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Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Studies
A Method Of Uncertainty Analysis For Whole-Life Embodied Carbon Emissions (Co2-E) Of Building Materials Of A Net-Zero Energy Building In Australia, Mehdi Robati, Daniel J. Daly, Georgios Kokogiannakis
A Method Of Uncertainty Analysis For Whole-Life Embodied Carbon Emissions (Co2-E) Of Building Materials Of A Net-Zero Energy Building In Australia, Mehdi Robati, Daniel J. Daly, Georgios Kokogiannakis
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B
The construction of new buildings requires the use of a substantial amount of materials, which have an associated embodied energy for manufacturing, transport, construction and end-of-life disposal. A number of inventories have been developed to collate the typical embodied energy or carbon emissions associated with different building materials and activities, and these can be used to quantify the environmental impacts of different construction methods. However, uncertainty exists in the estimation of embodied CO2-e emissions and other environmental impact results, due to i) inconsistencies in typical embodied carbon emissions values in inventories; ii) errors in estimations of material quantities; iii) assumptions …
Hybrid Structure Of White Layer In High Carbon Steel - Formation Mechanism And Its Properties, Rumana Hossain, Farshid Pahlevani, Evelien Witteveen, Amborish Banerjee, Bill Joe, B Prusty, Rian J. Dippenaar, Veena Sahajwalla
Hybrid Structure Of White Layer In High Carbon Steel - Formation Mechanism And Its Properties, Rumana Hossain, Farshid Pahlevani, Evelien Witteveen, Amborish Banerjee, Bill Joe, B Prusty, Rian J. Dippenaar, Veena Sahajwalla
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B
This study identifies for the first time, the hybrid structure of the white layer in high carbon steel and describes its formation mechanism and properties. The so-called 'white layer' in steel forms during high strain rate deformation and appears featureless under optical microscopy. While many researchers have investigated the formation of the white layer, there has been no definitive study, nor is there sufficient evidence to fully explain the formation, structure and properties of the layer. In this study, the formation, morphology and mechanical properties of the white layer was determined following impact testing, using a combination of optical and …
Continuous Adsorption And Biotransformation Of Micropollutants By Granular Activated Carbon-Bound Laccase In A Packed-Bed Enzyme Reactor, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Anthony Dosseto, Christopher Richardson, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Continuous Adsorption And Biotransformation Of Micropollutants By Granular Activated Carbon-Bound Laccase In A Packed-Bed Enzyme Reactor, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Anthony Dosseto, Christopher Richardson, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Laccase was immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) and the resulting GAC-bound laccase was used to degrade four micropollutants in a packed-bed column. Compared to the free enzyme, the immobilized laccase showed high residual activities over a broad range of pH and temperature. The GAC-bound laccase efficiently removed four micropollutants, namely, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, diclofenac and bisphenol A, commonly detected in raw wastewater and wastewater-impacted water sources. Mass balance analysis showed that these micropollutants were enzymatically degraded following adsorption onto GAC. Higher degradation efficiency of micropollutants by the immobilized compared to free laccase was possibly due to better electron transfer between …
Enhancement Of Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Powdered Activated Carbon Dosing Into Membrane Bioreactors, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Long Nghiem, Jinguo Kang, William Price, Chul Park, Kazuo Yamamoto
Enhancement Of Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Powdered Activated Carbon Dosing Into Membrane Bioreactors, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Long Nghiem, Jinguo Kang, William Price, Chul Park, Kazuo Yamamoto
Faisal I Hai
This study compared the removal efficiency of 22 widespread trace organic contaminants by a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with and without direct addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) into the activated sludge reactor over a period of 312 days. The removal of hydrophilic and biologically persistent trace organic contaminants was immediately improved to above 95% after the addition of PAC into MBR. However, a compound-specific gradual decrease in removal underscored the requirement for the addition of fresh PAC. Adsorption onto PAC-added sludge appeared to play a significant role in the relatively more effective aqueous phase removal of a few resistant …
