Beyond Bitcoin: Leveraging Blockchain To Benefit Business And Society, 2019 University of Miami School of Law
Beyond Bitcoin: Leveraging Blockchain To Benefit Business And Society, Rachel Epstein, Marcia Narine Weldon
Articles
No abstract provided.
Peacekeeping Operations In West Africa: Mechanisms Of Cooperation Between The United Nations And Ecowas With The Case Studies Concerning The Crises In Liberia And The Gambia, 2019 CUNY City College
Peacekeeping Operations In West Africa: Mechanisms Of Cooperation Between The United Nations And Ecowas With The Case Studies Concerning The Crises In Liberia And The Gambia, Serigne Cheikh Modou Kara Cisse
Dissertations and Theses
The African continent has significantly suffered from a great number of civil wars and armed conflicts since the beginning of the independence era in late 1960s. On May 28, 1975, the creation of a regional The African continent has significantly suffered from a great number of civil wars and armed conflicts since organization in West Africa called the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) took place. The intent was to achieve "collective self-sufficiency" for its member states by building a full economic and trading union. In the late 1990s, the maintenance of peace and security in the region was …
How Liability Insurers Protect Patients And Improve Safety, 2019 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
How Liability Insurers Protect Patients And Improve Safety, Tom Baker, Charles Silver
All Faculty Scholarship
Forty years after the publication of the first systematic study of adverse medical events, there is greater access to information about adverse medical events and increasingly widespread acceptance of the view that patient safety requires more than vigilance by well-intentioned medical professionals. In this essay, we describe some of the ways that medical liability insurance organizations contributed to this transformation, and we catalog the roles that those organizations play in promoting patient safety today. Whether liability insurance in fact discourages providers from improving safety or encourages them to protect patients from avoidable harms is an empirical question that a survey …
Multilateral Development Banks, Their Member States And Public Accountability: A Proposal, 2019 American University Washington College of Law
Multilateral Development Banks, Their Member States And Public Accountability: A Proposal, Daniel D. Bradlow
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
More than 25 years ago the multilateral development banks (MDBs) began establishing independent accountability mechanisms (IAMs), such as the World Bank’s Inspection Panel, to address concerns about MDB accountability to those communities and groups who were harmed by their decisions and actions. This essay argues that these mechanisms need updating. In the interests of promoting new and creative thinking about these mechanisms, it makes an ambitious two-part proposal designed to improve the efficacy of the IAMs, while also respecting the sovereignty of their member states and protecting an appropriate level of immunity for the MDBs. First, the MDBs should jointly …
Black, Poor, And Gone: Civil Rights Law’S Inner-City Crisis, 2019 University of Miami School of Law
Black, Poor, And Gone: Civil Rights Law’S Inner-City Crisis, Anthony V. Alfieri
Articles
In recent years, academics committed to a new law and sociology of poverty and inequality have sounded a call to revisit the inner city as a site of cultural and socio-legal research. Both advocates in anti-poverty and civil rights organizations, and scholars in law school clinical and university social policy programs, have echoed this call. Together they have embraced the inner city as a context for experiential learning, qualitative research, and legal-political advocacy regarding concentrated poverty, neighborhood disadvantage, residential segregation, and mass incarceration. Indeed, for academics, advocates, and activists alike, the inner city stands out as a focal point of …
Quasi Governments And Inchoate Law: Berle's Vision Of Limits On Corporate Power, 2019 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Quasi Governments And Inchoate Law: Berle's Vision Of Limits On Corporate Power, Elizabeth Pollman
All Faculty Scholarship
In honor of the Berle X Symposium, this essay gives prominence to key writings of the distinguished corporate law scholar Adolf A. Berle, Jr. from the 1950s and 60s. By the early 1950s, Berle had rejoined academic life after years in government service. When he returned to scholarly writing, Berle repeatedly highlighted the problem of economic power in corporations. He wrote about this as both an issue of “bigness” as an absolute matter and relative to particular industries in terms of concentration. He conceded that history had vindicated the late Professor E. Merrick Dodd’s view that directors of large corporations …
Why Do Auditors Fail? What Might Work? What Won't?, 2019 Columbia Law School
Why Do Auditors Fail? What Might Work? What Won't?, John C. Coffee Jr.
