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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Developmental Psychology
The Impact Of Music Therapy On Language Acquisition In Children With Nonverbal Autism, Alecia Bernau
The Impact Of Music Therapy On Language Acquisition In Children With Nonverbal Autism, Alecia Bernau
Senior Honors Theses
Through an experimental method, the researcher investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to develop verbal communication skills after consistent exposure to songs with lyrics. Six children with nonverbal ASD were exposed to the same song with lyrics, with the goal of increased vocalization and language acquisition. Over nine sessions, subjects were pulled to participate in the experiment. The researcher played the song for the participants, recording the responses from each trial and categorizing them as either full words, verbal approximations, or miscellaneous verbalizations. The findings of the study suggest that there is a relationship between …
Covid-19 Social Isolation And Young Adult Mental Well-Being And Socioeconomic Status As A Moderator, Falescia Ware Matlock
Covid-19 Social Isolation And Young Adult Mental Well-Being And Socioeconomic Status As A Moderator, Falescia Ware Matlock
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractIt is not currently known how social distancing guidelines impact mental health for emerging adults and whether socioeconomic status moderates this relationship. The psychosocial development theory states that emerging adults experience a psychological conflict—intimacy versus isolation—where the goal is to seek connections. Without connection, emerging adults are likely to experience impaired psychological well-being, which was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of perceived social distancing guidelines on the mental health of emerging adults and if this relationship is moderated by socioeconomic status. This study followed a quantitative comparative design of emerging …
African American Experiences Of Racism When Operating A Small Business, Sheliza Thompson
African American Experiences Of Racism When Operating A Small Business, Sheliza Thompson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem addressed in this study was the racism that African Americans experienced when operating a small business. African Americans are more likely to start a business than members of other minority groups. However, African Americans are also less likely to succeed. Low success rates relate to the racial inequities that contribute to systemic racism. The racism that African Americans experience is deeply rooted in societal constructs that have been ingrained for many years. General racism and systemic racism are societal constructs that work against the socioeconomic status of African Americans and their communities. The purpose of this phenomenological study …
Mosaic: A Lifetime Of Poems, Emma F. Bowen
Mosaic: A Lifetime Of Poems, Emma F. Bowen
Honors Projects
In hopes of providing a clearer picture of the aging process and its effects on our personalities, follow this collection of poems through diary-like entries of individuals navigating their lives from daycare, heartbreak, and loneliness. The impact that development can have on our psychological well-being and brains is fascinating and feels familiar. Why do we see the world so differently when we are young? As we grow older, what is so important that makes us shift how we view ourselves and our environment multiple times? It is often seen that each generation shares like-mindedness throughout their lives – why?
Exploration Of The Cultural Perspectives Of Caregivers Of African American And African Children With Delayed Diagnosis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Deirdre Marie Johnson-Taylor
Exploration Of The Cultural Perspectives Of Caregivers Of African American And African Children With Delayed Diagnosis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Deirdre Marie Johnson-Taylor
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThrough the lens of Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory, the purpose of the study was to explore African American and African caregivers’ perceptions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), child development knowledge, religious/traditional beliefs, and fear of stigma within the context of their culture. African and African American children with ASD are identified at later ages than Caucasian children by 1 1/2 to 2 years. Disparities in educational and social outcomes of African and African American children with ASD may be related to this identification delay. Current literature regarding African and African American caregivers’ perceptions of children with ASD is sparse. An ethnographic …