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Faisal I Hai
The removal efficiency of 22 selected trace organic contaminants by sequential application of granular activated carbon (GAC) and simultaneous application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) with membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared in this study. Both sequential application of GAC following MBR treatment (MBR–GAC) and simultaneous application of PAC within MBR (PAC–MBR) achieved improved removal (over 95%) of seven hydrophilic and biologically persistent compounds, which were less efficiently removed by MBR-only treatment (negligible to 70%). However, gradual breakthrough of these compounds occurred over an extended operation period. Charged compounds, particularly, fenoprop and diclofenac, demonstrated the fastest breakthrough (complete and 50–70%, in …
Coupling Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor Treatment For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal: Breakthrough Behaviour Of Persistent And Hydrophilic Compounds, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, William E. Price, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem
Coupling Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor Treatment For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal: Breakthrough Behaviour Of Persistent And Hydrophilic Compounds, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, William E. Price, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem
Faisal I Hai
This study investigated the removal of trace organic contaminants by a combined membrane bioreactor - granular activated carbon (MBR-GAC) system over a period of 196 days. Of the 22 compounds investigated here, all six hydrophilic compounds with electron-withdrawing functional groups (i.e., metronidazole, carbamazepine, ketoprofen, naproxen, fenoprop and diclofenac) exhibited very low removal efficiency by MBR-only treatment. GAC post-treatment initially complemented MBR treatment very well; however, a compound-specific gradual deterioration of the removal of the above-mentioned problematic compounds was noted. While a 20% breakthrough of all four negatively charged compounds namely ketoprofen, naproxen, fenoprop and diclofenac occurred within 1000-3000 bed volumes …
Coupling Powdered Activated Carbon (Pac) Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor (Mbr) Treatment For Enhanced Removal Of Trace Organics, Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Long Nghiem, Jinguo Kang, William Price
Coupling Powdered Activated Carbon (Pac) Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor (Mbr) Treatment For Enhanced Removal Of Trace Organics, Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Long Nghiem, Jinguo Kang, William Price
Faisal I Hai
the occurrence of trace organics such as pesticides, pharmaceutically active compounds, natural and synthetic hormones as well as varous industrial compounds in the aquatic environment is of great concern due to their potential adverse effects on human health and those of other biota. Therefore, the removal of these compounds from wastewater is an important consideration to ensure safe drinking water and better protection of the environment. In the literature, several techniques have been explored for trace organics removal, namely, conventional activated sludge, membrane bioreactors (MBRs), and absorptioin. However it has been found that neither MBR nor activated carbon on its …
Facile Synthesis Of Coaxial Cnts/Mnox-Carbon Hybrid Nanofibers And Their Greatly Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance, Zunxian Yang, Jun Lv, Haidong Pang, Wenhuan Yan, Kun Qian, Tailiang Guo, Zaiping Guo
Facile Synthesis Of Coaxial Cnts/Mnox-Carbon Hybrid Nanofibers And Their Greatly Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance, Zunxian Yang, Jun Lv, Haidong Pang, Wenhuan Yan, Kun Qian, Tailiang Guo, Zaiping Guo
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/MnOx-Carbon hybrid nanofibers have been successfully synthesized by the combination of a liquid chemical redox reaction (LCRR) and a subsequent carbonization heat treatment. The nanostructures exhibit a unique one-dimensional core/shell architecture, with one-dimensional CNTs encapsulated inside and a MnOx-carbon composite nanoparticle layer on the outside. The particular porous characteristics with many meso/micro holes/pores, the highly conductive one-dimensional CNT core, as well as the encapsulating carbon matrix on the outside of the MnOx nanoparticles, lead to excellent electrochemical performance of the electrode. The CNTs/MnOx-Carbon hybrid nanofibers exhibit a high initial reversible capacity of …
Zero Carbon Homes: Perceptions From The Uk Construction Industry, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Wei Pan, Xi Liang, Pieter De Wilde
