Comparative and Foreign Law Commons^™

Designing Responsive Legal Systems: A Comparative Study, Nofit Amir, Michal Alberstein

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

The drive for efficiency has caused many legal systems to redesign themselves, creating multiple paths for dispute resolution and incorporating settlement-promoting tools into the judicial role. However, as this study shows, legal systems have taken divergent approaches as they redesign themselves to accommodate settlement practices, leading to widely disparate results. This study probes the paths taken by three countries’ legal systems—England and Wales (common law), Israel (mixed), and Italy (continental law)—drawing on court docket analyses, courtroom observations, and interviews with judges in the three legal systems. It uncovers central points of divergence—emphasized stage of dispute resolution, separation vs. combination of …

Citizenship And The First-Generation Limitation In Canada, Michael Pal, Luka Ryder-Bunting

Dalhousie Law Journal

This article considers the current Canadian regime for citizenship by descent and what is known as the “first-generation limitation.” In 2009, Parliament legislated to limit the transmission of citizenship by descent. Known as the “first-generation limitation,” the new rules mean that a Canadian parent is only entitled to pass on their citizenship to their children born abroad if the parent themselves became a citizen by birth inside Canada or by naturalization. In other words, if an individual acquired Canadian citizenship by descent, they are not entitled to pass on their citizenship to their children unless those children are born in …

Technology In The Security Sector: Mexico, Vanessa J. Gutierrez, Melina Ponte, Angiee Rosario, Arleen Castillo, Henry Saldarriaga, Hector Tejeda, Stephanie Reich, Rosemary Barberet

Publications and Research

The use of technology in policing seeks to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the daily duties police officers may encounter. However, there is mixed empirical data on the use of technology and if it is really contributing to the institutional goals of the security sector, or, if it is contributing to other factors. This report provides an exploratory approach to understanding what information technology is being used in Mexico at the state level, in order to compare where broader application of information technology could make impactful contributions to the security situation in the country.

With a focus on six …

All Bets Are On! . . . Line: The Varied Regulatory Framework Of An Interconnected Online Sports Betting System, Meg Graham

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Pregnant Transgender People: What To Expect From The Court Of Justice Of The European Union's Jurisprudence On Pregnancy Discrimination, Hannah Van Dijcke

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

Pregnant transgender people’s experiences vary: they may identify as male or non-binary and may seek gender-affirming medical care to different degrees. This variety in gender identities and bodies puts additional pressure on CJEU’s pregnancy discrimination case law—a case law that is, as this Article argues, already flawed. Building on a critique of the CJEU’s decision in Dekker, this Article discusses three alternative approaches to addressing pregnancy discrimination in EU law. The first two approaches are different ways of construing pregnancy discrimination as sex discrimination. First, the Article discusses a gender-stereotyping approach to direct sex discrimination, and, second, an indirect sex …

Surrogacy And Parenthood: A European Saga Of Genetic Essentialism And Gender Discrimination, Mélanie Levy

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

This paper tells a story of shifting normativities, from tradition to modernity and back, regarding the recognition of legal parenthood in non-traditional families created through crossborder surrogacy. The cross-border nature of the surrogacy is often forced as most domestic legal frameworks in Europe still restrict the creation of non-traditional families through assisted reproductive technologies. Once back home, these families struggle to have birth certificates recognized and establish legal parenthood. The disjuncture between social reality and domestic law creates a situation of legal limbo. In its recent case law, the European Court of Human Rights has pushed for domestic authorities to …

Masthead & Table Of Contents

Dalhousie Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Suspect Development Systems: Databasing Marginality And Enforcing Discipline, Rashida Richardson, Amba Kak

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Algorithmic accountability law—focused on the regulation of data-driven systems like artificial intelligence (AI) or automated decision-making (ADM) tools—is the subject of lively policy debates, heated advocacy, and mainstream media attention. Concerns have moved beyond data protection and individual due process to encompass a broader range of group-level harms such as discrimination and modes of democratic participation. While a welcome and long overdue shift, the current discourse ignores systems like databases, which are viewed as technically “rudimentary” and often siloed from regulatory scrutiny and public attention. Additionally, burgeoning regulatory proposals like algorithmic impact assessments are not structured to surface important –yet …