Improving Outcomes For Children Impacted By Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces): A Study Of Intervention Effectiveness Guided By Developmental Theory, Lisa Teachanarong Aragon
Improving Outcomes For Children Impacted By Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces): A Study Of Intervention Effectiveness Guided By Developmental Theory, Lisa Teachanarong Aragon
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) is the term often used to refer to a set of negative experiences occurring in childhood that hold high potential for inducing toxic stress and complex trauma in children (Felitti et al., 1998). Studies have shown that ACEs are common, often co-occur, and exhibit a strong dose-response relationship to many developmental outcomes across the lifespan (e.g., Anda et al., 2006; Blodgett, 2014; Dong et al., 2004; Metzler et al., 2017). As public awareness of ACEs, their prevalence, and their impact has spread, public interest in implementing effective prevention and intervention strategies has also increased (Donisch et …
Social Comparison In Eating Disorder Recovery: A Mixed-Methodological Approach, Jessica Faye Saunders
Social Comparison In Eating Disorder Recovery: A Mixed-Methodological Approach, Jessica Faye Saunders
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines social comparison tendencies in young women during eating disorder (ED) recovery. Study one drew on a photo-elicitation method (“PhotoVoice”) and semi-structured interviews to examine this relation. Thirty U.S. women, ages 18-35, in self-defined recovery from disordered eating, used photography to capture personally-meaningful social and cultural influences on their recovery. Participants then shared these photographs with the research team and described them in detail. Photographs and interviews were examined for social comparisons using thematic analysis, and two broad categories emerged: recovery-promoting and recovery-hindering comparisons. The presence of both “upward” and “downward” comparisons that both support and hinder recovery …
Ethnographic Insight Into The Developmentally Diverse Worlds Of Twins: “L & J”, Allison Gallant
Ethnographic Insight Into The Developmentally Diverse Worlds Of Twins: “L & J”, Allison Gallant
Senior Honors Projects
According to the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (2016), approximately 3 of every 1000 infants are born with a detectable level of hearing loss in one or both ears: with 90% of these infants being born to hearing parents. Immediately following the birth of a deaf child, parents are often bombarded with decisions regarding interventions to “fix” their child’s “disability”. This decision can impact how their child will experience the world and others. The situation is a very different stressor when a hearing child is born to deaf parents. Embracing one’s deaf identity and engaging in “deaf …
Embodying Rhythm Nation: Multimodal Hip Hop Dance As A Site For Adolescent Social-Emotional And Political Development, Lauren M. Roygardner
Embodying Rhythm Nation: Multimodal Hip Hop Dance As A Site For Adolescent Social-Emotional And Political Development, Lauren M. Roygardner
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This exploratory study employed qualitative methodology, specifically values analysis, to learn more about how being involved within Hip hop dance communities positively relates to adolescent development. Adolescence was defined herein as ages 13-23. The study investigated Hip hop dance communities in terms of cultural expertise (i.e. novice, intermediate and advanced/expert) to look specifically at dance narratives (i.e. peak experience narratives and “I dance because” essays) and hip hop dance performances. The primary purpose of this dissertation was to (1) explore how adolescents use multimodal Hip hop dance discourse for social-emotional development and critical consciousness, and to (2) understand how values …
Familial Attitudes And Behaviors As Predictors Of Transgenderism, Angela Dawn Cockrell
Familial Attitudes And Behaviors As Predictors Of Transgenderism, Angela Dawn Cockrell
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Anonymous, retrospective data from 32 transgender and 3,337 cis-gender control participants were analyzed via logistic regression to examine the potential roles of parental attitudes and behaviors as well as familial status in the etiological chain leading to transgenderism. It was hypothesized that transgenderism may be predicted by negative parental attitudes toward sex and a lack of reciprocal parent-child nudity. Results indicated that transgenderism may be predicted by negative paternal attitudes toward sex, decreased maternal-child nudity, and absent fathers.
