields under different irrigation levels and tillage systems are unclear. We investigated the impacts of corn (Zea mays L.) residue baling and cattle grazing on soil compaction, water content, and corn yield under full and limited irrigated no-till in Nebraska during three years. In Years 2 and 3, an additional tillage treatment (strip till) was implemented to evaluate its effects on grain yield under the above treatments. Residue removal effects on compaction and water content did not vary with irrigation level. …

Seedextractor: An Open-Source Gui For Seed Image Analysis, Feiyu Zhu, Puneet Paul, Waseem Hussain, Kyle Wallman, Balpreet K. Dhatt, Jaspreet Sandhu, Larissa Irvin, Gota Morota, Hongfeng Yu, Harkamal Walia

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Accurate measurement of seed size parameters is essential for both breeding efforts aimed at enhancing yields and basic research focused on discovering genetic components that regulate seed size. To address this need, we have developed an open source graphical user interface (GUI) software, SeedExtractor that determines seed size and shape (including area, perimeter, length, width, circularity, and centroid), and seed color with capability to process a large number of images in a time-efficient manner. In this context, our application takes 2 s for analyzing an image, i.e., significantly less compared to the other tools. As this software is open-source, it …

Potential Benefits Of Rcep On The Philippines: Accelerating Recovery Through Trade And Other Economic Opportunities, Caesar Cororaton, Marites Tiongco, Arlene B. Inocencio

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The Philippines, as a member of ASEAN, is part of the RCEP, which is the world’s largest trading block in terms of population and GDP. RCEP was signed on November 15, 2020, by 15 member countries. This policy note discusses the potential effects of RCEP on the Philippines. Using a global CGE model calibrated to the most recent GTAP 10 database, the results indicate that the Philippines will benefit from higher exports, lower consumer prices, higher factor prices, and factor incomes of households. Among the Philippine sectors, the largest positive effects are observed in electronic equipment. Interestingly, the impact on …

Abrasive Weeding As A Vehicle For Precision Fertilizer Management In Organic Vegetable Production, Tran Kim Ngan Luong, Frank Forcella, Sharon A. Clay, Michael S. Douglass, Sam E. Wortman

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Abrasive weeding is a nonchemical weed control tactic that uses small, gritty materials propelled with compressed air to destroy weed seedlings. Organic fertilizers have been used successfully as abrasive grits to control weeds, but the goal for this study was to explore the effects of fertilizer grit, application rates, and background soil fertility on weeds, plant available nitrogen (N) uptake, and crop yield. Field trials were conducted in organic ‘Carmen’ sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum) and organic ‘Gypsy’ broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and treatments included organic fertilizer grit (8N–0.9P–3.3K vs. 3N–3.1P–3.3K), grit application rates (low …

Fire Alters Plant Microbiome Assembly Patterns: Integrating The Plant And Soil Microbial Response To Disturbance, Nicholas C. Dove, Dawn M. Klingeman, Alyssa A. Carrell, Melissa A. Cregger, Christopher W. Schadt

Aspen Bibliography

• It is increasingly evident that the plant microbiome is a strong determinant of plant health. While the ability to manipulate the microbiome in plants and ecosystems recovering from disturbance may be useful, our understanding of the plant microbiome in regenerating plant communities is currently limited.
• Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region amplicon sequencing, we characterized the leaf, stem, fine root, rhizome, and rhizosphere microbiome of < 1-yr-old aspen saplings and the associated bulk soil after a recent high-intensity prescribed fire across a burn severity gradient.
• Consistent with previous studies, we found that soil microbiomes are responsive to fire. We extend these findings by showing that certain plant tissue microbiomes also change in response to …

Egyptian Women’S Agriculture Contribution; Assessment Of The Gender Gap For Sustainable Development, Noha El Khorazaty

