Inequality and Stratification Commons^™

On The Precipice Of Intersectionality: The Influence Of Race, Gender, And Offense Severity Interactions On Probation Outcomes, Kevin Steinmetz, Howard M. Henderson

Howard M Henderson

This analysis examines the impact of established predictors on probation failure utilizing a large randomly selected sample of adult probationers. Initial findings suggest that race, gender, location, offense severity as well as risk assessment scores significantly predict probation failure. This study then examines interaction effects between race and gender as well as race and offense severity. Results indicate such interactions may matter in studying probation failure, despite reason to be cautious about their interpretation. Importantly, the results of the interaction model suggest that the interaction between being an African American and male is a significant predictor of probation failure. Additionally, …

Psychometric Racial And Ethnic Predictive Inequities, Howard M. Henderson

Howard M Henderson

Recent findings have held that offender behavioral assessments unfairly predict the probation outcomes of racial/ethnic minorities. To that end, this study examines the extent and degree to which a commonly used offender risk needs assessment instrument equitably predicts probationer success and distributes predictive error. Findings suggest that the risk needs instrument predicts most equitably for “higher risked” probationers and that error is more likely for under-classified Blacks and over-classified Whites. The discussion presents issues for consideration by policy makers, practitioners, and future researchers motivated by the minimization of predictive bias.

Karl Marx And His Ideas About Inequality, Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.

Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.

Marx has looked inequality in his own particular way. He has nowhere discussed about inequality in direct terms but his ideas about it are widely spread in his writings.

Success In These Schools? Visual Counternarratives Of Young Men Of Color And Urban High Schools They Attend, Shaun R. Harper, Ph.D.

Shaun R. Harper, Ph.D.

The overwhelming majority of published scholarship on urban high schools in the United States focuses on problems of inadequacy, instability, underperformance, and violence. Similarly, across all schooling contexts, most of what has been written about young men of color continually reinforces deficit narratives about their educational possibility. Taken together, images of Black and Latino male students in inner-city schools often manufacture dark, hopeless visualizations of imperiled youth and educational environments. Using photographic data from a study of 325 college-bound juniors and seniors attending 40 public New York City high schools, this article counterbalances one-sided mischaracterizations of young men of color …

The One Child Policy: The Impacts On The Future Of The People's Republic Of China, Rachel Ng

Rachel Ng

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Parental Migration On Educational Progress Of Left-Behind Children In Rural China (Literature Review), Grace Lee

Grace Lee

No abstract provided.

Women’S Human Rights In Turkey: Between Islam And Secularism?, Nuket Kardam

Nüket Kardam

No abstract provided.

Background To Breaking The Silence Surrounding The Black British Life Experience, Gloria Gordon Phd

Gloria Gordon PhD

The papers included under this subject heading – Breaking the Silence Surrounding the Black British Life Experience – offer insights into the research journey I embarked on in exploring the black British Caribbean life experience with a view to transformational change.

Black Men As College Athletes: The Real Win-Loss Record, Shaun R. Harper, Ph.D.

Shaun R. Harper, Ph.D.

Point of view published on the back cover of The Chronicle of Higher Education, January 24, 2014.

The New International Division Of Labor, Dependency Theory And The Global Economy, Heidi Feight

Heidi Feight

No abstract provided.

Voice Without Say: Why Capital-Managed Firms Aren’T (Genuinely) Participatory, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

Why are most capitalist enterprises of any size organized as authoritarian bureaucracies rather than incorporating genuine employee participation that would give the workers real authority? Even firms with employee participation programs leave virtually all decision-making power in the hands of management. The standard answer is that hierarchy is more economically efficient than any sort of genuine participation, so that participatory firms would be less productive and lose out to more traditional competitors. This answer is indefensible. After surveying the history, legal status, and varieties of employee participation, I examine and reject as question-begging the argument that the rarity of genuine …

A Theory Without A Movement, A Hope Without A Name: The Future Of Marxism In A Post-Marxist World, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

Just as Marx's insights into capitalism have been most strikingly vindicated by the rise of neoliberalism and the near-collapse of the world economy, Marxism as social movement has become bereft of support. Is there any point in people who find Marx's analysis useful in clinging to the term "Marxism" - which Marx himself rejected -- at time when self-identified Marxist organizations and societies have collapsed or renounced the identification, and Marxism own working class constituency rejects the term? I set aside bad reasons to give on "Marxism," such as that the theory is purportedly refuted, that its adoption leads necessarily …

Wrongs Against Immigrants' Rights: Why Terminating The Parental Rights Of Deported Immigrants Raises Constitutional And Human Rights Concerns, Rachel C. Zoghlin