Cognitive And Affective Aspects Of Personality And Academic Procrastination: The Role Of Personal Agency, Flow, And Executive Function, Marc Graff
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Academic procrastination is a prevalent issue that affects school-related and other experiences of many students, with some studies identifying as many as a third of college students sampled as‘severe’ procrastinators. This study investigated some of the factors previous studies have identified as potential contributors to procrastinating in the academic arena. In defining procrastination as a self-regulation issue, it is proposed that distinct executive function processes play a role in one’s efforts at academic task engagement and completion and resisting the tendency to procrastinate on these tasks. It is also proposed that the frequency with which one experiences ‘flow’, a state …
The Relation Between Infant Construction Strategy And Language Development In Toddlers, Gullnar Syed, Emily C. Marcinowski, Stacey C. Dusing, George F. Michel, Eliza L. Nelson
The Relation Between Infant Construction Strategy And Language Development In Toddlers, Gullnar Syed, Emily C. Marcinowski, Stacey C. Dusing, George F. Michel, Eliza L. Nelson
Undergraduate Research Posters
Infants learn from interaction with physical objects in their environments. Object construction, or merging individual objects into a single structure, has been linked previously to language. Items and toys can be structured and combined with similarity to word combinations (Greenfield, 1991). Infants initially combine 2 objects and then graduate on to combine 3 pieces or more. Words are put together in comparable ways, with each word corresponding to an object, and a sentence corresponding to a single structure. The purpose of this project is to explore how construction ability in infants affects language ability in toddlers. We hypothesize that the …
Gender And Theory Of Mind In Preschoolers’ Group Effort: Evidence For Timing Differences Behind Children’S Earliest Social Loafing, Robert Thompson, Bill Thornton
Gender And Theory Of Mind In Preschoolers’ Group Effort: Evidence For Timing Differences Behind Children’S Earliest Social Loafing, Robert Thompson, Bill Thornton
Bill Thornton
This study explored mental state reasoning within the context of group effort and possible differences in development between boys and girls. Preschool children (59 girls, 47 boys) were assessed for theory of mind (ToM) ability using classic false belief tests. Children participated in group effort conditions that alternated from one condition, where individual effort was transparent and obvious, to one where individual effort remained anonymous. The aim was to investigate if emergent mental state reasoning, after controlling for age, was associated with the well-known phenomenon of reduced effort in group tasks (“social loafing”). Girls had slightly higher ToM scores and …
A Randomized Comparison Of Two Instructional Sequences For Imitation Intervention For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Elaine Espanola
A Randomized Comparison Of Two Instructional Sequences For Imitation Intervention For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Elaine Espanola
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine differences in effectiveness and rate of skill acquisition between a recently developed and empirically validated instructional sequence, Motor and Vocal Imitation Assessment (MVIA), and a commonly used instructional sequence in a curriculum guide, Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP).
Methods: Children with ASD were randomly assigned to two treatment groups to determine difference in imitation performance. The treatment group followed the instructional sequence proposed in the MVIA. The comparison group followed the instructional sequence proposed in the VB-MAPP. Initial levels of imitation were assessed via the MVIA. The intervention …
Parental Conversation Styles And Learning Science With Preschoolers, Emily A. Stone
Parental Conversation Styles And Learning Science With Preschoolers, Emily A. Stone
Honors Theses and Capstones
Preschool children participated in a science-learning event about light in their own classroom. The same day as the event, parents or caregivers were instructed to converse with their children at home in the evening about either the science learning event or another ‘special or fun’ event that happened to them recently in whatever way was natural for them. One week later, a researcher interviewed children to examine what they remembered about the science-learning event. Analyses focused on the impact of the topic and degree of elaboration of parent-child conversations on children’s memory for the science-learning event a week later. The …
The Structure Of Child And Adolescent Aggression: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of A Brief Peer Conflict Scale, Justin Russell
The Structure Of Child And Adolescent Aggression: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of A Brief Peer Conflict Scale, Justin Russell
University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
The importance of simultaneous consideration of forms and functions in youth measures of aggressive behavior is well established. Competing models have presented these highly interrelated constructs as either independent (e.g., reactive or overt) or paired factors (e.g., reactive and overt). The current study examines these models in the context of assessing the viability of a new self-report measure, the Peer Conflict Scale – 20 Item Version. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on PCS 20 responses from 1,048 school-age youth living in the Gulf Coast region. Both models significantly improved upon one or two-factor alternatives, and demonstrated partial invariance across gender …
Ages Of Engagement In Risk Taking And Self-Harm: An Investigation Of The Dual Systems Model Of Adolescent Risk Taking, Brittany Dykstra
Ages Of Engagement In Risk Taking And Self-Harm: An Investigation Of The Dual Systems Model Of Adolescent Risk Taking, Brittany Dykstra
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Risk taking (RT) and self-harm (SH) are clinically, conceptually, and empirically
related, yet separate constructs, which occur most frequently during adolescence. The current study utilized retrospective reports of college students to determine reported ages of engagement in RT and SH behaviors. Reported ages were compared with predictions for ages of high frequency engagement in RT based on the Dual Systems Model of Adolescent Risk Taking (DSMART; Steinberg, 2010). The sample consisted of 228 college students, ranging in age from 18 to 48 years (mean 22.8), who completed a survey of commonly investigated RT (12 items) and SH (18 items) behaviors. …
The Influence Of Children's Affective Ties On The Goal Clarification Step Of Social Information Processing, Amanda C. Thorn
The Influence Of Children's Affective Ties On The Goal Clarification Step Of Social Information Processing, Amanda C. Thorn
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Previous studies have shown that children’s social goals are influenced by
emotion and that emotions can be manipulated using relationships. The present study combines these previous findings by examining the effect of children’s relationships on social goals. Social goals were examined in second and fifth grade children using hypothetical ambiguous provocation situations in which the relationship between the participant and the provocateur was manipulated by inserting the name of a friend, enemy, or a neutral peer into the story. After each situation, children rated the importance of four different social goals, indicating which of the four would be the most …
Therapeutic Interaction With Children Through Play, Carolyn J. Dix Ms.
