Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Science and Technology Studies Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (183)
- Policy Design, Analysis, and Evaluation (129)
- Public Policy (123)
- Communication (99)
- Science and Technology Policy (99)
-
- Communication Technology and New Media (91)
- Sociology (53)
- Economics (52)
- Business (49)
- Technology and Innovation (46)
- Law (41)
- Industrial Organization (38)
- Political Science (35)
- Strategic Management Policy (32)
- Policy History, Theory, and Methods (29)
- Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations (28)
- Intellectual Property Law (22)
- Urban Studies and Planning (21)
- Political Theory (17)
- Legal Studies (16)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (16)
- Comparative Politics (15)
- International and Area Studies (15)
- Models and Methods (15)
- Library and Information Science (14)
- Law and Society (13)
- Other Political Science (13)
- International Relations (12)
- Keyword
-
- Telecommunications (21)
- Nanotechnology (19)
- Regulation (14)
- Privacy and Data Protection (13)
- Science and Innovacion Policy / Políticas de Ciencia e Innovación (12)
-
- Broadband (11)
- Foresight (11)
- History of Science and Technology (10)
- Innovation (9)
- Innovation Studies / Estudios sobre Innovación (8)
- Sociology of Science / Sociología de la Ciencia (8)
- Ubiquitous Computing (8)
- International (7)
- Public policy, scientific advice (7)
- Bibliometrics (6)
- Policy analysis (6)
- Tech mining (6)
- Technology Assessment (6)
- United States (6)
- Boundary work (5)
- Criminal Justice (5)
- Forensic Science (5)
- Inventive Standards (5)
- Pricing (5)
- Regional innovation (5)
- Research assessment (5)
- Science policy (5)
- Sociología de la ciencia (5)
- TRIZ (5)
- TRIZ and Innovation (5)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Michael Friedewald (41)
- Manuel Fernández-Esquinas (32)
- Scott J. Wallsten (30)
- Philip Shapira (21)
- Robert Hoppe (17)
-
- alan l porter (14)
- Paul Swamidass (9)
- victor toom (9)
- Lucas Jolías (7)
- Prof. Elizabeth Burleson (7)
- Sarah E. Vieweg (7)
- Hon. Donald E. Shelton (5)
- Umakant Mishra (5)
- Wilhelm Peekhaus (5)
- J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal (4)
- Kathleen P King (4)
- Manoj Maharaj (4)
- Mario A Pinzón Camargo (4)
- Sandro Montresor (4)
- Evgeny A. Klochikhin (3)
- JoAnn M. Brooks (3)
- Payal Arora (3)
- Serge Gutwirth (3)
- Earthea Nance (2)
- GEORGE S FORD (2)
- Jeremy de Beer (2)
- Marcus Schaper (2)
- Patrick Flanagan (2)
- Raja Jamilah Raja Yusof Dr (2)
- Ralf Lindner (2)
Articles 31 - 60 of 282
Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Studies
Two Cheers For The Fcc's Mobility Fund Reverse Auction, Scott J. Wallsten
Two Cheers For The Fcc's Mobility Fund Reverse Auction, Scott J. Wallsten
Scott J. Wallsten
The United States held its first competitive bidding, or “reverse auction,” for universal service subsidies in September 2012. While it is far too early to investigate whether this national auction generated improvements in mobile voice and broadband service in underserved areas, it is not too soon to evaluate the auction itself. This paper investigates the outcome of the Mobility Fund Phase 1 Auction (Auction 901) and considers what we could learn from it for universal service and for future planned reverse auctions, such as the upcoming incentive auction, which aims to reallocate spectrum from broadcasters to those who place a …
Pro-Poor Nanotechnology Applications For Water: Characterizing And Contextualizing Private Sector Research And Development, Matthew Harsh, Thomas Woodson
Pro-Poor Nanotechnology Applications For Water: Characterizing And Contextualizing Private Sector Research And Development, Matthew Harsh, Thomas Woodson
Thomas Woodson
Nanotechnology has been proposed as a possible solution to the dire problems caused by contaminated water in impoverished communities. We characterize the global landscape of nanotechnology research and development using bibliometric and patent data to ascertain how private firms are using nanotechnology to create improved filters and other technologies that might create benefits for the ‘poor’. Research and development on nanotechnology applications for water is very international, but is occurring mostly in China, the USA and wealthy countries. Nanowater patents focus mostly on filtration systems. Other research areas like nanosensors and desalination have fewer nanowater patens which suggest that those …
Seven Types Of Privacy, Rachel L. Finn, David Wright, Michael Friedewald
Seven Types Of Privacy, Rachel L. Finn, David Wright, Michael Friedewald
Michael Friedewald
No abstract provided.