Theses and Dissertations

Women’s contribution to the agriculture sector in developing countries is undeniable, yet they do not have equal access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. Sustainable development entails inclusive and effective management of natural resources, this entails gender equity in agriculture. Bridging the gender gap in agriculture far exceeds the benefits of the individual. According to the latest estimates bridging the yield gap in agricultural productivity could possibly decrease the numbers of undernourished people in the world by around 100 – 140 million people. Sustainable agriculture development and gender equity necessitate policy interventions targeting the gender …

Study On The Gelatinization Behaviors Of Heat-Moisture Treated Starch And Its Mechanism, Xing Jun-Jie, Li Dong, Guo Xiao-Na, Zhu Ke-Xue

Food and Machinery

In this study, the gelatinization of heat-moisture treated (HMT) corn starch was investigated by rheometer (RHE) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) under the same condition of excessive water (starch∶water=1∶10) with heating-rate dependent gelatinization and time-temperature gradient gelatinization tests. DSC and RHE results showed that multiple endothermic transitions (G and M₁) and two viscosity peaks (PV₁ and PV₂) were observed in viscosity curves and DSC traces even in excess water for HMT starches. The gelatinization process of HMT starch could be divided into three stages by correlation analysis of thermal and viscosity characteristics as follows. The …

Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies Of Aroma Components From Pineapple Based On Neural Network, Qin Zheng-Long, Feng Chang-Jun

Food and Machinery

In order to study chromatographic retention time (RT) of aroma components from pineapple, molecular valence connectivity index (^mX^V_t), molecular shape index (ⁿK) and electrotopological state index (E_i) of 44 aroma components were calculated. ²X^V_p and ⁴X^V_c of the molecular valence connectivity indices, and ¹K and ²K of the molecular shape indices, E₈ and E₁₃ of the electrotopological state indices were optimized. The six parameters were used as input variables of neural network and the chromatographic retention time was used as output …

Optimized Preparation Of Maillard Reaction Products From Lysine And Xylose And Its Antibacterial Properties, Sun Wei-Wei, Cai Cao, Duan Li-Ping, Chen Sheng, Chen Hao, Jin Hao, Zhu Jie

Food and Machinery

In this study, Xylose and Lysine were used as raw materials. The browning level of Maillard reaction and the antioxidant activity of reaction products (MRPs) were taken as evaluation indexes, combined with response surface method to optimize and obtain optimal preparation conditions for Maillard reaction products (XL-MRPs) of the xylose-lysine system. In addition, the antibacterial properties of XL-MRPs have also been studied.The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions were: reaction time 120 min, pH 9.0, reaction temperature 109 ℃, Xylose to Lys molar ratio of 2.1∶1.0, XL-MRPs had the strongest oxidation resistance, and FRAP value was 1.33±0.16. XL-MRPs have …

Purification And Characterization Of Metmyoglobin Reductase In Beef Longissimus Muscle, Zhao Li-Jun, Zhao Ke, Zhao Gai-Ming, Ma Yang-Yang, Zhu Yao-Di, Li Miao-Yun, Huang Ming-Yuan

Food and Machinery

The longissimus muscle from chilled beef was used as raw material to preliminary study the purification and characteristics of metmyoglobin reductase. The effect of temperature, pH and metal ions on the metmyoglobin reductase activity was investigated. Results revealed that the metmyoglobin reductase of longissimus muscle could be crudely purified with ammonium sulfate (65% saturation) and ultrafiltration (>50 kDa). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of the metmyoglobin reductase of longissimus muscle was 29.0~66.4 kDa, mainly. The proper temperature of the metmyoglobin reductase of longissimus muscle was 40 ℃, with the proper pH 6.0. Cu²⁺ could inhibit the …

Effects Of Threshing, Redrying With Collaborative Aging On Polyphenols Content In Tobacco-Planting Area Of Liangshan In Sichuan, Ma Ya-Ping, Li Li, Luo Cheng, Li Dong-Liang

