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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Validity And Diagnostic Accuracy Of An Adhd Symptom Rating Scale For Identifying Adults With Adhd, Stacy Jean Graves
Validity And Diagnostic Accuracy Of An Adhd Symptom Rating Scale For Identifying Adults With Adhd, Stacy Jean Graves
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Specific rating scales of ADHD symptomatology are often included in neuropsychological assessments evaluating adults diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV) is a widely used symptom rating scale that includes four questionnaires: self-report current, self-report childhood, other-report current, and other-report childhood. In addition to ADHD symptoms, each of the forms include items that assess functional impact and developmental history of symptomatology. While similar symptom rating scales have been found to have high validity and diagnostic utility in children, it is unclear the extent to which the BAARS-IV shares substantial common variance with other …
Comparison Of Public Mental Health Stigma In Youth, Desiree A. Clarke
Comparison Of Public Mental Health Stigma In Youth, Desiree A. Clarke
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The present study looked at mental health stigma in youth. Mental health stigma is devaluing, disgracing and disfavoring individuals with mental illness. Participants aged 11-14 completed a measure to rate their stigmatizing beliefs toward peers with either ADHD, depression, or asthma. Their ratings were compared for significance between genders and for the three different conditions: ADHD, depression, and asthma. Significant differences were found between the stigma ratings for asthma, depression and ADHD. ADHD had significantly higher stigma ratings than asthma, and depression had significantly higher stigma ratings than ADHD (on some, but not all, areas rated) and had consistently higher …
Relationship Between Maternal/Family Functioning And Social Functioning In Youth With Adhd, Ewald Michael Wefelmeyer
Relationship Between Maternal/Family Functioning And Social Functioning In Youth With Adhd, Ewald Michael Wefelmeyer
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Affecting roughly 5% of the population, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common mental health disorder characterized by deficits in attention, activity level, and/or impulse control causing impairments across multiple domains of functioning (APA, 2013). Although ADHD is most commonly associated with impairment in academic and behavioral functioning, there also exists a strong connection between the disorder and significant social impairment. Indeed, youth with ADHD typically have fewer friends and experience significantly higher levels of peer rejection than do typically developing youth (Bagwell, Molina, Pelham, & Hoza, 2001). In addition to social problems, ADHD is often associated with problems in the …
Adhd And Brain Anatomy: What Do Academic Textbooks Used In The Netherlands Tell Students?, Sanne Te Meerman, Laura Batstra, Justin E. Freedman, Rink Hoekstra, Hans Grietens
Adhd And Brain Anatomy: What Do Academic Textbooks Used In The Netherlands Tell Students?, Sanne Te Meerman, Laura Batstra, Justin E. Freedman, Rink Hoekstra, Hans Grietens
College of Education Faculty Scholarship
Studies of brain size of children classified with ADHD appear to reveal smaller brains when compared to ‘normal’ children. Yet, what does this mean? Even with the use of rigorously screened case and control groups, these studies show only small, average group differences between children with and without an ADHD classification. However, academic textbooks used in the Netherlands often portray individual children with an ADHD classification as having a different, malfunctioning brain that necessitates medical intervention. This conceptualisation of ADHD might serve professional interests, but not necessarily the interests of children.