Therapeutic Interaction With Children Through Play, Carolyn J. Dix Ms.
Senior Honors Theses
In the field of early childhood counseling, there has been a recent trend towards play therapy. Play is often referred to as the language of children because they can communicate their thoughts and feelings in ways that they express verbally. Therapeutic play sessions give therapists an opportunity to communicate with a child on his or her level which can provide more insight as to how to proceed with the therapy. The outcomes of play therapy implementations are substantially positive, and this therapeutic practice is becoming widely-accepted in the cases of childhood abuse, children with disabilities, children in hospitals, grieving children, …
Appalachian Origin Moderates The Association Between School Connectedness And Gpa, Steffen Wilson, Jonathan Gore
Appalachian Origin Moderates The Association Between School Connectedness And Gpa, Steffen Wilson, Jonathan Gore
Steffen Wilson
The relationship between connectedness to the university, Appalachian regional origin, and self-reported GPA was investigated in two studies. Both studies found that the association between school connectedness and GPA was positive among Appalachian students. However, counter to previous research, there was no association among the non-Appalachian students.
Using Clickers And Wikis To "Build A Boy.", Steffen Wilson, Dan Florell
Using Clickers And Wikis To "Build A Boy.", Steffen Wilson, Dan Florell
Steffen Wilson
This program focused on a class project that promoted critical thinking by combining the use of classroom Clickers and Wikis. The presentation presented a project using developmental psychology as an example in which students “Built a Boy” as a method of learning about the complexity of the nature/nurture interaction. This presentation was appropriate for middle school teachers to university lecturers who have access to classroom technology and present complex concepts to students.
Are Honors Students Losing Place In Cyberspace?, Steffen Wilson, Sarah Carty, Bruce Maclaren
Are Honors Students Losing Place In Cyberspace?, Steffen Wilson, Sarah Carty, Bruce Maclaren
Steffen Wilson
No abstract provided.
Appalachian Origin Moderates The Association Between School Connectedness And Gpa, Steffen Wilson, Jonathan Gore
Appalachian Origin Moderates The Association Between School Connectedness And Gpa, Steffen Wilson, Jonathan Gore
Steffen Wilson
The relationship between connectedness to the university, Appalachian regional origin, and self-reported GPA was investigated in two studies. Both studies found that the association between school connectedness and GPA was positive among Appalachian students. However, counter to previous research, there was no association among the non-Appalachian students.