Food and Machinery

Studied the changes of polyphenols including chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, 4-O-coffee-D-quinic acid, scopoletin, rutin, kaempferol glycoside and polyphenols content in Sichuan Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves under different key parameters of threshing and redrying (a1 was one wetting process outlet temperature; a2 was redrying zone 1 temperature~a5 was redrying zone 4 temperature) and alcoholization duration. The results show that: ① one wetting process outlet temperature have a certain positive correlation with polyphenols content, and redrying zone 1 temperature~ redrying zone 4 temperature are not significantly correlation. ② Chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, rutin, kaempferol glycoside and polyphenols content decrease with the increase …

Determination Of Icariin And Other 20 Functional Components In Food By Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Fan Xiao-Long, Chen Ran, Wu Wan-Qin, Liu Guo-Jiao, Huang Kun, Jiang Feng

Food and Machinery

A method for the quantitative determination of icariin, hypericin and Psoralen in mix liquor, beverage sample and tea substitutes were established by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were extracted by methanol water solution, diluted, purified, extracted, centrifuged, filtered, and determined by Thermo Acclain RSLC C₁₈ (2.6 μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm) chromatographic column. The determination was carried out under the mode of electrospray positive and negative ion multi-reaction monitoring scanning (MRM) with acetonitrile and water. The maximum linear detection concentration of 20 compounds was 500 ng/mL, the correlation coefficient (R²) was greater than 0.99, and the …

Food Safety Supervision Based On Neural Network Technology In Large Data Environment, Meng Qing-Jie, Yao Hai-Chang

Food and Machinery

In the environment of large data, the application value of data mining and neural network technology in food safety supervision is discussed to provide ideas for the innovation of supervision mode in this field in China. Several important safety supervision models of Chinese traditional food first analyzed. Based on the analysis of the deficiencies of current supervision, the more mature supervision strategy of developed countries such as the United States is used to apply big data related technology to the food safety supervision, so as to make the data information timelier and more open. BP neural network is applied to …

A New Design Method Of Dairy Falling-Film Evaporators Based On Uncertainty Theory, Zhang Xia, Tian Wei, Zhu Chuan-Qi, Zhang An-Chao, Wu Hai-Bin

Food and Machinery

In the process design of falling film evaporator, there are uncertainties in the design parameters and heat transfer model, which increases the difficulty of falling film evaporator design. Therefore, based on the Monte Carlo uncertainty method, the influence of the uncertainty of the parameters and the model in the three-effect falling film evaporator of dairy products on the design results is studied. The results showed that, compared with parameter uncertainty, the change of evaporator heat transfer performance caused by model uncertainty was more significant. By comprehensively considering the influence of parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty, a model ensembling method was …

Modeling And Simulation Of Bipolar Frequency Adjustable High Voltage Pulse Power Supply, Wang Zhuo, Li Zhen-Mei, Li Hai-Tao, Li Zong-Zhe

Food and Machinery

In order to solve the problem that the high-pressure sterilization system cannot remove multiple strains at the same time, this article uses a modular design to establish a sterilization system structure that eliminates three strains (Penicillium, yeast, Escherichia coli), and establishes a bipolar square wave and a high-frequency pulse with adjustable frequency Equivalent model of power supply and processing room, respectively. The system can output multiple bipolar square wave waveforms with different peak values when the frequency is 100~1 000 Hz with the pulse width of 10 μs, and can sterilize different pathogens separately. Simulation results show that the power …

Design And Process Optimization Of Reciprocating Decontaminating Device For Freshwater Fish, Xia Wei-Wei, Meng Qing-Guo, Zhang Chang-Yuan, Zhang Xu, Xu Zi-Xiang

Food and Machinery

In order to solve the problem that the fish belly is easy to scratch by the existing dirt-removing device , a kind of dirt-removing device for freshwater fish with reciprocating operation is designed. Taking carp as the test object, a sensory evaluation model of dirt-removing effect was established with visceral removal degree and fish belly integrity degree as evaluation indexes. The influences of process parameters such as starting position, feed speed and feed quantity of reciprocating operation of dirt-removing tool on dirt-removing effects were analyzed, and the process parameters were also optimized. By increasing the starting position and feeding rate, …