Social Work Commons^™

Operational Problems Of New Communities, Chester C. Mcguire

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The development of Reston, Virginia and Columbia, Maryland in the early 1960's produced much speculation concerning the role of new towns in future urban growth. Supporters of new towns have offered them as prescriptions for many of the ills found in urban America today: as opposed to the sprawling, often poorly designed and frequently single class typical suburban community. However, in the decade that has passed since the inception of Reston and Columbia large numbers of planned new towns have not been built, due in large part to the myriad problems of new town development which are now general knowledge.

New Towns And Social Welfare Prospects: 1975 - 2000 A.D., Arthur B. Shostak

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

America's 15 HUD-aided new towns are mired in such serious financial problems as to make likely the emphatic close of the 1968-1974 Golden Age of modern new town development. Contrary, however, to present-day indications there is reason to expect a revival of new town prospects in the late 1970's, and social welfare components may be center stage in the matter.

There is no gainsaying the seriousness of the 1975 collapse of the American new towns movement: HUD, for example, from a prior commitment to approving at least ten projects a year between 1968 and 2000 A.D. is now refusing to …

Residential Alienation, Home Ownership And The Limits Of Shelter Policy, Peter Marcuse

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

There is greater public confusion over housing policy today than there has been in any comparable period in the last thirty years. The Nixon-Ford administration's wholesale program terminations and budget slashes only cloak the problem temporarily. Everyone agrees that the ostrich ought to get his head out of the sand, but few agree where he should go once he doel so. Housing allowances, at this point, seem to many the best answei; at least they haven't been proven wanting yet. But others disagree, and certainly there is reason to be wary.

Condominium Housing: Some Social And Economic Implications, Frank G. Mittelbach, Joe Ebin

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The functioning of condominium communities and projects has received increased attention from housing analysts in many professions. As of 1973, there were an estimated 15,000 condominium and townhouse communities in the United States, a figure expanding approximately by 4,000 annually.

In this context, the proliferation of home owners associations in the communities or projects is of special interest due to their emerging role as a new form of residential government. This role manifests itself as both supplementary and in part complementary to the existing government framework. The collective provision and maintenance of selected services, including roads, utilities, lighting, refuse collection, …

The Impact Of Urban Removal From A Child's Point Of View, L. K. Northwood

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It is the premise of this paper that forced urban resettlement has more devastating consequences for children and their families than the usual voluntary moving process. The moving process, whether forced or voluntary, involves the following phases: a decision to change the place of residence, an exploration of housing opportunities in various areas, the final selection of one of these, activities associated with making the move, and activities associated with getting settled in the new house and neighborhood.

Social Research On Housing In The United States: Directions And Themes, Shirley S. Angrist

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

I shall present a selective overview of recent themes and directions in social research on housing in the U.S. I narrowed the topic by focusing on research centering on the family and on neighborhood. These topics offer ways to concentrate on "social" research and to narrow a rather broad topic.

My meaning of "social" research encompasses work not only by sociologists. It also includes the separate or collaborative work of other disciplines, especially psychology, anthropology, social psychology, architecture and urban planning. Research on housing has from its Post-World War II flowering been an interdisciplinary enterprise. And it continues to be …

Relocation Of Vancouver's Chinatown Residents Under Urban Renewal, Richard Nann

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Introduction. This is a study of the relocation patterns of Chinese-Canadian residents in an area undergoing urban renewal in Vancouver in the late 1960's. The study shows the inadequacies of simplistic social planning. The study indicates the need to understand the variety of responses to forced relocation, based on social class, the stage in the family life cycle and ethnicity. The study points out the different ways various families view the old neighborhood and the Chinese community as a whole, and, as part of this, how they view urban renewal. The study shows how housing and residential preferences relate to …

Gemeinschaft Vs. Gesellschaft In A Finnish New Town, Stanley F. Wiseman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Excerpt from the full-text article:

This article has a dual purpose: (1) to describe report on the creation and progress of one of the most famous New Towns, Tapiola, in Finland, and (2) to "operationalize" in this scene the dual concepts of Ferdinand Tbnnies' Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, or al they have come to be identified modernly, cimunity and contract bureaucracy. (T~nnies, 1963:12-25) This approach is used because the major attempt in the world today to restore the peopleoriented element of Geeinschaft to local government is being taken in the New Town setting, and one of the most successful (according to …

Alternative Methods Of Providing Services For The Elderly In Independent And Semi-Independent Living Arrangements, Elizabeth Huttman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The purpose of this report is to relate some advantages and disadvantages of using the community based services versus the development based services; a number of examples from our case studies will be given and data from our surveys of the elderly residents and of managers will be examined.

Social Equality And The Housing Allowance Approach To Assisting The Poor, Elizabeth Huttman, John Huttman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This report discusses the role housing assistance has played in the United States in decreasing social inequality of America's poor, and then, in more detail, discusses the degree to which a housing allowance program, now being experimented with, might do a better job of diminishing social inequality. The report is based on the author's ten years of research on subsidized housing programs, especially public housing, new towns, housing for the elderly, and most recently, the HUD experymental housing allowance program and European housing allowance programs.

Social Service And Urban-Renewal: A Case Illustration, Brian J. Langdon, Norman N. Goroff

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The city of Stamford, Connecticut has an Urban Renewal project as have most Urban centers. The Family Relocation Divison of Stamford's Urban Redevelopment Commission (URC) entered into a contract with the Family and Children's Services (FCS) to provide one day a week consultation to the Relocation staff and client services to the families in the renewal area. This consultation involved in-service training programs geared toward helping the relocation staff increase their skills in identifying problems within families and in assisting families to obtain help. As a result of this consultation, the relocation workers frequently would discuss the problems of the …

The Welfare Calculus Allocations And Utilization Within The American States, John E. Tropman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Within the history of the American states, the attitude toward "welfare" had been fundamentally ambivalent. On the one hand there is a great thrust in this country toward charity, and toward helping the poor. Much is given each year to United Funds across the country (860 million in 1972-73), and the Christmas listing by the New York Times of the 100 "neediest cases" results in much spontaneous offering of aid. On the other hand, Americans are singularly suspicious of institutionalizing this impulse. These suspicions leave the United States behind other comparable countries in providing social welfare benefits. Indeed, so suspicious …

The Politics Of Funding: Human Needs And Social Welfare, Robert F. Kronick

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Sociological theory has provided two models that attempt to explain social power and decision making in America, the elite model (Mills) and the pluralist model. Mills saw power in America like particles dispersed in a triangle--with more and more power at the top, but more people at the base of the triangle. For Mills there was a powerful elite that ruled almost like a monarchy and decision making on all fronts was vested in them. Rebellion as utilized in Merton's paradigm would turn this triangle upside down in setting up new goals and new means, as well as distributing power …