Accurately Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder Among A Comorbid Population, Michelle Okolita
Accurately Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder Among A Comorbid Population, Michelle Okolita
Dissertations
Two of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are diagnosed in early childhood. The two disorders share similar impairments across domains, are highly comorbid, and have many overlapping symptoms. Studies have shown that among this comorbid population, children receive an ASD diagnosis a few years after their initial ADHD diagnosis, which leads to many negative consequences, including a delay in treatment. The focus in this study was on the early indicators of ASD that are present prior to the age of 3 years in order to educate others on these symptoms. In an …
Moderators Of Academic Performance And Symptom Severity In Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Ryan Nicole Cummins
Moderators Of Academic Performance And Symptom Severity In Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Ryan Nicole Cummins
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Research has documented the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom severity and poor academic outcomes. However, few studies have focused on identifying moderating variables of academic performance specific to adolescents, especially those with ADHD. The current study seeks to address these limitations, further exploring moderators of academic outcomes in a clinical sample of adolescents with ADHD. Specifically, the present study examined adolescent ratings of routines, parent-adolescent conflict, perceptions of parental involvement, and school engagement, on the relationship between ADHD symptom severity and academic performance (GPA). The sample consisted of a total of 140 caregiver-adolescent dyads ranging from ages 11- to …
Exploring Visual Attention Patterns Of Adults With Reported Adhd, Without Adhd, And Those With Malingering Adhd Symptoms, Roselia Juan
Exploring Visual Attention Patterns Of Adults With Reported Adhd, Without Adhd, And Those With Malingering Adhd Symptoms, Roselia Juan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Noncredible performance and the intentional faking of symptoms during psychological evaluations have been observed in those seeking to obtain personal benefits. Cognitive deficits, such as impairments in attention are common in mental health settings and many seek an evaluation to rule out an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Previous literature establishes a base rate for malingering to be between 22-47% in adult ADHD evaluations (Sullivan, 2007; Suhr et al., 2008; Marshall et al., 2010). However, those faking or exaggerating ADHD can go unnoticed on self-report measures. There are limited studies that have identified methods that can specifically discriminate true ADHD from malingered ADHD. …
Addressing Disparities In Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Assessment, Alicia Nuñez
Addressing Disparities In Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Assessment, Alicia Nuñez
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
There are existing disparities in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) assessment, diagnosis, and treatment among ethnic/racial minority children. Thus, greater empirical attention must be given to the neuropsychological assessment of Spanish-speaking children to address linguistic diversity and psychometric equivalence of commonly used measures, like the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC), across cultural groups. Therefore, this dissertation addressed the following aims: (I) examined the factor structure of the WISC–Fourth Edition Spanish (WISC-IV Spanish) in Hispanic children with ADHD, (II) evaluated the feasibility of developing short forms of the Spanish version of the WISC to expand the assessment toolbox for Spanish-speaking children with …
Adhd Symptoms And Alcohol Expectancies: The Moderating Roles Of Parenting And School Climate, Melanie Morse
Adhd Symptoms And Alcohol Expectancies: The Moderating Roles Of Parenting And School Climate, Melanie Morse
Theses and Dissertations
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood behavioral disorder that often extends into adulthood and is associated with negative health outcomes, including alcohol use. Alcohol expectancies are a widely studied predictor of alcohol use, and have been shown to predict alcohol use among individuals with ADHD. Positive alcohol expectancies appear to be particularly related to alcohol use as well as ADHD. However, a number of broad social factors including parent, peer, and school/environmental influence likely impact the relation between ADHD and alcohol expectancies. The current study examined positive parenting, parental monitoring, parental involvement, and school climate as moderators of the …
Development Of Prefrontal Structure And Connectivity In Typical Children And Children With Adhd: Association With Language And Executive Function, Dea Garic
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The structure and connectivity of the prefrontal cortex has been extensively studied for its contribution to language and executive function (EF) development, but many questions still remain whether its microstructural tissue properties can reliably predict behavioral outcomes in very young typically and atypically developing populations. In particular, the bilateral frontal aslant tract (FAT) has garnered increasing interest with respect to its potential association with both language and EF, but has yet to be examined in childhood attention disorders, such Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). At the same time, with advances in diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), new diffusion models offer more …
Examining Maternal Emotion Regulation In Children With And Without Adhd: A Multimodal Approach, Alexis Garcia
Examining Maternal Emotion Regulation In Children With And Without Adhd: A Multimodal Approach, Alexis Garcia
