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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Preparing Mental Health Professionals For Work In Collaborative Care Settings, Angela G. Hester
Preparing Mental Health Professionals For Work In Collaborative Care Settings, Angela G. Hester
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
There has been a significant shift regarding how health and illness are conceptualized. In decades past, the biomedical model predominated. Factors other than biological were not seen as important with regard to the diagnosis and treatment of illness; mind and body were viewed as separate. Engel’s 1977 article challenged the biomedical perspective with the biopsychosocial model, suggesting the reciprocal nature of biological, psychological and social factors on patients’ experience of health and illness, and responsiveness to treatment interventions. While viewing individuals holistically was not a new concept at that time, several factors led the biopsychosocial model to gain wide acceptance …
Family Support: A Buffer For Parenting Stress Among Ethnic Minority Parents Of Children With Dd, Susanna Luu
Family Support: A Buffer For Parenting Stress Among Ethnic Minority Parents Of Children With Dd, Susanna Luu
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Adapting to a new culture is a stressful experience for some ethnic minorities. Lower acculturation in ethnic minorities is related to high levels of stress. Parents of children with developmental delays (DD) typically experience high levels of stress, particularly parenting stress. Therefore, ethnic minority families of children with development delays may be at risk for especially high levels of parenting stress due to the additive stress of adapting to a new culture. Currently, there is uncertainty within the field about the relationship between acculturation and parenting stress given that studies have found both low and high levels of acculturation to …
Student Healthcare Providers' Illness Narratives: Impact On Family-Focused Care, Lindsey Ann Lawson
Student Healthcare Providers' Illness Narratives: Impact On Family-Focused Care, Lindsey Ann Lawson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
In this study, we interviewed 30 students training for three areas of healthcare: medicine, nursing, and medical family therapy (MedFT). Through grounded theory analysis of these interviews, we looked to understand how these providers connected their own experiences with illness to their clinical work, particularly in including patients’ family members in care. The majority of participants, and especially those in medicine and nursing disciplines, described a tension between their desire to connect with patients and families and their developing definition of professionalism. For others, the impact of students’ personal experiences with illness seemed to provide a different definition of professionalism, …
Human Action Switching In Hiv, Chinonyere Nzerem
Human Action Switching In Hiv, Chinonyere Nzerem
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
We evaluated switching in human action/verb fluency to examine how it associates with other measures of executive functioning and with difficulties in the performance of IADLs in a HIV+ sample. Our sample was comprised of 29 HIV+ participants. All the participants completed measures of phonetic fluency (FAS) and semantic fluency [Animals, Human Actions (HA)] in addition to the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Stroop Color-Word Test (Stroop), Trail-making Test Part B (TMT B), Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the Boston Naming Task (BNT). The first regression model with phonetic and semantic switching produced R2 = .260, …
Predictors Of Addiction Treatment Attrition, Suranee Abeyesinhe
Predictors Of Addiction Treatment Attrition, Suranee Abeyesinhe
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA’s) National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 23.5 million persons aged 12 or older needed treatment for an illicit drug or alcohol abuse problem in 2009 (9.3 percent of persons aged 12 or older). Unfortunately, addiction treatment completion rates remain relatively low, looming around 50%. In order for treatment programs to be more effective, it is imperative that risk factors for attrition are identified, and that programs strive to combat these risks through personalized engagement and individually tailored treatment programs. This study aims to identify specific risk factors for …
Interaction Of Parent Pain And Child Empathy On Child Depression: A Pilot Study, Ketlyne Sol
Interaction Of Parent Pain And Child Empathy On Child Depression: A Pilot Study, Ketlyne Sol
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Children aged 11-17, in their relationships with their parents, are capable of experiencing a negative mood if their parent is in pain. According to the empathy-altruism hypothesis, people that are high on empathy will want to help someone in distress with the ultimate goal of benefitting the other person. Because of this, the empathy-altruism hypothesis proposes that if an attempt to help is not resolved, the person will report more negative mood. Because children are capable of experiencing empathy for their parents in distress and feel a negative mood as a result, it was hypothesized that an interaction between empathy …
Association Of Dietary Intake Patterns With Emotion Regulation, Megan Holt
Association Of Dietary Intake Patterns With Emotion Regulation, Megan Holt
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Background: Western dietary patterns, characterized by high intakes of trans fatty acids (TFA’s), are associated with numerous preventable chronic diseases. Conversely, a Mediterranean dietary pattern is known to be favorably associated with health. Recent findings suggest a correlation between Mediterranean dietary patterns and positive affect, and an inverse correlation with negative affect. Trans fatty acid intake is also associated with negative affect. Further, affect disturbances are associated with emotion dysregulation. We have yet to understand the association of diet with emotion regulation after taking affect disturbances into consideration. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of Mediterranean diet …
Online Psychosocial Support For Oncology Patients: A Group Facilitation Manual, Kristen Mallory Richards
Online Psychosocial Support For Oncology Patients: A Group Facilitation Manual, Kristen Mallory Richards
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
A significant portion of the oncology population is seeking, yet not receiving, adequate psychological treatment. Therefore, the Internet has become an important resource for delivering services to those that may be limited by barriers that accompany traditional oncology support groups. While research has shown that online therapy is effective, the quality and efficacy of therapy is often unknown and/or sub-optimal and essential psychological care cancer patients deserve is compromised. The purpose of this project was to provide therapists and other mental health professionals with a structured, evidence-based guide to providing quality mental health care for cancer patients. First, a review …
Motivational Interviewing Group To Address Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Salma A. Salem
Motivational Interviewing Group To Address Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Salma A. Salem
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The purpose of this doctoral project was to create a group treatment manual for adults diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, who were displaying adverse health behaviors that were modifiable by lifestyle change. In order to create the manual, an extensive literature review was conducted in the areas of the prevalence of chronic illness in the United States, cardiovascular disease and associated health risk factors, motivational interviewing, health behavior change, and group therapy with adults. The result is a manual consisting of 10 detailed weekly sessions, including pre/post outcome measures, complete with handouts and facilitator guidelines for working with this population.
