Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Behavioral Economics Y Políticas Públicas: Algunos Problemas Y Sus Soluciones / Behavioral Economics And Public Policies: Some Problems And Their Solutions [En Español], Daniel A. Monroy

Daniel A Monroy C

Abstract

The main target of this paper is to show a behavioral economics approach to –some– public policies from a descriptive and a normative point of view. To meet the target, (i) the paper summarizes two cognitive biases: the status quo bias and the endowment effect, and then shows how these biases could affect the effectiveness of public policies in some relevant contexts: the availability of human organs for transplantation; people's bad eating habits; and environmental resources management. In addition, (ii) the paper suggests some strategies (nudges) about how behavioral economics could inform policy maker to design or to improve …

Developing And Testing A Surveillance Impact Assessment Methodology, David Wright, Michael Friedewald, Raphael Gellert

Michael Friedewald

With the increasing pervasiveness of surveillance, from big companies such as Google and Facebook, as well as from the intelligence agencies, such as the US National Security Agency (NSA) and the UK Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), there is a clear need for a surveillance impact assessment (SIA), a method that addresses not only issues of privacy and data protection, but also ethical, social, economic, and political issues.

The SAPIENT project, funded by the European Commission, and undertaken by a consortium of partners from several European countries, aimed to develop an SIA methodology, based on stake- holder needs and a set …

Testimony On Social Impact Bonds Before U.S. Senate Task Force On Government Performance, Kyle Mckay

Kyle McKay

The primary difference between social impact bonds and prior attempts to link outcomes to payments is the inclusion of investors. According to proponents, social impact bonds and the inclusion of investors can increase the extent of evidence-based policy, encourage innovation in service programming, produce costs savings to governments, and invoke government expenditures only after success is demonstrated. For governments facing revenue constraints for political or economic reasons, social impact bonds may appear to be the silver bullet for social services. However, the benefits may be based largely on wishful thinking. Yet the risks and costs to governments from engaging in …

Catastrophic Incident Search And Rescue Lessons From The 2013 Colorado Floods, Thomas Miner, Richard N. Bradley

Richard N Bradley

The response to the Colorado floods is a textbook example of how to respond to catastrophic disasters Responders from hundreds of different organizations came together to form a single coordinated, unified command structure that resulted in the rapid and effective evacuation and rescue of hundreds of people in just three days. Local responders performed hundreds of highly dangerous rescues during the height of the storm. They established incident command at the county level using type 3 incident command teams. When they realized they were facing an unprecedented storm with catastrophic damage they asked for help and state and federal responders …

The Analysis Of Auditor General Report On Public Spending Must Inform The Public Accurately, George E. Ekeha

George E Ekeha

Good public financial administration is one important element of economic development. Many African countries have various institutions and legal frameworks that guide against the proper usage of public funds to benefit the ordinary people. One of such institutions is the Auditor General Department. This institution conduct professional audit on all public expenditure and revenue and publishes their report which is expected to be placed before the parliamentary committee on finance for scrutiny. One important value of such report is the ability of the public to interpret the report in order to make meaning of it. Unfortunately, however, such reports are …

My World 2015 And Mobiles, Linda Margaret Broughton

Linda Margaret Broughton

What role can mobile phones play in distributing a survey and collecting feedback and data from respondents? In particular, how can we use mobile technology to reach out to and engage individuals in developing countries that tend to be underrepresented in global surveys? In the recent My World 2015 survey launched in December 2012 in honor of the end of the Millennium Development Goals in 2015 and the establishment of a new “post-2015” global development framework, the United Nations Development Program, the UN Millennium Campaign, the Overseas Development Institute, the ONE campaign, and over 700 on-the-ground grassroots organizations as well …

Planning For Resilience To Climatic Extremes And Variability: A Review Of Swedish Municipalities’ Adaptation Responses, Christine Wamsler, Ebba Brink

Christine Wamsler

Climate change poses a serious challenge to sustainable urban development worldwide. In Sweden, climate change work at the city level emerged in 1996 and has long had a focus on mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. City planners’ “adaptation turn” is recent and still ongoing. This paper presents a meta-evaluation of Swedish municipal adaptation approaches, and how they relate to institutional structures at different levels. The results show that although increasing efforts are being put into the identification of barriers to adaptation planning, in contrast, there is little assessment or systematization of the actual adaptation measures and mainstreaming strategies taken. On this …

Performance Audit And Local Government's Social Services, Gary S. Sander

Gary S Sander

No abstract provided.

Lograr La Eficiencia Gubernamental, Raúl Manuel Flores Rodriguez

Raúl Flores Rodriguez

De los 2,440 Municipios que tiene actualmente el país los cuales de distribuyen en 31 Entidades Federativas cuatro Entidades tienen menos de 10 Municipios, once Entidades tienen entre 11 y 50 Municipios; con más de 50 y menos de 100 Municipios tenemos 8 entidades; otras 5 Entidades tienen más de 100 Municipios; dos Entidades tienen más de 200; y el Estado de Oaxaca tiene 570 Municipios, que constituyen el 23% del total nacional.