Quality Is Becoming More About Taste And Less About Cost: Eeg And Survey Study On Consumer Behavior, Charnetta Brown, Adriane Randolph, Janee Burkhalter
Quality Is Becoming More About Taste And Less About Cost: Eeg And Survey Study On Consumer Behavior, Charnetta Brown, Adriane Randolph, Janee Burkhalter
Charnetta Brown
No abstract provided.
Open Minds: Lessons On Intellectual Property, Innovation And Development From Nigeria, Jeremy De Beer, Chidi Oguamanam
Open Minds: Lessons On Intellectual Property, Innovation And Development From Nigeria, Jeremy De Beer, Chidi Oguamanam
Jeremy de Beer
No abstract provided.
Inside A 'Digital Experiment’ - Co-Producing Telecare Services For Older People, Ian P. Mcloughlin Professor, Gregory Maniatopoulos Dr, Rob Wilson Dr, Mike Martin
Inside A 'Digital Experiment’ - Co-Producing Telecare Services For Older People, Ian P. Mcloughlin Professor, Gregory Maniatopoulos Dr, Rob Wilson Dr, Mike Martin
Ian P McLoughlin Professor
The problem of the user remains central to information systems research and practice, more so given the importance now given to user-led innovation. Telecare is a much-vaunted example of e-enabled health and social care which, over the past decade or more has received considerable policy attention and investment in Europe and beyond. However, it appears that the technological opportunities offered have not been taken-up in everyday practice and that the engagement of users - service providers and end users - has been identified as a major barrier. This article presents the experience of a European level project that sought to …
Wie Verändert Das Internet Die Demokratie?, Ralf Lindner
Wie Verändert Das Internet Die Demokratie?, Ralf Lindner
Ralf Lindner
Obwohl seit dem Aufstieg des Internets zum Massenmedium in den 1990er Jahren Ernüchterung über die Demokratisierungswirkung der neuen Medien eingetreten ist, werden regelmäßig weitreichende Erwartungen über der politische Transformationspotenzial des Internets formuliert. So wird häufig postuliert, dass das Internet demokratische Politik über kurz oder lang fundamental verändern werde, indem universeller Informationszugang ermöglicht, etablierte Machtstrukturen unterminiert und politische Partizipation gesteigert werde. Der Beitrag erörtert zunächst die Hintergründe für populäre Fehlschlüsse, die die Debatte um elektronische Demokratie begleiten. Auf der Grundlage einer kritischen Reflexion mit den ideologisch-normativ imprägnierten Erwartungen an das Internet werden theoretisch wie empirisch robustere Überlegungen zum Beitrag der neuen …
Breve Perspectiva Crítica Sobre El Gobierno Abierto Y El Open Data, Lucas Jolías, Alejandro Prince
Breve Perspectiva Crítica Sobre El Gobierno Abierto Y El Open Data, Lucas Jolías, Alejandro Prince
Lucas Jolías
Las ciberculturas y sus apóstoles aportan cada tanto tiempo y de forma incremental, nuevos conceptos o memes, es decir, unidades teóricas de información cultural transmisibles entre individuos, mentes o generaciones. Algunos de estos conceptos son vacíos, otros son comerciales, varios son sólo nuevos nombres de viejas ideas, pero todos de alguna manera connotan los cambios o tendencias de lo que en forma general podemos denominar la Sociedad del Conocimiento. Algunos de estos conceptos mueren a poco de nacer, otros cobran fuerza y vida propia (como la “web 2.0”), suman fans o detractores, y hasta se institucionalizan. De estos, y entre …
Presupuesto Participativo En Argentina: Análisis De Su Evolución Y Estudio De Caso, Lucas Jolías, Alejandro Prince, Ana Doria
Presupuesto Participativo En Argentina: Análisis De Su Evolución Y Estudio De Caso, Lucas Jolías, Alejandro Prince, Ana Doria
Lucas Jolías
Las sociedades de los países occidentales con sistemas democráticos representativos están tendiendo, en los últimos tiempos, a implementar políticas públicas de Democracia Directa y Semi-Directa, a través de acciones y políticas participativas con la intervención de los ciudadanos en las decisiones de gobierno. El Presupuesto Participativo se convirtió en uno de los procesos más consolidados y genuinos de este tipo de ejercicio de democracia. En la Argentina, desde comienzos de siglo, algunos municipios han comenzado a implementar esta práctica, sin embargo, son al día de hoy experiencias esporádicas y no existe una marco común de acción que las agrupe. En …