Predictors Of Neuropsychological Status In Cardiac Patients, Joel E. Kamper
Predictors Of Neuropsychological Status In Cardiac Patients, Joel E. Kamper
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Heart Disease is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. Disease processes such as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) account for the majority of cases, and are responsible for Myocardial Infarctions (MI), Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery, and other common disease sequelae and treatment paradigms. While the fact that heart can negatively impact cognitive functioning is well documented, the factors that drive changes in cognition have not been studied in depth. Additionally, while many heart patients choose to enter cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs designed to decrease morbidly and mortality, …
Meta-Analysis Of Rodent Behavior In Various Brain Injury And Disease Models, Earl C. Thorndyke Iii
Meta-Analysis Of Rodent Behavior In Various Brain Injury And Disease Models, Earl C. Thorndyke Iii
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The objective of this study was to identify patterns and profiles present in rodent behavioral assay data to inform methodology of future animal research. Domains of spatial learning, motor function, activity, and emotionality were examined. This study first identified how rodent performance on commonly used behavioral and neurocognitive assays varies by species, sex, and age. Significant differences were observed in spatial learning curves, patterns of motor function, emotionality and activity in rats and mice. Overall, males and females had similar performances on spatial learning and motor function, but sex and species interactions were also observed, indicating varied sex differences in …
Neuropsychological Correlates Of Anosognosia In Mci And Dementia, Krystle Dina Barrera
Neuropsychological Correlates Of Anosognosia In Mci And Dementia, Krystle Dina Barrera
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Anosognosia is a general term used to describe a lack of awareness of a disability and is well documented in various disorders associated with neurological compromise. While anosognosia is well documented as part and parcel to Alzheimer's dementia, less research has focused on determining the presence of anosognosia in what has come to be viewed as the subclinical precursor to dementia, mild cognitive impairment. In addition, a number of different methodologies and instruments are employed in quantifying and assessing anosognosia in various populations, which make comparison across studies and diagnoses difficult. Research commonly employs a paradigm that uses the discrepancy …
Implications Of Tailoring Emotional Expression Within An Expressive Writing Paradigm, Eric R. Hanson
Implications Of Tailoring Emotional Expression Within An Expressive Writing Paradigm, Eric R. Hanson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
This dissertation uses the theoretical perspective that both emotion and emotional processing theories could greatly enhance feedback messages given in a linguistic writing paradigm. The measurement of emotional expression is briefly reviewed along with the basic expressive writing paradigm, outcome of this expressive writing paradigm, and the tailoring literature. Reference is made to the single study (Owen, et al., 2011), which has utilized tailoring in an expressive writing paradigm; the present study is a modification of this original study. This dissertation used clinically minded feedback which utilized both emotion and emotional processing theory. For the experimental design, three tailoring conditions …
Psychometrically Valid Relationships Between Acculturation And Neuropsychological Factors, Eunice E. Kwon
Psychometrically Valid Relationships Between Acculturation And Neuropsychological Factors, Eunice E. Kwon
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Neuropsychological tests play a significant role in detecting brain dysfunction and treatment planning for patients. However, discrepancies in neurocognitive tests among ethnic minorities continue to perplex neuropsychologists and place ethnic minorities at a greater risk for misdiagnoses (Byrd et al., 2006). The aim of this study was to ascertain significant acculturation predictors influencing neuropsychological performance in ethnic minorities, particularly verbally mediated tasks which were known to be more susceptible to discrepancies in acculturation level were examined (Razani et al., 2007). Healthy participants from Hispanic (n = 52), Asian (n = 52), and Middle-Eastern (ME; n = 68) descents between the …
Screening Adherence And Emotional Adjustment Of Daughters Of Breast Cancer Patients, Sarah R. Ormseth
Screening Adherence And Emotional Adjustment Of Daughters Of Breast Cancer Patients, Sarah R. Ormseth
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Women at high risk for breast cancer oftentimes also experience psychological vulnerably related to experiences of cancer in their family, high bereavement rates and their own uncertainties regarding if and when they may develop the disease. This research sought to evaluate psychological adjustment and examine reattendance among a sample of women adhering to regular breast cancer surveillance, with a specific focus on daughters of breast cancer patients. The study described in Chapter 2 longitudinally profiled anxiety and depressive symptoms among these high-risk daughters across three consecutive surveillance appointments, and also evaluated the effects of a set of hypothesized predictors on …
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Acute Coronary Syndrome In Adulthood, Kanchana D. Wijesekera
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Acute Coronary Syndrome In Adulthood, Kanchana D. Wijesekera