Transición Democrática Generadora De Gobernabilidad 2, Raúl Manuel Flores Rodriguez

Raúl Flores Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

انتخابات 24 فبريه 2013 }اي »تاليا«{ در نگاه خبرنگار, Sajjad Khaksari

SAJJAD KHAKSARI

يكشنبه و دوشنبه 24 و بيست و پنجم فبريه 2013 براي ايتاليايي ها روزهاي سرنوشت سازي است. آري »انتخابات«، انتخابات براي انتخاب احزاب حاكم بر پارلمان )مجلس نمايندگان و مجلس سنا(!

Transición Democrática Generadora De Gobernabilidad, Raúl Manuel Flores Rodriguez

Raúl Flores Rodriguez

ya que la Eficiencia gubernamental está y estará fundada sobre la eficiencia electoral que muestra el partido en el poder

Review _ The Argumentative Turn Revisited. Public Policy As Communicative Practice Edited By Frank Fischer And Herbert Gottweis, Robert Hoppe

Robert Hoppe

No abstract provided.

Wie Verändert Das Internet Die Demokratie?, Ralf Lindner

Ralf Lindner

Obwohl seit dem Aufstieg des Internets zum Massenmedium in den 1990er Jahren Ernüchterung über die Demokratisierungswirkung der neuen Medien eingetreten ist, werden regelmäßig weitreichende Erwartungen über der politische Transformationspotenzial des Internets formuliert. So wird häufig postuliert, dass das Internet demokratische Politik über kurz oder lang fundamental verändern werde, indem universeller Informationszugang ermöglicht, etablierte Machtstrukturen unterminiert und politische Partizipation gesteigert werde. Der Beitrag erörtert zunächst die Hintergründe für populäre Fehlschlüsse, die die Debatte um elektronische Demokratie begleiten. Auf der Grundlage einer kritischen Reflexion mit den ideologisch-normativ imprägnierten Erwartungen an das Internet werden theoretisch wie empirisch robustere Überlegungen zum Beitrag der neuen …

Nsf- Research Experience, Nicki Fraser Ms.

Nicki Fraser Ms.

No abstract provided.

"We've Been Structured To Be Looted" - Some Reflections On The Systemic Underpinnings Of Corruption In Contemporary South Africa, Jeremy P. Cronin

jeremy p cronin

No abstract provided.

A Strategic Interaction Model, Riccardo Pelizzo

riccardo pelizzo

The paper argues that institutional change and performance can bothe be explained on the basis of a simple startegic interaction model. The purpose of this presentation is to sketch this model.

The Next Wave Of Volunteers: Vtc's, Valerie Lucus-Mcewen Cem, Cbcp

Valerie Lucus-McEwen CEM CBCP

No abstract provided.

International Trade In Biofuels: Legal And Regulatory Issues, Jeremy De Beer, Stuart Smyth

Jeremy de Beer

Governments around the world are betting heavily on biofuels as one part of a solution to a wide range of public policy challenges, from environmental sustainability in the face of climate change, to energy security given rising geopolitical instability, to economic growth especially in rural regions and developing countries. Policy interventions typically take the form of legal and regulatory measures, for example, to drive demand for renewable fuels through mandates, or to subsidize costs through financial and other supports for production and processing of feedstock and output fuels. Such complex legal/regulatory mechanisms combine to create a multi-level or network system …

The Oecd And Phases In The International Political Economy, 1961-2011, Judith Clifton, Daniel Díaz-Fuentes

Judith Clifton

In 2011, the OECD turned fifty. To provide a broad foundation for further thinking on this organization, we analyse its evolution over half a century from two perspectives: phases in the international political economy and the literature on IPE. By so doing, we uncover two paradoxes. Firstly, we find that the organization’s evolution closely mirrored major phases in the postwar international political economy until recently. However, the OECD’s long-term dependence on theWest has now become an obstacle to its efforts to adapt to the latest phase, characterised by the rise of non-Western powers. Secondly, we show that, during the OECD’s …

Unanswered Questions Of A Minority People In International Law: A Comparative Study Between Southern Cameroons & South Sudan, Bernard Sama Mr

Bernard Sama

The month July of 2011 marked the birth of another nation in the World. The distressful journey of a minority people under the watchful eyes of the international community finally paid off with a new nation called the South Sudan . As I watched the South Sudanese celebrate independence on 9 July 2011, I was filled with joy as though they have finally landed. On a promising note, I read the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon saying “[t]ogether, we welcome the Republic of South Sudan to the community of nations. Together, we affirm our commitment to helping it meet its …

Broadening Participation Through E-Petitions? An Empirical Study Of Petitions To The German Parliament, Ralf Lindner

Ralf Lindner

Petitioning is a well established form of political participation in most liberal democracies, but little is known about petitioners, their socio-demographics, motivations and assessments of petitioning processes. In 2005, the German parliament introduced public e-petitions which are submitted, signed and discussed on the Internet. This article reports a 2007 survey of 571 traditional and 350 e-petitioners. The results indicate that both petitioner samples are characterised by an above average level of general political participation and Internet use. Users of the e-petition system are younger than traditional petitioners, but the group continues to be dominated by men and those with higher …

Regulating And Deregulating The Public Utilities 1830–2010, Judith Clifton Dr.