Faculty Scholarship
Auditing failures and scandals have become commonplace. In response, reformers (including the Kingman Review in the U.K. and a recent report of the U.K.’s Competition and Market Authority) have proposed a variety of remedies, including prophylactic bans on auditors providing consulting services to their clients in the belief that this will minimize the conflicts of interest that produce auditing failures. Although useful, such reforms are already in place to a considerable degree and may have reached the point of diminishing returns. Moreover, this strategy does not address the deeper problem that clients (or their managements) may not want aggressive auditing, …
Being True To Trulia: Do Disclosure-Only Settlements In Merger Objection Lawsuits Harm Shareholders?, 2019 Columbia Law School
Being True To Trulia: Do Disclosure-Only Settlements In Merger Objection Lawsuits Harm Shareholders?, Eric L. Talley, Giuseppe Dari‐Mattiacci
Faculty Scholarship
A significant debate within mergers and acquisitions law concerns the explosive popularity of the “merger objection lawsuit” (MOL), a shareholder action seeking to enjoin an announced deal on fiduciary duty grounds. MOLs blossomed during the Financial Crisis, becoming popularly associated with “shareholder shakedowns,” whereby quick-triggered plaintiff attorneys would file against – and then rapidly settle with – acquirers, typically on non-monetary terms containing modest added disclosures in exchange for blanket class releases and attorney fee awards. This practice unleashed a torrent of criticism from lawyers, commentators, academics, and (ultimately) judges, culminating in a doctrinal shift in Delaware law in the …
Mass Atrocities And Their Prevention, 2019 College of the Holy Cross
Mass Atrocities And Their Prevention, Charles H. Anderton, Jurgen Brauer
Economics Department Working Papers
Counting conservatively, and ignoring physical injuries and mental trauma, data show about 100 million mass atrocity-related deaths since 1900. Occurring in war and in peacetime, and of enormous scale, severity, and brutality, they are geographically widespread, occur with surprising frequency, and can be long-lasting in their adverse effects on economic and human development, wellbeing, and wealth. As such, they are a major economic concern. This article synthesizes very diverse and widely dispersed theoretical and empirical literatures, addressing two gaps: a “mass atrocities gap” in the economics literature and an “economics gap” in mass atrocities scholarship. Our goals are, first, for …
Contractual Incapacity And The Americans With Disabilities Act, 2019 Penn State Dickinson Law
Contractual Incapacity And The Americans With Disabilities Act, Sean M. Scott
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
The doctrine of contractual incapacity allows people with mental disabilities to avoid their contractual liability. Its underlying premise is that the law has an obligation to protect people with such disabilities both from themselves and from unscrupulous people who would take advantage of them; mental incapacity provides this protection by rendering certain contracts unenforceable. The Disability Rights Movement (“DRM”), however, has challenged such protective legal doctrines, as they rest on outmoded concepts about people with mental disabilities.
This essay argues that the mental incapacity doctrine undermines the goals of the DRM and the legislative goals of the Americans with Disabilities …
Bitcoin, Virtual Currencies, And The Struggle Of Law And Regulation To Keep Pace, 2019 Marquette University Law School
Bitcoin, Virtual Currencies, And The Struggle Of Law And Regulation To Keep Pace
Marquette Law Review
At less than a decade old, Bitcoin and other virtual currencies have had a major societal impact, and proven to be a unique payment systems challenge for law enforcement, financial regulatory authorities worldwide, and the investment community. Rapid introduction and diffusion of technological changes throughout society, such as the blockchain that serves as Bitcoin’s crypto-foundation, continue to exceed the ability of law and regulation to keep pace. During 2017 alone, the market price of Bitcoin rose 1,735%, from about $970 to $14,292, causing an investor feeding frenzy. As of September 11, 2018, a total of 1,935 cryptocurrencies are reported, having …
Turning Wisconn Valley Into The Next Silicon Valley: Reforming Wisconsin Non-Compete Law To Attract High-Tech Employers, 2019 Marquette University Law School
Turning Wisconn Valley Into The Next Silicon Valley: Reforming Wisconsin Non-Compete Law To Attract High-Tech Employers, Kelly Krause
Marquette Law Review
The July 2017 arrival of Taiwanese tech-giant Foxconn and the
establishment of the Wisconn Valley Science and Technology Park in Wisconsin
reflects a larger trend in the United States to reinvent the nation’s
manufacturing economy with high-tech production. High-tech employers have
substantial interests in retaining employees in order to protect their valuable
proprietary information and market share. Non-compete agreements, also