Zero Carbon Homes: Perceptions From The Uk Construction Industry, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Wei Pan, Xi Liang, Pieter De Wilde
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The take-up of the many voluntary energy efficiency standards which exist in the UK and internationally has been limited. As a result, governments have recognised the need to introduce mandatory schemes through legislation, e.g. from 2016 all new build homes in the UK will be required to achieve zero carbon in regulated energy consumption. However, as 2016 approaches, very few zero carbon homes are being delivered. This paper explores the drivers and barriers for zero carbon homebuilding. The perceptions of the wider construction industry were gathered through a series of semi-structured interviews with professionals involved in commissioning, designing, constructing and …
A Fe/Fe3o4/N-Carbon Composite With Hierarchical Porous Structure And In Situ Formed N-Doped Graphene-Like Layers For High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries, Yao Li, Qing Meng, Shenmin Zhu, Zeng-Hui Sun, Hao Yang, Zhixin Chen, Chengling Zhu, Zaiping Guo, Di Zhang
A Fe/Fe3o4/N-Carbon Composite With Hierarchical Porous Structure And In Situ Formed N-Doped Graphene-Like Layers For High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries, Yao Li, Qing Meng, Shenmin Zhu, Zeng-Hui Sun, Hao Yang, Zhixin Chen, Chengling Zhu, Zaiping Guo, Di Zhang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Fe/Fe3O4/N-carbon composite consisting of a porous carbon matrix containing a highly conductive N-doped graphene-like network and Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles was prepared. The porous carbon has a hierarchical structure which is inherited from rice husk and the N-doped graphene-like network formed in situ. When used as an anode material for lithium batteries, the composite delivered a reversible capacity of approximately 610 mA h g(-1) at a current density of 200 mA g(-1) even after 100 cycles, due to the synergism between the unique hierarchical porous structures, highly electrically conductive N-doped graphene- like networks and nanosized particles of Fe/Fe3O4. This work provides a …
Interface Analysis And Hot Deformation Behaviour Of A Novel Laminated Composite With High-Cr Cast Iron And Low Carbon Steel Prepared By Hot Compression Bonding, Zhengyi Jiang, Xingjian Gao, Sheng-Li Li, Hong Mei Zhang, Dengfu Chen, Jian Zhong Xu
Interface Analysis And Hot Deformation Behaviour Of A Novel Laminated Composite With High-Cr Cast Iron And Low Carbon Steel Prepared By Hot Compression Bonding, Zhengyi Jiang, Xingjian Gao, Sheng-Li Li, Hong Mei Zhang, Dengfu Chen, Jian Zhong Xu
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
A hot compression bonding process was developed to prepare a novel laminated composite consisting of high-Cr cast iron (HCCI) as the inner layer and low carbon steel (LCS) as the outer layers on a Gleeble 3500 thermomechanical simulator at a temperature of 950 °C and a strain rate of 0.001 S-1. Interfacial bond quality and hot deformation behaviour of the laminate were studied by microstructural characterisation and mechanical tests. Experimental results show that the metallurgical bond between the constituent metals was achieved under the proposed bonding conditions without discernible defects and the formation of interlayer or intermetallic layer …
V2o5/Mesoporous Carbon Composite As A Cathode Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Mohammad Ihsan, Qing Meng, Li Li, Dan Li, Hongqiang Wang, Kuok Hau Seng, Zhixin Chen, Shane J. Kennedy, Zaiping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu
V2o5/Mesoporous Carbon Composite As A Cathode Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Mohammad Ihsan, Qing Meng, Li Li, Dan Li, Hongqiang Wang, Kuok Hau Seng, Zhixin Chen, Shane J. Kennedy, Zaiping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
V2O5/mesoporous carbon composite has been prepared by an ultrasonically assisted method followed by a sintering process. The as-prepared V2O5/mesoporous carbon material containing 90 wt% V2O5 shows better electrochemical performance, with capacity of 163 mA h g-1 after 100 cycles at the current density of 500 mA g-1, as well as better charge/discharge rate capability for lithium storage than V2O5 nanoparticles. The improved electrochemical performance indicates that the V2O5/mesoporous carbon composite could be used as a promising cathode material for …
Effect Of Pre-Quenching Process On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties In A Nb-Microalloyed Low Carbon Q-P Steel, Jun Zhang, Hua Ding, Jingwei Zhao
Effect Of Pre-Quenching Process On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties In A Nb-Microalloyed Low Carbon Q-P Steel, Jun Zhang, Hua Ding, Jingwei Zhao
