Science and Technology Studies Commons^™

Bring The President's Nerds Back In From The Cold, Robert Hahn, Scott J. Wallsten

Scott J. Wallsten

No abstract provided.

Whose Life Is Worth More? (And Why Is It Horrible To Ask?), Scott J. Wallsten

Scott J. Wallsten

No abstract provided.

Learning From Science And Technology Policy Evaluation: Experiences From The United States And Europe, Philip Shapira, Stefan Kuhlmann

Philip Shapira

Learning from Science and Technology Policy Evaluation, edited by Philip Shapira and Stefan Kuhlmann, presents US and European experiences and insights on the evaluation of policies and programs to foster research, innovation, and technology (RIT). In recent years, policymakers have promoted RIT policies to accelerate scientific and technological development in emerging fields, encourage new patterns of research collaboration and commercialization and enhance national and regional economic competitiveness. At the same time, budgetary pressures and new public management approaches have strengthened demands for RIT performance measurement and evaluation. The contributors, leading experts in science and technology policy and evaluation, analyze and …

Innovation Und Intellektuelles Eigentum: Wer Nutzt Und Wem Nützen Softwarepatente?, Michael Friedewald, Knut Blind, Jakob Edler

Michael Friedewald

Im Oktober 2000 hat die Europäische Kommission eine Sondierung zur Patentier-barkeit software-bezogener Erfindungen eingeleitet. Gegenwärtig beraten die Mit-gliedstaaten des Europäischen Patentübereinkommens beim Europäischen Patent-amt darüber, ob die diesbezüglichen Einschränkung für die Patentierung aus dem Patentübereinkommen gestrichen werden soll. Hintergrund dieser Diskussionen ist die Befürchtung, dass das Fehlen EU-weit einheitlicher Rechtsvorschriften die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und das Wirtschaftswachstum der Europäischen Union hemmen könnte [4, 5]. Auch der im Frühjahr 2002 vorgelegte Richtlinienvorschlag der Europäischen Kommission wird kontrovers debattiert; eine Lösung die den In-teressen aller betroffenen Akteure berücksichtigt scheint auch heute noch in weiter Ferne zu sein [8].

The Impact Of Information And Communication Technologies On The Electricity Consumption In Germany, Clemens Cremer, Barbara Schlomann, Michael Friedewald

Michael Friedewald

The importance of information and communication technologies in everyday life is increasing strongly. The growing penetration of PCs in households and offices and the almost ubiquitous use of mobile communication devices are vivid examples for this development.

The key drivers influencing the penetration, usage patterns and specific energy consumption of IC-equipment were examined and a bottom-up analysis of the direct energy consumption of ICT-equipment in households and offices was made for 2001 resulting an energy demand of 38 TWh. In addition, projections for the years 2005 and 2010 were developed based on the base year consumption and the key driving …

Information, Institutions And Governance: Advancing A Basic Social Science Research Program For Digital Government, Jane E. Fountain

Jane E. Fountain

Throughout the globe, the sweep of information and communication technologies offers unprecedented opportunities for the advancement of governance and society. But information and communication technologies alone are inadequate to foster such benefits. An important, time-sensitive opportunity exists to make a major difference in the development of digital governance and society globally. An applied, rigorous research agenda would clarify for policymakers and the research community the costs and benefits of alternative future visions and paths. A solid research agenda, built through a global network of researchers, possesses the potential to forecast likely positive results and negative outcomes before government actions are …

Reducing Automobile Emissions In Southern California: The Dance Of Public Policies And Technological Fixes, Rudi Volti

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

For many years I have taught at a small liberal arts college in Southern California. When first-year students arrived at the college in the early 1970s, they settled into the usual things that occupy freshmen. A few weeks would go by, and then they would make a remarkable discovery: tall mountains would appear to the north as autumn weather dissipated the heavy blanket of smog that had obscured them. Today, the air is not perfectly clear in September, but students are aware of the mountains from the day they move into the dormitories. The region's partial victory over smog illustrates …

Growth Strategies And Intellectual Capital Formation In New And Emerging Heis, Ellen Hazelkorn

Books/Book chapters

Higher educational institutions are being asked to contribute more effectively and efficiently to economic growth, innovation and intellectual capital. As they do so, the academy has also come under pressure. The content of academic work, the role of faculty, and the balance between teaching, research and service, have, arguably, been restructured, reconfigured and redefined. For academics within traditional universities, pressures for accountability and social relevance have challenged what many valued as ‘their autonomy’. But, for staff within new and emerging HEIs, those formed or reconstituted circa. 1970, there have been different pressures. Many were hired originally as teachers and now …

Chronicle Of The Death Of A Laboratory: Douglas Engelbart And The Failure Of The Knowledge Workshop, Thierry Bardini, Michael Friedewald

Michael Friedewald

It is common knowledge that California, especially the San Francisco Bay Area is the birthplace of modern computing. Between 1945 and 1970 people such as Frederick Terman, professor of electronics at Stanford University, or William Shockley, co-inventor of the transistor transformed the once rural Santa Clara County south of San Francisco into Silicon Valley, the fast growing industrial centre of high-technology. But the Bay Area of the 1960s is not only well known for technical ingenuity but also as the stronghold of social movements (anti-Vietnam, civil rights, women’s liberation), that are often subsumed under the term ‘counter culture’. It is …