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: Our study utilized a multimodal approach to explore profiles of emotion regulation (ER) in mothers of young children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We also sought to understand how parent factors (i.e., skills, stress, ADHD symptoms) as well as child factors were associated with membership to these profiles. Methods: The final sample consisted of 182 parent-child dyads. Sixty-six children were in the typically developing group (Mean age = 5.47, SD = .90, 74.2% males), and there were 116 children in the ADHD group (Mean child age = 5.41, SD = .75, 80.2% males). Dyads completed a stress-inducing task …
Using Child-Centered Play Therapy As An Intervention To Reassess Adhd Diagnoses And Trauma In Children: A Literature Review, Bethany Gibbons
Using Child-Centered Play Therapy As An Intervention To Reassess Adhd Diagnoses And Trauma In Children: A Literature Review, Bethany Gibbons
Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses
Although it is difficult to assess, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent diagnosis that exists among children. A major factor that contributes to the complexity of this disorder is the parallel symptoms presented in other diagnoses. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children has been identified as being either comorbid with ADHD, or sharing similar symptoms, which can produce potential misdiagnosis and ultimately lead to ineffective or impertinent treatment. To better determine a child’s diagnosis and plan of treatment, an approach can be implemented to assist in distinguishing between the two disorders. Child-centered play therapy (CCPT) may serve as …
Cultivating Curiosity And Collaboration: Mentalizing As A Modality Of Intervention In Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Danielle M. Bryson
Cultivating Curiosity And Collaboration: Mentalizing As A Modality Of Intervention In Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Danielle M. Bryson
Child Development Theses
Parents and caregivers who are able to understand their own mental states are better able to hold a child’s mental states in mind, an important consideration for moderating negative perceptions of ADHD behavior. In this thesis, I discuss how mentalizing-focused treatment for parents and caregivers strengthens attachment bonds in families where a child is diagnosed with ADHD. I explore the effectiveness of mentalizing-focused treatment to parents, some of whom experience difficulty in understanding their own mental states, and all of whom experience challenges in interpreting the intentions and mental states of their children, particularly in families where a child has …
The Impact Of Emotion Regulation On Adhd And Depressive Symptoms In Emerging Adults, Hannah Meidahl
The Impact Of Emotion Regulation On Adhd And Depressive Symptoms In Emerging Adults, Hannah Meidahl
Honors College
The present thesis describes a study examining the process of emotion regulation (ER) and its connections to symptoms of two forms of psychopathology, attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression, both separately and comorbidly. ER can be characterized as the processes and components that make up a person’s ability to express, experience, and control his/her emotions. It is theorized to be an important component of a variety of psychological disorders, including ADHD and depression. ER has been found to play a vital role in the development of both of these disorders and there has been speculation that ER may explain some of …
Reactive And Regulative Temperament Dimensions, Emotion Regulation, And Concurrent Internalizing And Externalizing Pathology Among Youth With Adhd., Kirsten D. Leaberry
Reactive And Regulative Temperament Dimensions, Emotion Regulation, And Concurrent Internalizing And Externalizing Pathology Among Youth With Adhd., Kirsten D. Leaberry
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Emerging research has increasingly identified the detrimental effect of internalizing and externalizing comorbidity on the functioning of youth with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Research in the broad child psychopathology literature has identified a variety of dispositional and developmental risk factors for psychopathology development in youth. However, a conceptual model of psychopathology development has yet to be developed and empirically evaluated in an ADHD sample. Children with ADHD may be particularly vulnerable to exhibiting high rates of psychopathology, given deficits in self-regulation prevalent in this population. The current study proposed and evaluated a theoretical model of distal and proximal risk factors for …
Mind Wandering As A Mechanism Of Attentional Dysfunction Among Children With Adhd, Brittany Merrill
Mind Wandering As A Mechanism Of Attentional Dysfunction Among Children With Adhd, Brittany Merrill
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The current study aims to experimentally investigate the occurrence of mind wandering (MW) among children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Participants included 59 children with ADHD and 55 typically developing children. Participants completed a sustained attention task that included non-target photos of people to which children were told to respond and target photos of animals—e.g., birds, bears, cows—that children were instructed to withhold response to. Non-target photos included photos of children doing activities such as sports and birthday parties, a portion of which were the participant’s own photos (self-referential [SR] photos) in order to experimentally increase SR internal distraction or …
Early Neural And Environmental Predictors Of Later Emotion Dysregulation In Children With And Without Adhd Symptoms, Shannon Gair
Early Neural And Environmental Predictors Of Later Emotion Dysregulation In Children With And Without Adhd Symptoms, Shannon Gair
Masters Theses