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
A refined microstructure consisting of martensite and retained austenite at room temperature has been produced in a Nb-microalloyed low carbon Si-Mn steel by a novel heat-treatment, pre-quenching prior to quenching and partitioning processes (Q&Q-P). The results showed that compared with the conventional quenching and partitioning steel the mechanical properties of steel obtained by the novel treatment have been significantly improved, with a good combination of ultimate tensile strength (1000MPa) and total elongation (above 30%). Meanwhile, the volume fraction of retained austenite has been increased. It was found that the improvement of mechanical properties was mainly attributed to the enhanced TRIP …
Stability Of Carbon Nanotube Yarn Biofuel Cell In Human Body Fluid, Cheong Hoon Kwon, Jae Ah Lee, Young-Bong Choi, Hyug-Han Kim, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Marcio D. Lima, Ray H. Baughman, Seon Jeong Kim
Stability Of Carbon Nanotube Yarn Biofuel Cell In Human Body Fluid, Cheong Hoon Kwon, Jae Ah Lee, Young-Bong Choi, Hyug-Han Kim, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Marcio D. Lima, Ray H. Baughman, Seon Jeong Kim
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
High performance with stability, easy-handling electrodes, and biofluid-flow controllable system with mechanical strength of the biofuel cell can be considered as the critical issues for future human body implant. These three challenges are sufficiently considered by using the effective platform regarding the high surface area from multi-walled carbon nanotube-conducting polymer with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), and size/shape dependent flexible yarn electrodes for the implantation of biofuel cell. High power biofuel cell of mW cm-2 range in physiological condition (low glucose-containing phosphate buffered saline solution and human blood serum) controlling the stirring degree is also first demonstrated for future implantation in this study. Biofuel …
Study On Hot-Working Behavior Of High Carbon Steel / Low Carbon Steel Composite Material Using Processing Map, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Dengfu Chen
Study On Hot-Working Behavior Of High Carbon Steel / Low Carbon Steel Composite Material Using Processing Map, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Dengfu Chen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The high carbon steel (HCS)/low carbon steel (LCS) laminated composite made by centrifugal casting technology was subjected to hot compression tests on Gleeble 3500 thermomechanical simulator in a range of temperatures (800-1100 oC) and strain rates (0.02-10 s-1). The hot-working behavior of the laminate was characterised by analysing the flow stress-strain curves and constructing the processing map based on dynamic materials model via superimposing efficiency of power dissipation and flow instability maps. The safe and unsafe processing conditions were identified in the processing map which was validated by microstructural examinations. Banded microstructure and micro-shear cracks occurred in the unsafe domains …
Analysis Of Fishscaling Resistance Of Low Carbon Heavy Plate Steels, Aiwen Zhang, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Chun Xu
Analysis Of Fishscaling Resistance Of Low Carbon Heavy Plate Steels, Aiwen Zhang, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Chun Xu
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The precipitates and hydrogen permeation behavior in three kinds of hot rolled low carbon heavy plate steels for enameling were analyzed; then, both sides of the steels were enameled. The experimental results show that a large amount of coarse Ti4C2S2 and fine Ti(C, N) particles exist in the optimized Ti-bearing steel, quite a lot of fine Ti(C, N) particles exist in the optimized carbon steel, but only a little bit fine Ti(C, N) particles exist in the carbon steel. The fishscaling resistance of the steels can be correlated to the effective hydrogen diffusion coefficient, and a model of correlation between …
Constitutive Analysis For Hot Deformation Behaviour Of Novel Bimetal Consisting Of Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Huijun Li, Sihai Jiao, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingtao Han, Dengfu Chen
Constitutive Analysis For Hot Deformation Behaviour Of Novel Bimetal Consisting Of Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Huijun Li, Sihai Jiao, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingtao Han, Dengfu Chen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