known as restrictive covenants or covenants not to compete, are often the legal
device used to secure these interests. This Comment argues that to attract and
retain employers in the tech industry, Wisconsin should reform its non-compete
law by adopting …
ผลกระทบของการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจต่อการจัดเก็บภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล, 2019 คณะนิติศาสตร์
ผลกระทบของการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจต่อการจัดเก็บภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล, ณัชชารีย์ จุรีย์โรจน์
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
ในยุคโลกาภิวัฒน์ที่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปแบบการด าเนินธุรกิจอย่างไร้พรมแดน ย่อมท าให้เกิด การเคลื่อนย้ายทุน แรงงานและเทคโนโลยีระหว่างประเทศได้ง่าย มีการขยายตัวของนักลงทุนและ บริษัทข้ามชาติจ านวนมาก ซึ่งจ าเป็นจะต้องปรับตัวให้ทันต่อสถานการณ์และการเปลี่ยนแปลง ที่เกิดขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็ว ทั้งนี้ บริษัทข้ามชาติซึ่งมักจะเป็นกลุ่มบริษัทที่มีการจัดตั้งและด าเนินธุรกิจอยู่ใน ประเทศตั้งแต่สองประเทศขึ้นไป เพื่อให้กลุ่มบริษัทมีความสามารถในการแข่งขันทางธุรกิจได้และ มีต้นทุนที่ต่ าที่สุด ซึ่งการพิจารณาปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจของบริษัทข้ามชาติเป็นหนึ่งในเครื่องมือที่ใช้ ในการบริหารต้นทุนทางธุรกิจและภาษีเงินได้ของกลุ่มบริษัทให้ลดลงได้โดยมักมีการถ่ายโอนก าไรจาก ประเทศที่มีอัตราภาษีสูงไปยังประเทศที่อัตราภาษีต่ าเพื่อการเลี่ยงภาษีโดยอาศัยช่องว่างของ กฎหมายระหว่างประเทศที่ไม่ลงรอยกัน ตลอดจนการใช้สิทธิประโยชน์ตามอนุสัญญาภาษีซ้อนเพื่อ บรรเทาภาระภาษีซ้อนโดยรวมภายในกลุ่มบริษัทข้ามชาติให้ลดลง ซึ่งส่งผลกระทบโดยตรงต่อ การจัดเก็บภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคลโดยเฉพาะในรัฐแหล่งเงินได้ที่สูญเสียรายได้จากการจัดเก็บภาษี จากบริษัทข้ามชาติเป็นอย่างมาก เอกัตศึกษาฉบับนี้จัดท าขึ้นเพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบของการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจของ บริษัทข้ามชาติในลักษณะรูปแบบโครงสร้างธุรกิจต่างๆ รวมถึงหลักการจัดเก็บภาษีเงินได้และ ผลกระทบที่เกี่ยวข้อง ตลอดจนศึกษาถึงมาตรการเพื่อป้องกันการเลี่ยงภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล จากการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจดังกล่าว เพื่อน ามาประยุกต์ใช้กับบริบทของประเทศไทยได้ นอกจากนี้ ได้ศึกษาถึงกฎหมายและมาตรการต่างๆ ที่ใช้อยู่ในประเทศไทยในปัจจุบัน ซึ่งพบว่า ประเทศไทยยังไม่มีการก าหนดมาตรการรองรับผลกระทบหรือเพื่อป้องกันการเลี่ยงภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล ส าหรับกรณีการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจของบริษัทข้ามชาติไว้เป็นการเฉพาะ ซึ่งอาจส่งผลให้รัฐ ไม่สามารถจัดเก็บหรือจัดเก็บภาษีเงินได้ได้น้อยลง จากการศึกษาผลกระทบของการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจต่อการจัดเก็บภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคล และมาตรการเพื่อป้องกันการเลี่ยงภาษีเงินได้นิติบุคคลจากการปรับโครงสร้างทางธุรกิจโดยใช้รูปแบบ ลักษณะธุรกิจตามแนวทางของ OECD ประกอบกับการศึกษาถึงหลักการจัดเก็บภาษีและมาตรการ ป้องกันการเลี่ยงภาษีเงินได้ของประเทศสวิตเซอร์แลนด์ เพื่อน ามาปรับใช้กับประเทศไทย ซึ่งสามารถ สรุปผลได้ว่า ประเทศไทยสมควรปรับปรุงแก้ไขกฎหมายที่มีอยู่ในปัจจุบันให้มีการป้องกันการเลี่ยงภาษี ไว้เป็นหมวดเฉพาะ รวมถึงปรับปรุงกฎหมายภายในประเทศให้มีอ านาจในการสั่งการผู้ประกอบการ หรือนิติบุคคลจัดท ารายงานเพื่อเป็นการแลกเปลี่ยนข้อมูลระหว่างประเทศ เพื่อเป็นมาตรการป้องกัน การเลี่ยงภาษีอย่างรุนแรงของกลุ่มบริษัทข้ามชาติและลดโอกาสในการเลี่ยงภาษีจากการปรับ โครงสร้างทางธุรกิจและธุรกรรมระหว่างประเทศ
The New Titans Of Wall Street: A Theoretical Framework For Passive Investors, 2019 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
The New Titans Of Wall Street: A Theoretical Framework For Passive Investors, Jill E. Fisch, Asaf Hamdani, Steven Davidoff Solomon
All Faculty Scholarship
Passive investors — ETFs and index funds — are the most important development in modern day capital markets, dictating trillions of dollars in capital flows and increasingly owning much of corporate America. Neither the business model of passive funds, nor the way that they engage with their portfolio companies, however, is well understood, and misperceptions of both have led some commentators to call for passive investors to be subject to increased regulation and even disenfranchisement. Specifically, this literature takes a narrow view both of the market in which passive investors compete to manage customer funds and of passive investors’ participation …
Intellectual Property And The Economics Of Product Differentiation, 2019 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Intellectual Property And The Economics Of Product Differentiation, Christopher S. Yoo
All Faculty Scholarship
The literature applying the economics of product differentiation to intellectual property has been called the most important development in the economic analysis of IP in years. Relaxing the assumption that products are homogeneous yields new insights by explaining persistent features of IP markets that the traditional approaches cannot, challenging the extent to which IP allows rightsholders to earn monopoly profits, allowing for sources of welfare outside of price-quantity space, which in turn opens up new dimensions along which intellectual property can compete. It also allows for equilibria with different welfare characteristics, making the tendency towards systematic underproduction more contingent and …