Walled Gardens: Privacy Within Public Leisure Space Online And Offline, Payal Arora
Walled Gardens: Privacy Within Public Leisure Space Online And Offline, Payal Arora
Payal Arora
Social network sites are the new urban parks where people congregate, socialize and exercise leisure. Its web architectures however are being walled in, dictated by market systems and State ideologies. These cyber-enclosures are justified along the lines of privacy that garners protection, efficiency and functionality. There is significant concern for the potential irrevocable loss of the ‘public’ and ‘open’ character intended of internet infrastructures, fearing the fostering of social segregation, homogenization and corporatization of leisure and a loss of civic sense. This paper addresses these concerns by looking at contemporary material architectures that are shaping public social and leisure space, …
Career-Based Influences On Scientific Recognition In The United States And Europe: Longitudinal Evidence From Curriculum Vitae Data, Jan Youtie, Juan Rogers, Thomas Heinze, Philip Shapira, Li Tang
Career-Based Influences On Scientific Recognition In The United States And Europe: Longitudinal Evidence From Curriculum Vitae Data, Jan Youtie, Juan Rogers, Thomas Heinze, Philip Shapira, Li Tang
Philip Shapira
This paper examines how funding patterns, career pathways and collaboration networks influence scientific recognition. We analyze these institutional factors in the early and middle phases of academic careers through comparison of a group of researchers recognized as creative by their peers with a matched group of researchers. Measurement of scientific recognition is based on survey nominations and research prizes in two growing, laboratory-intensive research domains: nanotechnology and human genetics. Curriculum vitae data is used to compare researchers based in the United States and Europe. In the early career model for the United States, we find that scientific recognition is associated …
Citizens’ Perceptions Of Data Protection And Privacy In Europe, Dara Hallinan, Michael Friedewald, Paul Mccarthy
Citizens’ Perceptions Of Data Protection And Privacy In Europe, Dara Hallinan, Michael Friedewald, Paul Mccarthy
Michael Friedewald
Data protection and privacy gain social importance as technology and data flows play an ever greater role in shaping social structure. Despite this, understanding of public opinion on these issues is conspicuously lacking. This article is a meta-analysis of public opinion surveys on data protection and privacy focussed on EU citizens. The article firstly considers the understanding and awareness of the legal framework for protection as a solid manifestation of the complex concepts of data protection and privacy. This is followed by a consideration of perceptions of privacy and data protection in relation to other social goals, focussing on the …
Bodies Of Science And Law: Forensic Dna Profiling, Biological Bodies, And Biopower, Victor Toom
Bodies Of Science And Law: Forensic Dna Profiling, Biological Bodies, And Biopower, Victor Toom
victor toom
How is jurisdiction transferred from an individual's biological body to agents of power such as the police, public prosecutors, and the judiciary, and what happens to these biological bodies when transformed from private into public objects? These questions are examined by analysing bodies situated at the intersection of science and law. More specifically, the transformation of ‘private bodies’ into ‘public bodies’ is analysed by going into the details of forensic DNA profiling in the Dutch jurisdiction. It will be argued that various ‘forensic genetic practices’ enact different forensic genetic bodies'. These enacted forensic genetic bodies are connected with various infringements …