To understand the high temperature flow behaviour of a novel pearlitic steel (PS) and low carbon steel (LCS) bimetal, hot compression tests in a wide range of temperature and strain rate were conducted on a Gleeble 3500 thermo mechanical simulator, and the constitutive model was developed based on the experimental data. The measured true stress-strain curves exhibited three types of variation patterns, which are (i) a plateau type, (ii) single peak type and (iii) multi peaks type. These patterns well displayed the effects of the deformation temperature, strain rate and plastic strain on the flow behaviour of the bimetal. By …
Crack Healing In A Low-Carbon Steel Under Hot Plastic Deformation, Hailiang Yu, Xianghua Liu, Xinwen Li, Ajit R. Godbole
Crack Healing In A Low-Carbon Steel Under Hot Plastic Deformation, Hailiang Yu, Xianghua Liu, Xinwen Li, Ajit R. Godbole
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The behavior of internal crack healing in low-carbon steel samples undergoing hot plastic deformation was investigated using the MMS 200 thermo-mechanical simulator. The characterization of cracks after plastic deformation was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy under different heating temperatures, reduction ratios, numbers of deformation passes, strain rates, and holding time durations. It was found that the degree of crack healing increases with increasing heating temperature, reduction ratio, and holding time duration, and with decreasing number of deformation passes and strain rate.
Computational Analysis Of Compressive Strain Hardening Exponents Of Bimetal With Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Jingtao Han
Computational Analysis Of Compressive Strain Hardening Exponents Of Bimetal With Pearlitic Steel And Low Carbon Steel, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Jingtao Han
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The compressive strain hardening behaviour of a novel bimetal with pearlitic steel and low carbon steel was investigated by computational analysis based on the isothermal compression tests in a wide range of deformation temperature and strain rate. The Hollomon's equation was employed to calculate the strain hardening exponent (SHE) with the assistance of mathematical manipulation. The result shows that the logarithmic relationship between the flow stress and plastic strain of the bimetal is highly non-linear, which results in the variation of the SHE of the bimetal. This variation reflects the dynamic competition between the strain hardening and softening mechanism by …
Effects Of Temperature And Strain Rate On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of High Chromium Cast Iron/Low Carbon Steel Bimetal Prepared By Hot Diffusion-Compression Bonding, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Dengfu Chen, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Dianyao Gong
Effects Of Temperature And Strain Rate On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of High Chromium Cast Iron/Low Carbon Steel Bimetal Prepared By Hot Diffusion-Compression Bonding, Xingjian Gao, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Sihai Jiao, Dengfu Chen, Jianzhong Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Dianyao Gong
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The objective of this study is to develop a hot diffusion-compression bonding process for cladding low carbon steel (LCS) to high chromium cast iron (HCCI) in solid-state. The influence of temperature (950-1150 degrees C) and strain rate (0.001-1 s (1)) on microstructure, hardness and bond strength of the HCCI/LCS bimetal were investigated. The interface microstructure reveals that the unbonded region can only be found for 950 degrees C due to lack of diffusion, while the intergrowth between the constituent metals occurred at and above 1100 degrees C. When bonding temperature increases to 1150 degrees C, a carbide-free zone was observed …
Enhancement Of Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Powdered Activated Carbon Dosing Into Membrane Bioreactors, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Long Nghiem, Jinguo Kang, William Price, Chul Park, Kazuo Yamamoto
Enhancement Of Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Powdered Activated Carbon Dosing Into Membrane Bioreactors, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Long Nghiem, Jinguo Kang, William Price, Chul Park, Kazuo Yamamoto
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This study compared the removal efficiency of 22 widespread trace organic contaminants by a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with and without direct addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) into the activated sludge reactor over a period of 312 days. The removal of hydrophilic and biologically persistent trace organic contaminants was immediately improved to above 95% after the addition of PAC into MBR. However, a compound-specific gradual decrease in removal underscored the requirement for the addition of fresh PAC. Adsorption onto PAC-added sludge appeared to play a significant role in the relatively more effective aqueous phase removal of a few resistant …