Comparative Lessons In Sectional Title Laws: Mitigating Urban Inequality In South Africa, Edward Ti

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Urban inequality in South Africa is a formidable problem that is linked to the injustices of its historical apartheid past. This paper identifies sectional titles, a form of property ownership where proprietors wholly own their apartment unit while co-owning the land and common property, as critical to providing more affordable housing. Sectional title schemes mitigate urban inequality by giving a greater proportion of the country the opportunity to own legally secure, well-located dwellings while serving as a platform where communal living could take place. Two suggestions how sectional title legislation can further alleviate aspects of urban inequality are made (1) …

Rethinking Foreign Affairs Deference, Elad D. Gil

Boston College Law Review

How should courts handle cases that implicate foreign relations or national security? What weight should courts give to the executive branch’s view of the law in these matters? To date, one can identify in the jurisprudence of the U.S. Supreme Court no less than four theoretical approaches—varying by the degree of judicial deference due to the executive—that suggest competing visions about the constitutional role of courts in these areas. Each approach has been criticized fiercely for either abdicating the constitutional duty of the courts or obstructing the nation’s pursuit of its security and foreign policy objectives. Absent a clear principle …

Appointing And Training Judges In Egypt And Comparative Systems, Moataz Muhammad Al-Saghir Aidaros

Theses and Dissertations

The topic of the paper is very important, as it comes up at a time when the Egyptians have come to a point that reforming Egypt’s justice system is a hopeless case. This is due to the outdated and inefficient way of thinking and performing in the judiciary. Thus the goal of this paper is to make an intellectual contribution to a sustainable reform program of the Egyptian judiciary and namely the systems of judicial appointment and judicial training using their roles as agents of progress and development. This aspiring research argues that the Higher Council of Judicial Entities and …

Front Matter And Table Of Contents

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Middle East, Mohamed Hashish, Walid Nabil Taha, Alon Kaplan, Meytal Liberman, Daniel Cooper, David Pfeiffer, Ola Saab, Hassan El Khalil, Kelly Blount, Bashar Malkawi, Delissa A. Ridgway

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Mexico, John F. Walsh, Rommy Flores, Sonia Fleury, Carlos A. Bello, Noé Pascacio, Arciria Ireri Oreta Amador, Susan Burns, Diego Alejandro López Martinez, Eduardo Sánchez Madrigal, Yurixhi Gallardo Martinez

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Latin America & Caribbean, Mauricio Becerra De La Roca Donoso, José Francisco Mafia, Leonardo Sempértegui

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

India, Kavita Mohan, Aseem Chawla, Jonathan Blank, Abhishek A. Rastogi, Monisha A. Coelho, Satyajit Gupta, Jaipat S. Jain, Anmabh Choudhary, Aditi Joshi, Assem Chawla, Priyanka Mongia, Poorvi Chothani, Ashwina Pinto, Namrata Patodia Rastogi, Katherine Golden

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

European Law, James Henry Bergeron, Matthew Soper, John Richards, Adam Obadia, Molly O'Casey, Aaron S Schildhaus, Demetrios Eleftherlou, Bradley Varley, Valeria Camboni Miller, Angélique Devaux, Richard Silberstein

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Eurasia/Russia, Kimberly Reed, Sergey Budylin, Thomas Firestone, Maria Grechishkina, Maryna Ilchuk, Dinara Jarmukhanova, Sergey Kim, Natalia Lantanio

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

China, Athena Jiangxiao Hou, Michael Dewey, Qing Lyu, Wei Huang, Steven Shengxing Yu, Ming Li, Ken Dai, Jingbing Li, Yanling Zheng, Hunter Wenxiong Qiu, Qiuming Chen, Rong Kohtz, Asen Velinov

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.

Canada, Angela E. Springate, Jacqueline R. Bart, John W. Boscariol, Chelsey Colbert, Robert A. Glasgow, Theodore Goloff, Annsley Kesten, Kevin Massicotte, Adam Mauntah, Claire Seaborn, Clifford Sosnow, Petra Stewart

The Year in Review

No abstract provided.