Rachel Claire Zoghlin

Since President Barack Obama first took office in January 2009, his administration has made immigration enforcement a top priority. In 2012, the U.S. government spent more money to deport immigrants – $18 billion – than on the FBI, Secret Service, DEA, U.S. Marshal Service and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms combined. Since January 2009, the Obama administration has removed over 2.2 million immigrants. Of the over 211,000 individuals deported between January and June of 2011, nearly 22% (over 46,000) are parents of U.S.-citizen children. One collateral consequence of these deportations is that over 5,100 children have been placed …

Neoliberalism And The Law: How Historical Materialism Can Illuminate Recent Governmental And Judicial Decision Making, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

Neoliberalism can be understood as the deregulation of the economy from political control by deliberate action or inaction of the state. As such it is both constituted by the law and deeply affects it. I show how the methods of historical materialism can illuminate this phenomenon in all three branches of the the U.S. government. Considering the example the global financial crisis of 2007-08 that began with the housing bubble developing from trade in unregulated and overvalued mortgage backed securities, I show how the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, which established a firewall between commercial and investment banking, allowed this …

A Phenomenolical Study And Meta-Analysis Of Declining Membership And Participation In The Church, Cliffrod E. Jones Jr.

Cliffrod E Jones Jr.

This study seeks to establish a multifactor approach to the problem of declining membership and participation that allows a broader defense against the negative effects of separate causalities. A meta-analysis of past and current study into the phenomenon investigates currently recognized causalities, and forms a grounded basis for the study questions, while personal interviews from a sampling of churches, church leaders and church members provides additional quantitative data for review, comparison, weighting and analysis of the phenomenon.

Slaves To Contradictions: 13 Myths That Sustained Slavery, Wilson Huhn

Wilson R. Huhn

People have a fundamental need to think of themselves as “good people.” To achieve this we tell each other stories – we create myths – about ourselves and our society. These myths may be true or they may be false. The more discordant a myth is with reality, the more difficult it is to convince people to embrace it. In such cases to sustain the illusion of truth it may be necessary to develop an entire mythology – an integrated web of mutually supporting stories. This paper explores the system of myths that sustained the institution of slavery in the …

Adult Student Retention: Important To Your Institution’S Bottom Line, Andree Robinson-Neal

Andree Robinson-Neal

This article is in response to EvoLLLution's May Panel discussion entitled "Adult student retention: Why devote special resources to this group?" and focuses on the value that adult students add to higher education institutions.

The Right To Be Fat, Yofi Tirosh

Yofi Tirosh

Policy discussions on the increasing weight of Americans, portrayed as a problem of monumental and grim outlook, preoccupy public health experts, scientists, economists, and the popular media. In the legal field, however, discussions have tended to focus on whether weight should be a protected category under antidiscrimination law and on cost-benefit models for creating incentives to lose weight. This Article takes a novel approach to thinking about weight in the legal context. First, it maps the diverse ways in which the law is recruited to “the war against obesity,” thus providing an unprecedented account of what it means to be …

Ain’T I A Woman, Too?: The Thirteenth Amendment, In Defense Of Incarcerated Women’S Reproductive Rights, Alexandria Gutierrez

Alexandria Gutierrez

In her memoir, Harriet Ann Jacobs highlights the unique impact slavery had on women. The physical dominion imposed upon female slaves included both internal and external bodily control. Beyond sexual exploitation, the bodies of female slaves were used for a type of labor for which their male counterparts were not capable: reproduction. Forced pregnancy in the slavery context was a tragic and violative experience affecting women physically, psychologically, and emotionally. Long after the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment, slavery-like practices lived on through social, political, and economic mechanisms. In the penological context, peonage laws, penal plantations, and chain gangs were …

Changing The World With One Cell: The Story Of Hela, Allison Roberts

Allison Roberts

Poster Created for the Diversity Committee Fall 2011 Culture Corner featuring The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. Henrietta Lacks’ cell culture spawned changes in medicine, science, ethics, society and the world. This Semester’s Culture Corner features selections from UT Libraries collection that highlight the areas effected by this one human and her immortal cell.