The Kinetics Of The Reactivity Of A Coke Analogue With Carbon Dioxide, Raymond Longbottom, Apsara Jayasekara, Brian Monaghan
The Kinetics Of The Reactivity Of A Coke Analogue With Carbon Dioxide, Raymond Longbottom, Apsara Jayasekara, Brian Monaghan
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In this study the suitability of a laboratory analogue for coke for studying the reactivity of coke was evaluated. Coke reactivity and strength are closely related, as such, an improved understanding of the kinetics of blast furnace coke reactions can be used to enhance blast furnace performance. However, coke is a complex composite material, with an inherent heterogeneity with respect to oxide phase composition and phase dispersion. The complexity and heterogeneity of coke makes it difficult to isolate the effects of a specific component on coke reactivity. The coke analogue has been developed to address these issues and was used …
Group Self-Build Housing: The Potential To Deliver Zero Carbon Homes, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Wei Pan, Xi Liang, Pieter De Wilde
Group Self-Build Housing: The Potential To Deliver Zero Carbon Homes, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Wei Pan, Xi Liang, Pieter De Wilde
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The UK Government has stated that self-build homes are likely to be more affordable, energy efficient and innovative than standard market housing. However, there is little academic research to support these assertions. In addressing this gap in knowledge, this paper reviews the literature relating to the pros and cons of self-build housing, with a focus on energy efficiency. The paper explores expert opinions on the suitability of self-build housing as a development model for the delivery of zero carbon homes. The research employed a Policy Delphi study using three rounds of questionnaire surveys to gather data iteratively from a heterogeneous …
Coupling Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor Treatment For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal: Breakthrough Behaviour Of Persistent And Hydrophilic Compounds, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, William E. Price, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem
Coupling Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor Treatment For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal: Breakthrough Behaviour Of Persistent And Hydrophilic Compounds, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, William E. Price, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem
William E. Price
This study investigated the removal of trace organic contaminants by a combined membrane bioreactor - granular activated carbon (MBR-GAC) system over a period of 196 days. Of the 22 compounds investigated here, all six hydrophilic compounds with electron-withdrawing functional groups (i.e., metronidazole, carbamazepine, ketoprofen, naproxen, fenoprop and diclofenac) exhibited very low removal efficiency by MBR-only treatment. GAC post-treatment initially complemented MBR treatment very well; however, a compound-specific gradual deterioration of the removal of the above-mentioned problematic compounds was noted. While a 20% breakthrough of all four negatively charged compounds namely ketoprofen, naproxen, fenoprop and diclofenac occurred within 1000-3000 bed volumes …
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
William E. Price
The removal efficiency of 22 selected trace organic contaminants by sequential application of granular activated carbon (GAC) and simultaneous application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) with membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared in this study. Both sequential application of GAC following MBR treatment (MBR–GAC) and simultaneous application of PAC within MBR (PAC–MBR) achieved improved removal (over 95%) of seven hydrophilic and biologically persistent compounds, which were less efficiently removed by MBR-only treatment (negligible to 70%). However, gradual breakthrough of these compounds occurred over an extended operation period. Charged compounds, particularly, fenoprop and diclofenac, demonstrated the fastest breakthrough (complete and 50–70%, in …
Redefining Zero? A Critical Review Of Definitions Of Zero Energy Buildings And Zero Carbon Homes, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Wei Pan, Xi Liang, Pieter De Wilde
Redefining Zero? A Critical Review Of Definitions Of Zero Energy Buildings And Zero Carbon Homes, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Wei Pan, Xi Liang, Pieter De Wilde
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