Bracketing Off Population Does Not Advance Ethical Reflection On Evcs: A Reply To Kayser And Schneider, Amade M'Charek, Victor Toom, Barbara Prainsack
Bracketing Off Population Does Not Advance Ethical Reflection On Evcs: A Reply To Kayser And Schneider, Amade M'Charek, Victor Toom, Barbara Prainsack
victor toom
In a recent contribution to this journal, Kayser and Schneider reviewed the relevance of external visible characteristics (EVCs) for criminal investigation. Their aim was to broaden the debate about the scientific, legal, and ethical dimensions of the use of EVCs for criminal investigation, which will help to achieve a firm legal basis for the application of EVCs eventually. While we applaud Kayser’s and Schneider’s overall very thoughtful and nuanced discussion of this topic, we were surprised to read that they suggest that a discussion of ‘the challenges of using problematic definitions of populations [. . .] has to be kept …
A Comment On The Hill–Turney Exchange: From Normative Antagonism To Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Martin Evison, Eleanor Graham, Erica Haimes, Jackie L Scully, Anika Ludwig, Chris Maguire, Victor Toom, Robin Williams
A Comment On The Hill–Turney Exchange: From Normative Antagonism To Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Martin Evison, Eleanor Graham, Erica Haimes, Jackie L Scully, Anika Ludwig, Chris Maguire, Victor Toom, Robin Williams
victor toom
A recent issue of NG&S included an exchange between Hill (2011) and Turney (2011) discussing an earlier paper on the use of DNA identification in the Australian bush fires disaster of 2009 (Turney, 2010). An editor’s introduction to the exchange solicited further observations on the issues raised by the two participants (Glasner, 2011). What follows is a response to that solicitation. It has been written jointly by individuals from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds (including forensic genetics, forensic anthropology, sociology, bioethics, and science & technology studies) located within two research centres (the Northumbria University Centre for Forensic Science (NCUFS); …
Forensic Dna Databases In England And The Netherlands: Governance, Structure And Performance Compared, Victor Toom
Forensic Dna Databases In England And The Netherlands: Governance, Structure And Performance Compared, Victor Toom
victor toom
How do liberal democracies govern forensic DNA databasing? That is the question being asked in this contribution by focusing on the rules for inclusion of samples/profiles in DNA databases in England and Wales and the Netherlands. The two different modes of governance shall be evaluated by taking into account models and ideas in each society regarding the two imperatives of “crime control” and “due process.” Another question tentatively examined in this contribution is how these modes of governance impact on the performance of national DNA databases. The analysis provided in this article argues that, when compared with the English and …
Engineers And Communities, Earthea Nance
The Rcn (Research Coordination Network) Experiment: Can We Build New Research Networks?, Alan L. Porter, Todd A. Crowl, Jon Garner
The Rcn (Research Coordination Network) Experiment: Can We Build New Research Networks?, Alan L. Porter, Todd A. Crowl, Jon Garner
alan l porter
The U.S. National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network (RCN) program broke new ground in funding the development of new research communities of practice. This assessment of RCN supports the conclusion that networking activity was increased for a sample set of projects compared to a control group. Journal articles resulting from RCN support score as highly interdisciplinary. Moreover, those articles appear as notably influential, being published in high impact journals and being highly cited. The RCN program does indeed seem to be fostering new biological science research networks.