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders and is characterized by excessive inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity. There is evidence that many children with ADHD experience emotion dysregulation, but little is known about the mechanisms by which children with ADHD develop difficulties with emotion dysregulation. The goal of the present study is to identify early neural and environmental predictors of emotion dysregulation and determine whether these factors interact in contributing to later emotion dysregulation. In this study, children (aged 4-7) with ADHD symptoms and typically developing children participated. Measures of emotion socialization and neural …
Family Functioning In Latinx Families Of Children With Adhd: The Role Of Parental Gender And Acculturation, Anne Malkoff, Margaret Grace, Theresa Lauer Kapke, Alyson C. Gerdes
Family Functioning In Latinx Families Of Children With Adhd: The Role Of Parental Gender And Acculturation, Anne Malkoff, Margaret Grace, Theresa Lauer Kapke, Alyson C. Gerdes
Psychology Faculty Research and Publications
Objectives:
It has been well-established that parents of children with ADHD report significantly higher levels of parenting stress and home chaos, and lower levels of parental efficacy than parents of children without ADHD. Unfortunately, most of the extant ADHD literature has focused on European American children and families, resulting in a paucity of research focusing on ethnic minority families of children with ADHD. The current study aimed to expand what is known about Latinx parents of children with ADHD by exploring contextual and cultural factors, such as parental gender and acculturation, which may account for variations in parenting experiences within …
Teachers' Impact On Psychosocial Treatment For Latino Youth With Adhd, Margaret Anne Grace
Teachers' Impact On Psychosocial Treatment For Latino Youth With Adhd, Margaret Anne Grace
Dissertations (1934 -)
The current study examined the impact of teacher engagement in psychosocial treatment for Latino youth with ADHD and their families. Participants included sixty-one Latino youth, along with their primary caregiver and teacher. Results revealed that teachers were equally engaged in treatment regardless of the source of the referral to treatment, a finding which is encouraging as it indicates that teachers were motivated to work with their students and families. Additionally, results indicated that referral source and specific aspects of teacher engagement in treatment were related to certain child and parent/family treatment outcomes. Of note, several aspects of teacher engagement in …
Examining Biobehavioral Indicators Of Adhd In Children With Fxs, Hannah Pressler
Examining Biobehavioral Indicators Of Adhd In Children With Fxs, Hannah Pressler
Senior Theses
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity behaviors that are inconsistent with developmental age. Children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, are often diagnosed with comorbid ADHD (53-59% of males with FXS). Despite the prevalence of ADHD in FXS, little is known about the early manifestation of ADHD. The current project aims to explore group differences in play behaviors between children with FXS and typically developing (TD) children as well as the correlation of infant play behavior and heart activity to future ADHD attention outcomes. Participants included male children with FXS and …
College Student Perceptions Of Adhd: Links Between Prior Knowledge And Stigma, Caterina Langlois
College Student Perceptions Of Adhd: Links Between Prior Knowledge And Stigma, Caterina Langlois
Senior Honors Theses
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by persistent inattention, which might or might not accompany hyperactivity and impulsivity, that noticeably interferes with functioning and development in at least two settings. It is a commonly diagnosed childhood mental health disorder. Public knowledge and attitudes towards ADHD are an important consideration for those who are going to potentially be working with that population. Research has shown older children and parents may attribute ADHD behavior to poor social skills or immaturity. Teachers often report feeling unprepared to have a student with ADHD and would like more training. Some research has shown the …
Preliminary Psychometrics For The Executive Function Challenge Task: A Novel, “Hot” Flexibility, And Planning Task For Youth, Lauren Kenworthy, Andrew Freeman, Allison Ratto, Katerina Dudley, Kelly K. Powell, Cara E. Pugliese, John F. Strang, Alyssa Verbalis, Laura G. Anthony
Preliminary Psychometrics For The Executive Function Challenge Task: A Novel, “Hot” Flexibility, And Planning Task For Youth, Lauren Kenworthy, Andrew Freeman, Allison Ratto, Katerina Dudley, Kelly K. Powell, Cara E. Pugliese, John F. Strang, Alyssa Verbalis, Laura G. Anthony
Psychology Faculty Research
Objective: Executive functions (EF) drive health and educational outcomes and therefore are increasingly common treatment targets. Most treatment trials rely on questionnaires to capture meaningful change because ecologically valid, pediatric performance-based EF tasks are lacking. The Executive Function Challenge Task (EFCT) is a standardized, treatment-sensitive, objective measure which assesses flexibility and planning in the context of provocative social interactions, making it a “hot” EF task. Method: We investigate the structure, reliability, and validity of the EFCT in youth with autism (Autism Spectrum Disorder; n = 129), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with flexibility problems (n = 93), and typically developing …
What’S In A Name? How The Language Of Mental Health Diagnoses Affects The Ability To Heal, Elizabeth Marston, Samuel Marion
What’S In A Name? How The Language Of Mental Health Diagnoses Affects The Ability To Heal, Elizabeth Marston, Samuel Marion
National Youth Advocacy and Resilience Conference
When a person receives a mental health diagnosis, they are often started down a path of receiving help, but also of receiving stigma. This presentation will discuss how language around a diagnosis can affect a child’s sense of self as well as either help or hurt a student’s ability to manage and heal.