From 2016 all new homes in the UK will be required, by law, to be 'zero carbon'. However, the detail of the Zero Carbon Homes standard is still being developed. Internationally there has been much debate on a definition for zero energy; though a consensus has yet to emerge. This paper presents an overview and synthesis of the literature on such definitions. Through a critical review, a series of options for the determination of a 'zero energy' or 'zero carbon' balance are revealed; the extent to which each option fully accounts for the energy consumed is also considered. The results …
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Comparison Between Sequential And Simultaneous Application Of Activated Carbon With Membrane Bioreactor For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Wenshan Guo, Huu H. Ngo, Kuo-Lun Tung
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The removal efficiency of 22 selected trace organic contaminants by sequential application of granular activated carbon (GAC) and simultaneous application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) with membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared in this study. Both sequential application of GAC following MBR treatment (MBR–GAC) and simultaneous application of PAC within MBR (PAC–MBR) achieved improved removal (over 95%) of seven hydrophilic and biologically persistent compounds, which were less efficiently removed by MBR-only treatment (negligible to 70%). However, gradual breakthrough of these compounds occurred over an extended operation period. Charged compounds, particularly, fenoprop and diclofenac, demonstrated the fastest breakthrough (complete and 50–70%, in …
Enhancing Mechanical Properties Of A Low-Carbon Microalloyed Cast Steel By Controlled Heat Treatment, Jingwei Zhao, Jeong Hun Lee, Yong Woo Kim, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Enhancing Mechanical Properties Of A Low-Carbon Microalloyed Cast Steel By Controlled Heat Treatment, Jingwei Zhao, Jeong Hun Lee, Yong Woo Kim, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In the present work, detailed studies were made on the optimization of microstructure and mechanical properties of a low-carbon microalloyed cast steel through control of heat treatment conditions. Specimens were austenitized at temperatures ranging from 950 to 1200 °C for 2 h followed by different cooling methods (furnace, air and water). For analyzing the effect of holding time on mechanical properties, some cast specimens were austenitized at 1100 °C for different times followed by furnace cooling. After heat treatment, mechanical tests were employed to evaluate the room temperature Charpy impact and tensile properties. The characterization of complex precipitates formed during …
Modelling Bovine Serum Albumin Inside Carbon Nanotubes, Ngamta Thamwattana, Duangkamon Baowan, Barry J. Cox
Modelling Bovine Serum Albumin Inside Carbon Nanotubes, Ngamta Thamwattana, Duangkamon Baowan, Barry J. Cox
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Bovine serum albumin is commonly used in many biochemical applications due to its stability, lack of interference within biochemical reactions and low production cost. Here, we model the interaction of bovine serum albumin inside a carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotube is chosen as an example to demonstrate its potential use in targeted drug and protein delivery and as an enzyme immobilizing material. We consider three possible structures as models for bovine serum albumin which are cylinder, prolate ellipsoid and three-connected spheres. Using the Lennard-Jones potential together with a continuum approach we obtain explicitly analytical expressions for the interaction energies of …
Facile Synthesis Of Hierarchical Networks Composed Of Highly Interconnected V2o5 Nanosheets Assembled On Carbon Nanotubes And Their Superior Lithium Storage Properties, Ruixiang Yu, Chaofeng Zhang, Qing Meng, Zhixin Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Zaiping Guo
Facile Synthesis Of Hierarchical Networks Composed Of Highly Interconnected V2o5 Nanosheets Assembled On Carbon Nanotubes And Their Superior Lithium Storage Properties, Ruixiang Yu, Chaofeng Zhang, Qing Meng, Zhixin Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Zaiping Guo
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Hierarchical networks with highly interconnected V2O5 nanosheets (NSs) anchored on skeletons of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are prepared by a facile hydrothermal treatment and a following calcination for the first time. Benefiting from these unique structural features, the as-prepared CNT@V2O5 material shows dramatically excellent electrochemical performance with remarkable long cyclability (137-116 mA h g-1 after 400 cycles) at various high rates (20 C to 30 C) and very good rate capability for highly reversible lithium storage. The excellent electrochemical performance suggests its promising use as a cathode material for future lithium-ion batteries.