Urban Studies and Planning Commons^™

Criterios Para La Descentralización, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El proceso centralizador de la sociedad, la economía, la cultura, la política y el territorio -en un contexto de globalización y revolución científico tecnológico-ha conducido al desarrollo de su antítesis: la descentralización. Este proceso, que se inició en Europa con anticipación a lo ocurrido en América Latina, requiere ser conocido y analizado. Es necesario hacer un balance de las principales experiencias, así como de la historia de los procesos particulares. Mucho más, si se constata que no hoy un modelo de descentralización; aunque es innegable la existencia de ciertas constantes generales. Esto significa que cada país en cada momento debe …

The "Kiddie Cab" Industry Transformation In The 21st Century, Jason Wachs

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

A new niche business has increased in the United States from a handful of private van services in 1992 to almost 250 nationwide. Referred to by many as "kiddie cabs," these private business are more than buses, iii that, they will chauffeur children to after school activities, the dentist, school, and anywhere else that children need to go.

The Kiddie Cab industry must explicitly be separated from publicly owned and operated transportation services for children such as paratransit services, shuttles for specific programs such as the YMCA, and any other transportation services for children that are currently funded and operated …

An Evaluation Of Coastal Community Response To Sea Level Rise On The Delmarva Peninsula, Timothy Villanueva

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this project is to evaluate the response of coastal community comprehensive plans to the threats posed by sea level rise. The communities evaluated are Chincoteague, VA, Ocean City, MD, and Rehoboth Beach, DE. The results of the evaluations illustrate to what extent these communities are prepared to deal with sea level rise and provide a basis for recommendations to improve plan quality. The level of community risk and the components of the individual comprehensive plans are evaluated using new models created for this project. Risk level is measured using computer disaster simulations, topographic and demographic data. The …

Time Point-Level Analysis Of Passenger Demand And Transit Service Reliability, Thomas J. Kimpel, James G. Strathman, Kenneth Dueker

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This paper provides a framework for analyzing transit service reliability and estimating passenger demand at the time point-level of analysis. It begins with a literature review of passenger demand modeling and transit service reliability analysis, and shows how advances in transportation technologies are producing vast amounts of data that encourage the use of new modeling techniques. Differences between route-level and time point-level demand modeling are discussed. Lastly, the results of the passenger demand and transit service reliability models estimated from Tri-Met BDS data are presented.

The Effects Of Roadway Capacity On Peak Narrowing - Evidence From 1995 Npts, Jihong Zhang, Anthony M. Rufolo, Kenneth Dueker, James G. Strathman

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

Spreading of the peak is one effect of increased peak-period congestion. Due to peak spreading, the travel-time impact of congestion is mitigated for some travelers, but the inconvenience of traveling at a less-preferred time also has a cost. Alternatively, increases in capacity have their impacts on peak-period congestion mitigated by a narrowing of the peak. This reduces the travel-time savings, but it generates a benefit for those traveling closer to their preferred times. This benefit from capacity improvements has largely been ignored, and one reason is the difficulty of quantifying the effect. This paper reports on some crude attempts to …

A Clearinghouse Approach To Sharing Transportation Gis Data, Kenneth Dueker, J. Allison Butler, Paul Bender, Jihong Zhang

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

Updating and maintaining Geographic Information Systems-Transportation data (GIS-T data) is proving difficult. Different database formats needed to support diverse applications leads to inconsistencies and inaccuracies, and duplication in updating. A clearinghouse approach is recommended for the collection and dissemination of new transportation features that can be segmented in different ways to meet the needs of various applications and inserted to update existing GIS-T databases. The clearinghouse approach is advantageous in that it is based on collecting data about new or changed transportation features once and uses the data many times to update existing databases.

State Of Ohio's Urban Regions Reports: Employment Change, Ziona Austrian, John P. Blair

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Changing Times, Changing Enrollments: How Recent Demographic Trends Are Affecting Enrollments In Portland Public Schools, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Barry Edmonston

School District Enrollment Forecast Reports

The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of the demographic factors affecting recent enrollment changes in Portland Public Schools. Toward this goal, the report discusses how trends in births, migration, and international migration have affected public school enrollments in Portland. This report reaches four main conclusions: * First and foremost, public school enrollments have declined in recent years primarily because there have been sizeable decreases in the number of students entering kindergarten and the early elementary school grades. Smaller numbers of entering students are, in turn, the result of substantial reductions in the number of births--reductions that …

The Path Ahead: Future Enrollments In Portland Public Schools, 2000-2010, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Barry Edmonston

School District Enrollment Forecast Reports

This report provides a school Enrollment Forecast, including demographic information, for Portland Public Schools. The report considers several factors that are likely to affect the school district's enrollments between the present and 2010, including the future number of births, net migrants, and the proportion of school-age children and youth enrolled in the public schools. To take into account a variety of demographic and enrollment possibilities, this report describes five different scenarios of housing, population, and enrollment changes for the ten years between 2000 to 2010.