Innovation Risk Path Assessing For A Newly Emerging Science & Technology: Illustrated For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Tingting Ma, Ying Guo, Alan L. Porter
Innovation Risk Path Assessing For A Newly Emerging Science & Technology: Illustrated For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Tingting Ma, Ying Guo, Alan L. Porter
alan l porter
For “Newly Emerging Science & Technologies” (“NESTs”), uncertainty is the major challenge. Technological innovation for NESTs faces many kinds of risks that dramatically affect their development paths. This paper combines methods of risk utility theory and technology path research and explores a new innovation risk path modeling method for NEST development. Here we apply selected tools from risk utility theory and technology path research to the NEST of special concern—Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). The case for DSSC commercialization is promising, but challengeable. The prospects for future development of DSSCs are good, with identifiable markets. Multi-party collaboration appears necessary in order …
Text Clumping For Technical Intelligence, Alan L. Porter, Yi Zhang
Text Clumping For Technical Intelligence, Alan L. Porter, Yi Zhang
alan l porter
This chapter presents a stepwise process to clean and consolidate sizable phrase compilations. We focus on Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) information sets, typically in the form of abstract records retrieved from topical database searches (e.g., Web of Science, Derwent World Patent Index, Factiva). Our aim is to devise a semi-automated desktop process that can rapidly concentrate lists of informative terms and phrases. Those might then be reviewed by topic experts or otherwise processed to fuel further analyses to gain topic-intensive technical intelligence. We are expressly interested, as well, in further processing of such clumped phrases to generate interpretable topic …
Empirically Informing A Technology Delivery System Model For An Emerging Technology: Illustrated For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Ying Guo, Chen Xu, Lu Huang, Alan L. Porter
Empirically Informing A Technology Delivery System Model For An Emerging Technology: Illustrated For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Ying Guo, Chen Xu, Lu Huang, Alan L. Porter
alan l porter
This paper explores how to extract empirical knowledge from R&D, patent, and business literature compilations to help compose an innovation system model. It adapts the key elements and dynamics of “technology delivery system” modeling to a given Newly Emerging Science & Technology. We present a 10-step analytical approach to help characterize the technology, gauge its state of development, and depict the socio-technical system institutions and actors. We apply this to the case of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (“DSSCs”). A new “cross-charting” method appears effective at associating novel technology-enabled capabilities to gain functional advantages, and to link those functions to potential applications. …
Minecraft As Web 2.0: Amateur Creativity In Digital Games, Greg Lastowka
Minecraft As Web 2.0: Amateur Creativity In Digital Games, Greg Lastowka
Greg Lastowka
This book chapter considers how the digital game Minecraft has both enabled and benefited from various Web 2.0 practices. I begin with an explanation of the concept of Web 2.0 and then consider how that concept applies to the space of digital games.
The Role Of Boundary Organisations In The Social Status Of Climate Change Knowledge, Robert Hoppe, Anne Wesselink, Rose Cairns
The Role Of Boundary Organisations In The Social Status Of Climate Change Knowledge, Robert Hoppe, Anne Wesselink, Rose Cairns
Robert Hoppe
A plethora of institutional forms has emerged whose remit is to link climate change science to policy-making. These can be understood as boundary organisations where science and politics meet and intertwine. This article examines the role of boundary organisations in the production and social status of climate change knowledge. A multi-level conceptual model is outlined which demonstrates how context is crucial to understanding the operation and impact of boundary organisations. The framework is applied to analyse climate governance boundary arrangements at the international level and a number of national contexts. In the framing years of the global climate change issue, …
Visualizing Qur’Anic Words With Parallel Plot, Raja Jamilah Raja Yusof Dr
Visualizing Qur’Anic Words With Parallel Plot, Raja Jamilah Raja Yusof Dr
Raja Jamilah Raja Yusof Dr
Parallel plot is a relatively new type of plot in comparison to scatter plot. The aim of this paper is to find out the effectiveness of parallel plot visualization in comparison to the scatter plot for novice users. Comparison through literature shows that parallel and scatter plot visualization techniques offer similar visualization features. A study was conducted based on the parallel plot in Parallel Coordinate for the Qur’an (PaCQ) interface using a relational model, Goals Operators Methods and Selection Rules (GOMS) analysis and user performance evaluation. Based on the GOMS analysis, the subtasks and operation time involved in exploring data …
A Trans-Atlantic Conversation On Responsible Innovation And Responsible Governance, Sally Randles, Jan Youtie, David Guston, Barbara Harthorn, Chris Newfield, Philip Shapira, Fern Wickson, Arie Rip, René Von Schomberg, Nick Pidgeon
A Trans-Atlantic Conversation On Responsible Innovation And Responsible Governance, Sally Randles, Jan Youtie, David Guston, Barbara Harthorn, Chris Newfield, Philip Shapira, Fern Wickson, Arie Rip, René Von Schomberg, Nick Pidgeon
Philip Shapira
How can innovation be balanced with responsible governance? Responsible innovation and responsible governance are broad concepts which mean different things to different groups. This paper presents the results of a roundtable held at the Society for Nanotechnology and Emerging Technologies (S.NET) 2011 conference with academics and policymakers from Europe and the US. The results of this roundtable discussion raise issues of definition, lack of consensus, and the role of philosophy versus practical intervention.
