Agriculture Commons^™

Evaluating Methods For Research In Physical Weed Control And Farm Asset Tracking, Johnny J. Sanchez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Effective weed control has long been recognized as critical for agricultural production, yet weeds remain a major constraint to production and economic return in many agroecosystems. Moreover, improvements in physical weed control are necessary to address increasing problems of herbicide resistance in weeds of grain and fiber crops and the high cost of hand weeding in vegetables. From tractor-mounted cultivation tools to autonomous weeders, weeding implements are affected by weeds, crops, soil conditions, and actuator effectiveness. In order to address these complex and often interacting factors concerning weed control, new and innovative tools must be designed and evaluated. Chapter one …

Some Fundamentals Of Marketing Meat Goats, Angela Mckenzie-Jakes

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Over the last couple of decades, the demand for goat meat has risen in the U.S. However, the current supply of domestic goats does not meet the demand. In fact, the increase in demand is the result of the growth in ethnic populations in the U.S. Consequently, small producers are raising goats as a source of income. Thus, they must become familiar with ethnic holidays or festivals, understand marketing, and the importance of body condition scoring and selection criteria in order to increase returns from the sale of their goats. The objectives of this paper were to discuss the U.S. …

The Wild Side Of Commodity Markets: Hedging In Times Of High Volatility, Fabio Mattos

Cornhusker Economics

Commodity markets go through periods with low volatility when we generally see small variations in prices, as well as periods with high volatility, when we tend to see large swings in prices. Regardless of the degree of price volatility in the market, producers can always use marketing contracts as a way to hedge the price risk of their operation. Even though the general mechanics of hedging are the same in periods of low volatility and high volatility, some aspects of hedging become more evident in times of high volatility. In this article, we will discuss some of these aspects focusing …

Drought-Tolerant Options For Southwest Agriculture: Edible Produce, Emily Rice, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

The arid Southwest has been heavily impacted by drought and climate change. The Southwest states are some of the driest in the nation. From 2000 to 2020, 65% of the state of Utah experienced abnormally dry conditions, 78% of Arizona, 69% of New Mexico, and 71% of Nevada. Drought can damage pastures and crops, leading to economic losses in agriculture. Sustaining agricultural production (crops, food, livestock) on tribal lands will become progressively more challenging in the future due to decreased water availability, extended droughts, and changes in precipitation quantities and timing. This fact sheet is the second in a series …

Drought-Tolerant Options For Southwest Agriculture: Ornamentals, Herbs, And Cosmetics, Emily Rice, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

The arid Southwest has been heavily impacted by drought and climate change. The Southwest states are some of the driest in the nation. Water shortages are also common, especially in the late summer when water restrictions are often imposed. Drought can damage pastures and crops, leading to economic losses in agriculture. This fact sheet is the third in a series of three that provide an overview of drought-tolerant crops, grasses, and native plants, which may assist in maintaining agricultural production for food, feed, and cosmetics and sustain grasslands and rangelands in the arid Southwest. The following ornamental, herbs, and cosmetics …

Drought-Tolerant Options For Southwest Agriculture: Grasses, Grains, And Legumes, Emily Rice, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

The arid Southwest has been heavily impacted by drought and climate change. The Southwest states are some of the driest in the nation. Droughts damage pastures and crops, leading to economic losses in agriculture. This fact sheet is the first in a series of three that provide an overview of drought-tolerant crops, grasses, and native plants, which may assist in maintaining agricultural production for food and feed and sustain grasslands and rangelands in the arid Southwest. The following grasses, grains, and legumes used for forage, fodder, and human consumption, are all drought tolerant and, in many cases, tolerate salty soil …

Estimation Of Household Smoke-Exposure Risk Using Demographic And Health Survey (Dhs) Data, Mazbahul G. Ahamad, Fahian Tanin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

We introduce Stata and R codes to estimate the household smoke-exposure risk (SER) variable using cooking fuel- and cooking place-related information obtained from country-level demographic and health survey (DHS) data. Two categories of cooking fuels (smoke-producing and non-smoke producing fuels) and two categories of cooking places (indoor and outdoor) are used to estimate the household SER. Finally, household SER is classified into four levels of risk: high (cooking indoor using smoke-producing fuels), medium (cooking outdoor using smoke-producing fuels), low (cooking indoor using non-smoke-producing fuels), and very low (cooking outdoor using non-smoke-producing fuels). An example of a household SER calculation using …

U.S. Seaweed Farming: How We Can Remedy And Revolutionize Our Industrialized Food System, Gabrielle Alexis Perez