Does Overweight/Obesity Moderate The Association Between Adhd And Internalizing Difficulties In Young Adults?, Breanna Badripersaud
Does Overweight/Obesity Moderate The Association Between Adhd And Internalizing Difficulties In Young Adults?, Breanna Badripersaud
Dissertations and Theses
This study’s objective was to investigate if ADHD symptoms and BMI are associated with internalizing impairments of depression, anxiety, stress and lower self-esteem in college students. It was predicted that higher ADHD symptoms would be associated with elevated depression, anxiety, stress, and low self-esteem, especially if BMI fell in the overweight/obese range. Undergraduate students [N= 580; Mean (SD) age= 20.7 (3.10)] from an urban campus completed an online survey comprising self-report measures of demographics, height/weight, attention and hyperactivity/impulsivity (Barkley Deficits Executive Functioning Scale ADHD- Executive Function Index), depression, anxiety, stress (all using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale) and self- …
A Natural Remedy: Nbccpt Approach In School For Adhd Diagnosed, Kiran Patel
A Natural Remedy: Nbccpt Approach In School For Adhd Diagnosed, Kiran Patel
Capstone Showcase
Nature-based child centered play therapy (NBCCPT) is a non-directive approach that can be practiced by the counselor in a natural environment consisting of natural tools. The approach allows a child to lead a therapy session without the counselor’s input. Such an approach can be beneficial for children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), especially in a school setting. Therapy in school can aid families that cannot afford outpatient therapy as well as allow counselors to track the child’s therapy progress. In school, counselors can utilize an outdoor garden to conduct NBCCPT with the help of five stages, planning, preparing, planting, …
Caffeine Use And Associations With Sleep In Adolescents With And Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Caroline N. Cusick
Caffeine Use And Associations With Sleep In Adolescents With And Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Caroline N. Cusick
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to compare caffeine consumption in the morning, afternoon, and evening in adolescents with and without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and examine associations with sleep functioning. Participants were 302 adolescents (ages 12-14) with (n=140) and without (n=162) ADHD. Adolescents wore actigraph watches to assess total sleep time and wake after sleep onset and reported on their sleep-wake problems and the number of caffeinated beverages consumed per day in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Parents reported on adolescents’ difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep. Chi-square analyses, odds ratios, and path analyses were conducted. Analyses controlled for sex, …
Adhd: Not Overdiagnosed, Misdiagnosed, Krista Graham
Adhd: Not Overdiagnosed, Misdiagnosed, Krista Graham
Capstone Showcase
There has been much debate surrounding the over- or under- diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One reason for this debate is that ADHD is a commonly misdiagnosed disorder. This leads to negative consequences for those who have been misdiagnosed and receive stimulant medication management. Misdiagnosis of ADHD is likely due to the interaction of four main factors. First, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) has a lower validity for ADHD diagnosis than previous editions. Second, primary care physicians (PCPs) are responsible for the vast majority of ADHD diagnoses but have a …
Atheoretical Versus Theory-Based Approaches In Promoting Safer Adhd-Medication Prescribing For Adults, Kathleen A. Fairman
Atheoretical Versus Theory-Based Approaches In Promoting Safer Adhd-Medication Prescribing For Adults, Kathleen A. Fairman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Gaps between treatment guidelines and medical decisions persist despite interventions with physicians, which are mostly atheoretical. The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to compare atheoretical and theory-based logistic regression models of a binary outcome: potentially unsafe prescribing of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications to adults. Social cognitive theory and self-determination theory provided the framework for the study. Predictors were framed as social cognitive theoretical constructs: knowledge (e.g., physician specialty) and environmental influence (e.g., interventions). Atheoretical hypotheses were based on legislation mandating meaningful use of electronic health records and computerized decision support (CDS). Theory-based hypotheses were derived from literature …
Creating A Standardized Workflow For Providers At South Burlington Family Practice, South Burlington Vt For Documenting And Diagnosing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder In Pediatric Patients Aged 0-17, Racquel Sales De Castro
Creating A Standardized Workflow For Providers At South Burlington Family Practice, South Burlington Vt For Documenting And Diagnosing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder In Pediatric Patients Aged 0-17, Racquel Sales De Castro
Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects
An initiative of the Vermont Child Health Improvement Program (VCHIP) is to improve the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD) pediatric diagnostic process in both family medicine and pediatric practices in the state of Vermont. This project specifically on improving this process at South Burlington Family Practice in South Burlington Vermont but is generalizable to all practices caring for pediatric and adolescent patients. For this project emphasis was placed on creating a standardized workflow that is followed by all providers in the practice, creating educational material for caregivers who present with a behavioral concern for their child or adolescent, and establishing an efficient …