Fairness In Disparity: Challenging The Application Of Disparate Impact Theory In Fair Housing Claims Against Insurers, Matthew Jordan Cochran

Matthew Jordan Cochran

This article responds to courts and commentators that have expressed willingness to apply the familiar "disparate impact" analysis--which is a creation of Title VII (employment discrimination) jurisprudence--in suits against homeowners' insurers. Specifically, these insurers' credit-based pricing mechanisms systems are attacked under the Fair Housing Act as having a discriminatory effect on members of protected classes with poor credit. Unfortunately, there are a number of legal, conceptual, and practical arguments against application of this Title VII standard in such cases. Yet courts endorsing this standard do not appear to have given due consideration to the possibility that some disparities simply might …

Utilizing The Past To Shape The Future: The Rehabilitation Of Child Soldiers In Darfur, Michael K. Marriott

Michael K Marriott

Child soldiering, an unfortunate reality of war, has become increasingly common in modern warfare. With world attention focused on the genocide taking place in the Darfur region of Sudan, issues regarding the use of child soldiers in the conflict have come to light. By providing an overview of the use of child soldiers both globally and in Sudan, discussing the relevant legal norms theoretically governing the country and providing a case study on Sierra Leone, this paper ultimately provides an analysis and proposed framework for comprehensive programs that could be put into action after cessation of hostilities in an attempt …

Debt, Financial Distress, And Bankruptcy Over The Life Course, Allison L. Mann, Ronald J. Mann

Ronald Mann

This paper examines how the risks of debt, financial distress, and bankruptcy shift over the life course. Comparing parallel data from the 2007 Survey of Consumer Finances and the 2007 Consumer Bankruptcy Project, we analyze use of the bankruptcy process as a product of the distribution of unplanned events, the ability of households to use credit markets to limit the adverse effects of such events, and barriers in access to the bankruptcy system. Our findings suggest two things. One, bankrupt households generally come from the bottom quartiles of the population in assets and income and the top quartile in debt, …

Las Políticas De Acceso A La Educación Superior En La Primera Década Del Siglo Xxi: Entre El Universalismo Y La Focalización, Roberto Rodríguez-Gómez, Alejandro Márquez-Jiménez

Roberto Rodríguez-Gómez

Con información de las Encuestas Nacionales de Ingreso y Gasto de los Hogares (ENIGH) se analizan para el periodo 2000‐2008, los cambios ocurridos en los patrones de acceso a las instituciones de educación (públicas y privadas) y becas educativas gubernamentales, según el decil de ingreso económico de los hogares. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en valorar la pertinencia de las políticas focalizadas aplicadas en el sector en los últimos años y que expresan la intención de priorizar la atención hacia la población más pobre. Los resultados indican que son limitados los logros de estas políticas, pues con excepción de la …

Comment On James Boyd White's Book "Living Speech" (Princeton 2006), Yofi Tirosh

Yofi Tirosh

Professor White introduces a new way for thinking about speech; a new measure for assessing it. He invites us to use speech carefully and responsibly, in what he calls “living speech.” Caring about the value of speech is not merely an aesthetic endeavor. As meaning making creatures, as “centers of meaning,” we should know how to recognize the speech that is essential to our humanness. Because living speech is “what enables any of us to be a person in the first place” (16).

How can we recognize living speech? The short answer that White gives us, which is indeed poetic …

Bloomsbury Cyber Junction (Bcj), Nechells

Hugh Thompson

No abstract provided.

A Name Of One's Own: Gender And Symbolic Legal Personhood In The European Court Of Human Rights, Yofi Tirosh

Yofi Tirosh

Legal regulation of surnames provides a fascinating venue for examining how women negotiate their interests of autonomy and of stable personhood vis a vis a patriarchal naming structure. This is a study of 25 years of adjudication of surnames and personal status at the European Court of Human Rights. It explores the intricate ways in which legal norms governing surnames (and their judicial interpretation) sustain, shape, and reify social institutions such as gender, family, and citizenship.

As a pan European court, the adjudication of the ECHR operates within the framework of human rights. The universal characteristics of human rights principles …

The Use Of Sms [Text Messaging] And Language Transformation In Bangladesh, Abu Sadat Nurullah

Abu Sadat Nurullah

The aim of the present paper is to explore the evolution of language in SMS-mediated communication among Bangladeshis, particularly among university students. Key findings indicate that the majority of respondents (69.7%) send 1-5 text messages (SMS) on an average each day, followed by 22.7% who send 6-10 SMS per day; that most young people (49.7%) mix up Bengali and English (known as Benglish) languages (also, Hindi and other languages) while typing SMS on their mobile phones; that most respondents (64.0%) do not follow the rules of capitalization while typing SMS; that most respondents (67.7%) use abbreviations (gr8, ASAP, LOL) in …

'Are You Married, Sir?': Heteronormativity In British Schools & Its Impact Upon Queer Staff & Pupils - A Generational Prespective, Emily M. Gray Dr

Dr Emily M Gray

No abstract provided.

Hamadryas Visual Identification Guide, David W. Markman

David W Markman

No abstract provided.