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper explores the potential that regenerative kelp farming along the U.S. coasts can have to remediate environmental degradation caused by our industrialized food system. In chapter 1, using quantitative data from various peer-reviewed journal articles, I explain the ways in which the widespread use of petrochemicals in fuel and fertilizers have contributed to environmental degradation in the form of nitrogen pollution on land and in water, soil erosion, and ocean acidification. Chapter 2 examines the political figures and events that led to our decades-long dependence on petrochemical farming. Then, I discuss seaweed fertilizers as a sustainable alternative for the …

Representativeness Of Eddy-Covariance Flux Footprints For Areas Surrounding Ameriflux Sites, Housen Chu, Xiangzhong Luo, Zutao Ouyang, W. Stephen Chan, Sigrid Dengel, Sébastien C. Biraud, Margaret S. Torn, Stefan Metzger, Jitendra Kumar, M. Altaf Arain, Tim J. Arkebauer, Dennis Baldocchi, Carl Bernacchi, Dave Billesbach, T. Andrew Black, Peter D. Blanken, Gil Bohrer, Rosvel Bracho, Shannon Brown, Nathaniel A. Brunsell, Jiquan Chen, Xingyuan Chen, Kenneth Clark, Ankur R. Desai, Tomer Duman, David Durden, Silvano Fares, Inke Forbrich, John A. Gamon, Christopher M. Gough, Timothy Griffis, Manuel Helbig, David Hollinger, Elyn Humphreys, Hiroki Ikawa, Hiroki Iwata, Yang Ju, John F. Knowles, Sara H. Knox, Hideki Kobayashi

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Large datasets of greenhouse gas and energy surface-atmosphere fluxes measured with the eddy-covariance technique (e.g., FLUXNET2015, AmeriFlux BASE) are widely used to benchmark models and remote-sensing products. This study addresses one of the major challenges facing model-data integration: To what spatial extent do flux measurements taken at individual eddy-covariance sites reflect model- or satellite-based grid cells? We evaluate flux footprints—the temporally dynamic source areas that contribute to measured fluxes—and the representativeness of these footprints for target areas (e.g., within 250–3000 m radii around flux towers) that are often used in flux-data synthesis and modeling studies. We examine the land-cover composition …

The Genetic Basis Of Adaptation To Environmental Stress In Two Grass Genomic Model Systems, David Mitchell Goad

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Plants are exposed to a wide variety of environmental stress in the wild and have developed an equally diverse set of adaptations to tolerate them. The evolutionary processes that have led to this functional diversification, and the specific genes and physiological mechanisms involved, are of immense interest to both evolutionary biologists and crop breeders. In this dissertation I investigate adaptation to different types of environmental stress in two economically important grass species, seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Seashore paspalum is a halophytic turfgrass that occupies habitats which can dramatically differ in salt concentration. Populations may …

Ranking The Counties In Ease Azarbaijan-Iran Based On Agriculture Development Criteria Using Copras Model, Razieh Pourdarbani, Asghar Pashazadeh

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Understanding inequality and imbalances within different geographical areas (country, province and city), and policymaking to reduce inequalities are among the key tasks of the administrators in geographical development sector. Therefore, it is necessary to identify level of development and underdevelopment of agricultural areas in order to achieve sustainable agricultural development. A list of 36 indices including 10 agronomic indices, 7 horticultural indices, 8 livestock indices and 11 mechanization indices was prepared using Statistical Yearbook of 2016. The agricultural ranking of 21 counties was made using the Copras model. Also counties clustered using cluster analysis method included in SPSS software and …

Splitting The Difference: Heterogeneous Soil Moisture Availability Affects Aboveground And Belowground Reserve And Mass Allocation In Trembling Aspen, Ashley T. Hart, Morgane Merlin, Erin Wiley, Simon M. Landhäusser

Aspen Bibliography

When exploring the impact of resource availability on perennial plants, artificial treatments often apply conditions homogeneously across space and time, even though this rarely reflects conditions in natural systems. To investigate the effects of spatially heterogeneous soil moisture on morphological and physiological responses, trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) saplings were used in a split-pot experiment. Following the division of the root systems, saplings were established for a full year and then subjected to either heterogeneous (portion of the root system exposed to non-lethal drought) or homogeneous (whole root system exposed to non-lethal drought or well-watered) treatments. Above- and belowground …

A Living City: Food Accessibility And Urban Growth In New York City, Kat Coleman

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper examines the way in which food equity and localization initiatives, specifically in New York City, are a vital response to urban growth and sustainable food demand. Improvements to the current food system in the form of changing the way food is produced, procured, stored, transported, and distributed improves nutrition and contributes to urban sustainability. Chapter 1 provides data on urban environmental justice issues related to food equity, drawing on research from the United Nations and food justice organizations in New York City. Chapter 2 explores the ethical issues surrounding food access and food justice in an increasingly urban …

La Vacuna Colombiana De Viruela: Un Aporte De La Medicina Veterinaria A La Salud Pública, Luis Carlos Villamil Jiménez

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

No abstract provided.