Oregon's Changing Demographics 2000, George C. Hough Jr., Portland State University. Population Research Center

Oregon Population Estimates and Reports

This is a report on Oregon's changing demographics in 2000.

Evolución De La Forma De Organización Territorial En Quito: Sus Momentos Históricos Cruciales, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El proceso urbano de Quito tiene durante el último siglo dos momentos históricos cruciales: el primero, definido por el predominio de las relaciones capitalistas de producción, la constitución del Estado Nacional y la articulación bicefálica de la urbanización en el país que corresponden, cronológicamente, al período de la Revolución Liberal (1895-1910); y el segundo, caracterizado por un agudo proceso de transformaciones tan sólo comparable en magnitud e importancia con el momento anterior (ver Gráfico No. 1), deducido del proceso de modernización capitalista que vive el Estado y la sociedad civil en el conjunto del país.

Cada uno de estos hitos …

Dialectics Of Control : The Origins And Evolution Of Conflict In Portland's Neighborhood Association Program, Matthew Witt

Dissertations and Theses

In 1974, the City of Portland established, by city ordinance, the Office of Neighborhood Associations (ONA). This ordinance also codified a set of commitments the City would make to involve citizens in local decision making pertaining to a wide variety of issues, from land use development policies to various service allocations.

Beginning with thirty active neighborhood-based groups in 1974, ONA helped organize thirty more neighborhood associations (NAs) over the next five years. Today, the City hosts over ninety active NAs. This dissertation chronicles changes that have occurred in Portland's Neighborhood Association program over a roughly 24-year period, spanning 1974–1998. A …

Can We Protect Agricultural Land And The Scenic Rural Landscape? The Spatial Effects Of Three Land Protection Strategies In The Eastern United States, Elizabeth Brabec, Chip Smith

Elizabeth Brabec

In order to assess the efficacy of the three most common types of agricultural land conservation in the United States, this study analyzes the spatial and visual quality of a purchase of development rights program and two regulatory programs — cluster and the transfer of development rights. The study compares the effectiveness of programs that have been in place for periods of 6 to 18 years, surveying three different communities in the urban fringe: 1. the transfer of development rights program in Montgomery County, Maryland, in effect since 1981, 2. Riverhead, New York’s farmland development rights acquisition program, administered by …

Fragmentation, Impervious Surfaces And Water Quality: Quantifying The Effects Of Density And Spatial Arrangement, Elizabeth Brabec, Paul Richards, Stacey Schulte

Elizabeth Brabec

Impervious surfaces have for many years been recognized as an indicator of the intensity of the urban environment and, with the advent of urban sprawl, they have become a key issue in habitat health. In addition to the direct impacts to water quality, impervious surfaces fragment open space and habitat and are therefore a primary land use indicator of both water quality and ecological degradation. This paper develops an understanding of the land use planning implications of the interaction of impervious surfaces, water quality and the spatial form those surfaces take in a watershed. In order to clarify these relationships, …

Downtown Miami: The Old And The New, Nicholas Patricios

Nicholas Patricios

An architectural tour of the significant historic and modern buildings in downtown Miami organized for the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Architectural Historians, June, 2000.

Congratulations On City's Renaissance, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"The excellent and comprehensive front-page story on the Providence Renaissance by Bill Van Sicen in Sunday's Providence Journal of May 21, 2000, nicely brought together all of the exciting development from the recent past, the present, the planned future and the vision of what the long-term future might be for the capital city's center. And the map, which depicted the location of these 18 development sites, was impressive in the sense that so much of the downtown and nearby areas have been and will be affected by this development. Oh, how different from the recent past."

A Framework For Gis-T Data Sharing, Kenneth Dueker, J. Allison Butler

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This paper develops a framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. The framework is intended to clarify roles among participants, data producers, data integrators, and data users. The principles are intended to provide guidance for the participants. Both the framework and the principles are based on an enterprise GIS-T data model that defines relations among transportation data elements. The data model guards against ambiguities and provides a basis for the development of the framework and principles for sharing of transportation data. There are two central principles. First is the uncoupling of graphics, topology, position, and characteristics. Second is the …

Sharing Transportation Gis Data, Kenneth Dueker, Paul Bender, Jihong Zhang

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

Updating and maintaining Geographic Information Systems-Transportation data (GIS-T data) is proving difficult. Different database formats needed to support diverse applications leads to inconsistencies and inaccuracies, and duplication in updating. Dueker and Butler (1998) have proposed an Enterprise GIS-T data model that unbundles the various components of transportation data (network links, cartography, and attributes) to facilitate generating application-specific networks, and which eases updating and maintenance. However, developers of existing application-specific databases that employ integrated data models that bundle the network link with cartography and attributes are reluctant to step back to an intermediate form for managing their data. Consequently, attention is …

Analysis Of Induced Travel In The 1995 Npts, James G. Strathman, Kenneth Dueker, Thomas W. Sanchez, Jihong Zhang, Ann-Elizabeth Riis

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

In this paper we estimate the relationship between road capacity and vehicle miles of travel (VMT) from a sample of 12,000 respondents from 48 urban areas in the 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). Our approach seeks to account for the effects of residential location, employment location, and commute mode choice in estimating the effect of capacity on VMT. VMT is found to be directly related to road capacity, as well as indirectly related through the influence of road capacity on residential and work place densities.