Situational Awareness In Mass Emergency: A Behavioral And Linguistic Analysis Of Microblogged Communications, Sarah E. Vieweg
Situational Awareness In Mass Emergency: A Behavioral And Linguistic Analysis Of Microblogged Communications, Sarah E. Vieweg
Sarah E. Vieweg
In times of mass emergency, users of Twitter (a popular microblogging service) often communicate information about the event, some of which contributes to situational awareness. Situational awareness refers to a state of understanding the “big picture” in time- and safety-critical situations. The more situational awareness people have, the better equipped they are to make informed decisions. Given that hundreds of millions of Twitter communications (known as “tweets”) are sent every day and emergency events regularly occur, automated methods are needed to identify those tweets that contain actionable, tactical information. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore how Twitter is …
Production And Financial Linkages In Inter-Firm Networks: Structural Variety, Risk-Sharing And Resilience, Sandro Montresor, Giulio Cainelli, Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti
Production And Financial Linkages In Inter-Firm Networks: Structural Variety, Risk-Sharing And Resilience, Sandro Montresor, Giulio Cainelli, Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti
Sandro Montresor
The paper analyzes how (production and financial) inter-firm networks can affect firms’ default probabilities and observed default rates. A simple theoretical model of shock transfer is built to investigate some stylized facts on how firm-idiosyncratic shocks are allocated in the network, and how this allocation changes firm default probabilities. The model shows that the network works as a perfect “risk-pooling” mechanism, when it is both strongly connected and symmetric. But the “risk-sharing” does not necessarily reduce default rates, unless the shock firms face is lower on average than their financial capacity. Conceived as cases of symmetric inter-firm networks, industrial districts …
Friedrich Nietzsche: The Abyss And Technology, Mary Willis
Friedrich Nietzsche: The Abyss And Technology, Mary Willis
Mary Willis
Friedrich Nietzsche, while being an extremely interesting man, shall only be a part of the focus of this thesis. Nietzsche was famous for an often misquoted quote which goes like this: “He who fights with monsters might take care lest he thereby become a monster. And if you gaze for long into an abyss, the abyss gazes also into you.” I would like to take this quote and borrow from Nietzsche’s philosophical ideas about life to compare modern technology to the abyss. Nietzsche claims that the principle of “life” is a more pressing and higher concern than that of “knowledge,” …
BüRgersicht Auf Sicherheit Und Privatheit, Michael Friedewald, Johann Cas
BüRgersicht Auf Sicherheit Und Privatheit, Michael Friedewald, Johann Cas
Michael Friedewald
Moderne Sicherheitstechniken sollen die Bürger besser vor Terrorismus und organisierter Kriminali- tät schützen. Mittlerweile wird aber angezweifelt, ob ein realer oder gefühlter Sicherheitsgewinn nur durch Einschnitte in die Privatsphäre des Einzelnen zu erreichen ist. Die EU-Forschungsprojekte PRISMS und SurPRISE untersuchen, wie die Ein- stellung europäischer Bürger zu Sicherheit und Privatheit zusammenhängt und wie sich dies für die Gestaltung von akzeptabler grundrechtskonformer Sicherheitstechnik nutzen lässt.
Linking Development And Innovation: What Does Technological Change Bring To The Society?, Evgeny A. Klochikhin
Linking Development And Innovation: What Does Technological Change Bring To The Society?, Evgeny A. Klochikhin
Evgeny A. Klochikhin
Recently, there has been a popular trend in academic research for paying more attention to ‘pro-poor’ policies and theoretical studies. This tradition has emerged from a broader understanding of development that includes not only economic but also social and political dimensions. Meanwhile, innovation researchers are still considering development as mere economic growth without much focus on the social impacts of technological change. This article recognizes that, despite these fundamental differences, the concepts of innovation and development have much in common and are, in fact, positively connected and mutually beneficial. This assumption has some important implications for the innovation and development …