From Arachne To Charlotte: An Imaginative Revisiting Of Gilligan's "In A Different Voice", Erika Rackley
From Arachne To Charlotte: An Imaginative Revisiting Of Gilligan's "In A Different Voice", Erika Rackley
William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Using Learning Outcomes Assessment In Honors As A Defense Against Proposed Standardized Testing, Steffen Wilson
Using Learning Outcomes Assessment In Honors As A Defense Against Proposed Standardized Testing, Steffen Wilson
Steffen Wilson
Learning outcomes assessment (LOA) is the self-assessment of self-created learning goals for students at the class, department, college, and university level. In higher education, LOA is being imposed upon us by our accrediting bodies (Eaton, Fryshman, Hope, Scanlon, & Crow, 2005; Lingenfelter & Lenth, 2005; Nichols, 1991, 1995; Wergin, 2005). This is difficult for us because LOA is not a part of the university culture, and there are very few people on most campuses skilled in the implementation of LOA. There is also very little in the way of release time and other resources that are being provided to implement …
We Know They Are Smart, But Have They Learned Anything?: Strategies For Assessing Learning In Honors, Steffen Pope Wilson, Rose M. Perrine
We Know They Are Smart, But Have They Learned Anything?: Strategies For Assessing Learning In Honors, Steffen Pope Wilson, Rose M. Perrine
Steffen Wilson
The independent assessment of student learning, or outcomes assessment, is a topic of national interest and one that is currently being addressed by many institutions of higher education. Honors programs, like all academic units, are being asked to create outcomes assessment programs. We provide here a brief history of outcomes assessment and an overview of the basic steps required for creating an outcomes assessment program. We then discuss suggestions for implementing outcomes assessment in honors.
Task Demands And Age-Related Differences In Retrieval And Response Inhibition, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp, Jennifer Daniels
Task Demands And Age-Related Differences In Retrieval And Response Inhibition, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp, Jennifer Daniels
Steffen Wilson
This study investigates the role of task demands on children's ability to inhibit irrelevant information using a block-cued directed-forgetting task. Recall performance was compared in a block-cued directed-forgetting task in which task demands had been decreased by presenting blocks of semantically related words with that in which unrelated words were presented. Inhibition patterns of recall were found at a younger age in the task that contained the related words than in the task that contained the unrelated words. These results suggest that previous results charting the development of cognitive inhibition may not have been exclusively the product of the development …
Limits Of The Retrieval Inhibition Construct: List Segregation In Directed-Forgetting, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp, Kevin Chapman
Limits Of The Retrieval Inhibition Construct: List Segregation In Directed-Forgetting, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp, Kevin Chapman
Steffen Wilson
The authors hypothesized that retrieval inhibition in list method directed forgetting could be improved by presenting a task that maximized the segregation step of the retrieval-inhibition process. In Experiment 1, they presented lists of semantically related words in a list method directed-forgetting task to maximize retrieval inhibition. Contrary to predictions, this manipulation eliminated the directed-forgetting effect. The authors further investigated the results of Experiment 1 in Experiments 2 and 3 by manipulating recall instructions and by presenting lists that contained both a categorized and an unrelated list-half. They found directed-forgetting effects for semantically related word lists when participants were asked …
Simple And Effective Methods For Talking About Teaching, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp
Simple And Effective Methods For Talking About Teaching, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp
Steffen Wilson
Traditionally, college teaching has been an individual endeavor. An instructor prepares her course without the assistance of colleagues, delivers course material without feedback from peers, assigns grades without the guidance of others, and handles problems as they arise on her own. There is something secure and sacred about this privatization of teaching, and we often are uncomfortable opening up this area of our professional lives to others. The opposite is true for our scholarship; we feel uncomfortable moving forward on a research project without long discussions with our colleagues, seeking their input and opinions on the numerous aspects of research.
Evaluation Of The Psychology Place: A Web-Based Instructional Tool For Psychology Courses., Steffen Wilson, Amy Harris
Evaluation Of The Psychology Place: A Web-Based Instructional Tool For Psychology Courses., Steffen Wilson, Amy Harris
Steffen Wilson
This study examined the effectiveness of the commercial Web site, The Psychology Place (http://psychologyplace.com) in helping students learn course material in an introductory psychology course. This site consists of linked pages that contain tutorials, readings, and links to relevant sites. All participants in this study attended conventional course lecture. In addition, half of the participants completed assignments from this Web site. Students who completed assignments from The Psychology Place and attended lecture demonstrated better understanding and retention of course material than students who had only attended lecture. This finding is noteworthy for instructors because incorporating this site into a course …