La Constitución De Un Estado Descentralizado, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Hasta antes de los 70, en el Ecuador operaba un esquema de descentralización del Estado fundamentado en una doble condición, una de carácter funcional y otra de carácter territorial. Eran formas de descentralización funcional por ejemplo, el Banco de la Vivienda y el Banco Central. Son expresiones de la descentralización territorial los Municipios y los Consejos Municipales y Provinciales. Estas son instancias que se consolidan y fortalecen en la década de los 70 s, durante el boom petrolero. En esos años se emprendieron grandes proyectos nacionales tales como represas, proyectos de riego, electrificación y otros que fueron manejados no por …

Ballot Measure 82: Gas Tax Increase And Weight-Mile Tax Repeal, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

A Proposal To The Governor: 'Let's Get Together', Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Americans have always had a dislike of cities. From the time Thomas Jefferson who felt that the good life was to be found in rural areas to that of Frank Lloyd Wright who claimed that cities were for banking and prostitution and little else, the American city has received little sympathy on the part of most Americans."

Bus Transit Operations Control: Review And An Experiment Involving Tri-Met’S Automated Bus Dispatching System, James G. Strathman, Thomas J. Kimpel, Kenneth Dueker

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

An operations plan contains information on the provision of transit service, including intended service levels, vehicle availability, and driver schedules. Agency resources would be utilized efficiently if the operations plan could be executed without disruptions in service. When service disruptions occur, the aim of operations control is to optimize system performance given the current state of the system (Wilson et al., 1992). This typically involves actions intended to either return service to schedule or restore headways separating vehicles. Disruptions in service impose costs on transit providers in the form of reduced productivity and on passengers in the form of increased …

Highlights: Accomplishments Of Portland's Downtown Plan, Central City Plan, Albina Community Plan, Outer Southeast Community Plan, Portland (Or.). Bureau Of Planning

Portland Regional Planning History

All four plans were comprehensive. Their scope included transportation, housing, economic development, parks and open space, natural resources, urban design, and land use. Large scale planning efforts had previously focused on a limited set of concerns, such as parking, commercial revitalization, or housing. The Downtown Plan, Central City Plan, Albina Community Plan, and Outer Southeast Community Plan, on the other hand, evaluated, balanced, and integrated the different elements so that each action was taken in light of its effect on others. Extensive citizen involvement shaped the content of these plans and contributed to their success.

If You Build It, Will They Come? The Effect Providing Recreation And Parks Has On Attracting New Businesses, Peter Bernard Lamont Jr.

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This study investigates recreation and park's influence on the Rio Grande Valley's ability to attract businesses. Input was solicited from companies that initially located or relocated in the Rio Grande Valley within the last ten years. Quality of life is compared to six possible influences on the location/relocation decision. Recreation and parks is scored relative to five other indicators of the quality of life. Relative importance is determined through a Likert scale. Company types are broken down into manufacturing/distribution and technical/headquarters companies plus small and large companies. Company types and sizes are be compared against each other and the overall …

The Nasa Glenn Research Center: An Economic Impact Study, Ziona Austrian, Adina Swirski Wolf

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

This study describes the impact of GRC on the State of Ohio and on Northeast Ohio, where GRC is located. Northeast Ohio includes the eight counties in the Akron and Cleveland metropolitan areas.1 This report is an expansion and update of an earlier study, published in February 1996.2 As before, this study employs two methods to determine GRC’s influence on the state and local economies. The first method uses quantitative models to estimate the effect of GRC on the studied economies. These models measure economic impact in terms of growth in total output, household earnings, and number of new jobs …

Ballot Measure 81: Limitations On Civil Damages, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

Tiger Woods, A Herald For The Blending Of The Races In U.S., Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Tiger Woods, perennial winner of gold tournaments, has a unique way of describing his ancestry. When asked his background, e claims to be a "Caublasin," i.e., Caucasoid, Black, Asian and Indian. But, in reality, the Tiger may not be unique in a country that is now moving toward becoming a blended multiracial society."

Ballot Measure 80: Allow Use Of Highway Fund For Policing, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

Hollywood And Sandy Plan Action Charts: Adopted By Resolution Number 35875, Portland (Or.). Office Of The City Auditor

Portland City Archives

No abstract provided.