Percepción Universitaria Sobre El Cuidado Responsable De Animales De Compañía En Costa Rica, Ramsés Alfaro-Mora, Alejandro Román-Hernández, Pablo Tames-Jiménez, Fabiola Sánchez-Mora, Tatiana Fuentes-Espinoza

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el conocimiento que tienen los universitarios sobre el manejo responsable de mascotas en sus hogares. Se realizó un estudio transversal a la población universitaria, cuyo tamaño muestral fue estimado en 369 personas, aunque se encuestaron a 393 estudiantes. El 99 % de los sujetos reporto tener mascotas, y el perro fue el animal más común dentro de los hogares. El método de desparasitación más comúnmente utilizado fue el de uso interno 59,6 %. Las mascotas son desparasitadas más comúnmente cada 3 meses. Se encontró que es más probable que los hombres en posesión de …

La Enfermedad Viral Respiratoria De Origen Zoonótico Que Paralizó Al Mundo: 2020, Un Año De Sindemia, Efraín Benavides Ortíz, Luis Carlos Villamil Jiménez, Gina Polo Infante, Natalia Polanco Palencia

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

No abstract provided.

Mortalidad De Vertebrados Silvestres Por Atropellamiento En El Departamento De Casanare, Colombia, César Rojano Bolaño, Renzo Ávila Avilán

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

Las carreteras generan impactos negativos sobre la biodiversidad, dentro de los cuales los atropellamientos configuran una de las causas directas más relevantes. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la distribución temporal y evaluar los patrones espaciales relacionados con el atropellamiento de vertebrados silvestres en las rutas Yopal-Quebradaseca y Yopal-variante Jagüeyes, en Casanare, Colombia. Entre 2017 y 2018 se realizaron 18 recorridos a 40 km/hora en los que se registraron eventos de atropellamiento. Se determinaron tasas de atropellamiento, puntos calientes, así como variables del paisaje (humedales, vegetación nativa, construcciones) y de la vía (forma y presencia de señales de paso) …

Endocarditis Infecciosa En Canino Con Diagnóstico Previo De Síndrome Vestibular Periférico Secundario A Probable Otitis Media-Interna: Reporte De Caso, María Andrea Guzmán Solano, Pedro Vargas-Pinto, César Augusto Cabrejo Saavedra

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

La endocarditis infecciosa es un proceso patológico de baja incidencia en la clínica diaria; su principal etiología son los agentes bacterianos, los cuales colonizan con mayor prevalencia de válvula mitral y aortica. En este artículo se presenta el estudio de un perro con diagnóstico previo de síndrome vestibular periférico secundario a probable otitis media-interna. Se presenta con un soplo de aparición súbita, claudicaciones intermitentes, inapetencia, depresión y fiebre, por lo cual se hace la valoración ecocardiográfica, donde se evidencia engrosamiento valvular mitral, acompañado de estructuras hiperecoicas en el borde libre que corresponden a lesiones vegetativas. Por medio de los criterios …

Determinación De Selenio En Caprinos De La Localidad De Peldehue, En La Región Metropolitana De Santiago De Chile, Constanza Andrea Rodríguez Latorre, Carlos Andrés Flores Olivares, Eduardo Luján Fernández

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

El selenio (Se) es un componente indispensable dentro de los sistemas antioxidantes del organismo animal, lo que permite su correcto mantenimiento y desarrollo. Por este motivo, su deficiencia se encuentra relacionada con una serie de trastornos oxidativos, que se traducen en una mala salud, reproducción y rendimiento productivo en general. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el balance metabólico nutricional de Se, a través de la medición de las concentraciones sanguíneas del mineral en un establecimiento rural ubicado en la zona central de Chile, en donde existen antecedentes de episodios de mortandad compatibles con su deficiencia. Para esto, se …

Evaluación Productiva De Novillos Cebú Cruzados Con Razas Criollas Bon Y Romo En El Piedemonte Llanero, Juan Carlos Velásquez-Mosquera, Alexander Navas-Panadero

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

Los cruces de razas cebuinas con criollas pueden ser una alternativa para incrementar la eficiencia de la producción de carne. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el desempeño productivo de novillos brahman, cruzados con romosinuano y blanco orejinegro. La investigación se desarrolló en finca San Miguel, ubicada en el municipio de Paratebueno (Cundinamarca). Se evaluó un grupo de novillos contemporáneos brahman, brahman x romosinuano y brahman x blanco orejinegro, que permanecieron juntos en potreros de Brachiaria sp. bajo pastoreo continuo durante un año. Se estimó la ganancia de peso, la producción y calidad de forraje, se midió la temperatura, …