Judith Clifton

History can provide invaluable insights into important issues of the economic and social regulation of utilities, and offer lessons towards future debates. But the history of utility regulation – which speaks of changing, diverse and complex experiences around the world – was, unfortunately, sidelined or marginalised when economists and policymakers enthusiastically embraced the question of how to reform the utilities from the 1970s. This paper provides an overview of the three, overarching, `waves' of utility regulation from the nineteenth century to the present, documenting how, when and why the ways in which the roles of the state, the market and …

From National Monopoly To Multinational Corporation: How Regulation Shaped The Road Towards Telecommunications Internationalisation, Judith Clifton, Daniel Díaz-Fuentes, Francisco Comín

Judith Clifton

One of the consequences of major regulatory reform of the telecommunications sector from the end of the 1970s – particularly, privatisation, liberalisation and deregulation – was the establishment of a new business environment which permitted former national telecommunications monopolies to expand abroad. From the 1990s, a number of these firms, particularly those based in Europe, joined the rankings of the world's leading multinational corporations. Their internationalisation was uneven, however: while some firms internationalised strongly, others ventured abroad much slower. This article explores how the regulatory framework within which telecommunications incumbents evolved over the long-term shaped their subsequent, uneven, paths to …

Progress Delayed: State Of Tobacco Control Policymaking In Oklahoma From 2005-2011, Michael Givel, Ami Stearns, Andrew Spivak

Michael S. Givel

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • Oklahoma’s 1987 Smoking In Public Places Act required the inclusion of smoking sections in restaurants and pre-empted more stringent local anti-tobacco laws with state regulations. • With the 2001 arrival of an aggressive new Commissioner of Health, Dr. Leslie Beitsch, the tide turned with new legislation (Senate Joint Resolution 21 in 2003) that prohibited smoking inside public places and restaurants were allowed to build separately-ventilated “smoking rooms.” • In 2004, State Question 713 increased the cigarette tax by 80 cents per package. • Dr. Beitsch resigned in 2003 and since that time, efforts toward clean air have …

Plug-In Electric Vehicles: A Practical Plan For Progress, John D. Graham, Natalie M. Messer, Devin Hartmann, Bradley W. Lane, Sanya Carley, Chris Crookham

Bradley W. Lane

No abstract provided.

El Desarrollo De La Ciencia Política En México. Una Mirada A Través De Los Estudios Sobre El Estado De La Disiciplina, J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal

J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal

Se presenta una revisión de los títulos publicados hasta 2009 que han analizado la situación de la ciencia política en México o algún aspecto de ésta. Destaca el crecimiento y la diversificación de autores e instituciones, de las revistas publicadas y de los enfoques y temas recurrentes. Hasta fines de los años noventa se ven autores recurrentes y momentos de auge en las publicaciones asociados a coyunturas como congresos, procesos de modificación a planes de estudio, etc., Después de estos años hay la emergencia de nuevos autores y enfoques de estudio, y que el desarrollo de estos trabajos en su …

In Search Of The Less Hazardous Cigarette, Michael Givel

Michael S. Givel

Since the 1950s, despite considerable and long-term tobacco industry and government efforts, attempts to develop a less risky cigarette that reduces harmful ingredients, generally or specifically, have failed. Moreover, even under ideal conditions with adequate scientific testing, the efficacy of purportedly reducing the severe health effects cannot be scientifically verified for up to 20 years after the introduction of a product on the market. A key and central provision in the 2009 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) legislation is to reduce the risk or harm of cigarettes. Because creating a less risky cigarette is not currently possible, this renders …

Deconstructing Social Constructionist Theory In Tobacco Policy: The Case Of The Less Hazardous Cigarette, Michael Givel

Michael S. Givel

Scholars in tobacco control have utilized a social construction approach to test and explain tobacco control policy and advocacy. Some recent tobacco control policy research has contended that Philip Morris's support of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation of tobacco (including purportedly reducing the harm of cigarettes) is to obtain the social construction goal of a socially responsible company. However, the primary motivation for Philip Morris's support of proposed FDA regulation and harm reduction for cigarettes was to maintain the company's market stability and profitability implemented by U.S. political process and institutions. In tandem with this, Philip Morris …

Collective Choice, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

This short nontechnical article reviews the Arrow Impossibility Theorem and its implications for rational democratic decisionmaking. In the 1950s, economist Kenneth J. Arrow proved that no method for producing a unique social choice involving at least three choices and three actors could satisfy four seemingly obvious constraints that are practically constitutive of democratic decisionmaking. Any such method must violate such a constraint and risks leading to disturbingly irrational results such and Condorcet cycling. I explain the theorem in plain, nonmathematical language, and discuss the history, range, and prospects of avoiding what seems like a fundamental theoretical challenge to the possibility …