Private Interests, Public Law, And Reconfigured Inequality In Modern Payment Card Networks, 2019 Penn State Dickinson Law
Private Interests, Public Law, And Reconfigured Inequality In Modern Payment Card Networks, Stephen Wilks
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
This Article examines two phenomena contributing to the racial stratification of consumers in credit card markets. The first phenomenon pertains to the longstanding conflict between card issuers and merchants over payment processing cost allocation. If successful, First Amendment challenges to existing statutory surcharge bans will allow merchants to impose an additional fee when consumers use credit cards as a form of payment. The Article relies on the interplay between socioeconomic class and behavioral theory to suggest subsistence borrowers would be more likely to pay surcharge fees than wealthier consumers. This arrangement disfavors the poor to support a hierarchy of borrowers, …
Dr. Tele-Corporation: Bridging The Access-To-Care Gap, 2019 Penn State Dickinson Law
Dr. Tele-Corporation: Bridging The Access-To-Care Gap, Nader Amer
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
The United States is currently confronting an access-to-healthcare crisis, which rural regions are experiencing at a disproportionate rate. Many commentators have touted telemedicine as a solution for the access-to-care issue. Telemedicine uses video and telecommunication technology to allow physicians to treat patients from distant locations and thus facilitates a more equal distribution of physicians throughout the United States.
Although the telemedicine industry is quickly growing, the corporate practice of medicine doctrine impedes the industry’s expansion and consequently obstructs a viable solution to the access-to-care crisis. Generally, the corporate practice of medicine doctrine prohibits corporations and limited liability companies from employing …
The Anonymity Heuristic: How Surnames Stop Identifying People When They Become Trademarks, 2019 University of Washington School of Law
The Anonymity Heuristic: How Surnames Stop Identifying People When They Become Trademarks, Russell W. Jacobs
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
This Article explores the following question central to trademark law: if a homograph has both a surname and a trademark interpretation will consumers consider those interpretations as intrinsically overlapping or the surname and trademark as completely separate and unrelated words? While trademark jurisprudence typically has approached this question from a legal perspective or with assumptions about consumer behavior, this Article builds on the Law and Behavioral Science approach to legal scholarship by drawing from the fields of psychology, linguistics, economics, anthropology, sociology, and marketing.
The Article concludes that consumers will regard the two interpretations as separate and unrelated, processing surname …
Moral Diversity And Efficient Breach, 2019 Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law
Moral Diversity And Efficient Breach, Matthew A. Seligman
Michigan Law Review
Most people think it is morally wrong to breach a contract. But sophisticated commercial parties, like large corporations, have no objection to breaching contracts and paying the price in damages when doing so is in their self-interest. The literature has ignored the profound legal, economic, and normative implications of that asymmetry between individuals’ and firms’ approaches to breach. To individuals, a contract is a promise that cannot be broken regardless of the financial stakes. For example, millions of homeowners refused to breach their mortgage contracts in the aftermath of the housing crisis even though doing so could have saved them …
Savior Of Rural Landscapes Or Solomon's Choice? Colorado's Experiment With Alternative Water Transfer Methods For Water (Atms), 2019 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado
Savior Of Rural Landscapes Or Solomon's Choice? Colorado's Experiment With Alternative Water Transfer Methods For Water (Atms), Lisa Dilling, John Berggren, Jennifer Henderson, Douglas Kenney
Publications
This article focuses on the emerging landscape for Alternative Transfer Methods (ATMs) in Colorado, USA. ATMs are developing within a legal landscape of water rights governed by prior appropriation law, growing demand for water in urban centers driven by population growth, and an aging rural farm population whose most valuable asset may include senior water rights. Rural-urban water transfers in the past have been linked to the collapse of rural economies if pursued to the extreme extent of “buy-and-dry,” where water rights were purchased outright and permanently removed from agricultural land (e.g. Crowley County). This article focuses on the emerging …