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Research studies demonstrate that exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) lead to physical and mental health consequences in adulthood, including cardiovascular disease (Dong, Giles, Felitti et al, 2004; Felitti, Anda, Nordenberg, et al, 1998). One potential mechanism linking ACEs to cardiovascular disease is impaired social competence necessary for successful relationships and adequate social support. In the current study, the impact of ACEs on social support and subsequent incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was examined in a cohort of 6,596 older Seventh-day Adventists. After controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and psychological factors, ACE exposure predicted increased risk of ACS by 31% …
Adolescent Participation In Traditional Martial Arts: Effects Of Training On Risk Behaviors And Psychological Wellbeing, Stephanie Anne Devore Goldsmith
Adolescent Participation In Traditional Martial Arts: Effects Of Training On Risk Behaviors And Psychological Wellbeing, Stephanie Anne Devore Goldsmith
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Adolescence is the period of lifetime development in which many youth begin to make health and lifestyle choices that have a significant impact on overall wellbeing as they transition from childhood into young adulthood. Physical activity appears to be linked to making other healthy lifestyle choices including non-engagement in risk behaviors and improvement in mood and self-concept. The current study sought to examine the effect participation in traditional martial arts training has on overall psychological wellbeing in adolescents. This study administered two widely used and validated scales, the CDC's Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and the Piers Harris-2 (PH-2) …
Acculturation As A Mediating Factor Between Ethnic And Self-Identities, Judith A. Hotvedt
Acculturation As A Mediating Factor Between Ethnic And Self-Identities, Judith A. Hotvedt
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Is acculturation a mediating factor in self- and ethnic identity among ethnic minority emerging-adults? A conceptual model was tested examining links between self and ethnic identity and acculturation. An association was proposed between perceived social support, affirmation and belonging, and EOM self-identity statuses (diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, achievement) as mediated by VIA mainstream and heritage acculturation. A second association was proposed between out-group orientation, interpersonal variables, and ethnic identity as mediated by VIA mainstream and heritage acculturation. This study did not provide full support for acculturation as a mediating variable; rather, the ‘interpersonal variable’ was an intervening variable in the association …
Body Objectification, Ethnic Identity And Cosmetic Surgery In African-American Women, Allycin Powell-Hicks
Body Objectification, Ethnic Identity And Cosmetic Surgery In African-American Women, Allycin Powell-Hicks
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
This study investigated the role of ethnic identity in African-American women's relationship with their bodies and their decisions for cosmetic procedures. The research hypotheses are: (1) The odds of receiving a cosmetic procedure increase with lower endorsements of ethnic identity. (2) Ethnic identity has an effect on surveillance, shame, and body control in African-American Women. Ethnic identity will be measured with the Multiethnic Identity Measure (MEIM), which measures subjects' self-assessed membership in their ethnic group. Body Objectification is measured by the Objectified Body Consciousness scale, which measures a woman's endorsements of surveillance, shame, and control. The sample consisted of 175 …
Cerebral Metabolic And Neuropsychological Outcomes Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Julia L. Evans
Cerebral Metabolic And Neuropsychological Outcomes Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Julia L. Evans
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adolescents and adults can result in cognitive, emotional, behavioral and neurological deficits that can persist more than a year after an injury. The current preliminary study used 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to determine if prolonged cerebral metabolic and cognitive alterations occur in individuals with persistent neurocognitive deficits following a mild TBI (mTBI). The current study evaluated the potential interactions between cerebral metabolism and neuropsychological performance, coping style, mood, and perceived quality of life in mTBI subjects with chronic post-concussive symptoms. The mTBI subjects performed worse than controls on neuropsychological …
Mindfulness And Parental Stress Among Parents Of Children With Development Delays: The Role Of The Marital Relationship, Merideth Robinson
Mindfulness And Parental Stress Among Parents Of Children With Development Delays: The Role Of The Marital Relationship, Merideth Robinson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Background: Studies have found that marital satisfaction and parenting stress are important risk factors for negative child outcomes. However, parenting stress and broader family factors like the marital relationship are rarely addressed in interventions targeting childhood problems. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) appears to be the stress-based intervention that has the most empirical support with over 50 studies demonstrating its effectiveness; however, to date no peer-reviewed article has been published examining whether this intervention can help reduce parenting stress (Chiesa, & Serretti, 2009; Grossman, Niemann, Schmidt, & Walach, 2004). Similarly, research has shown that marital satisfaction significantly impacts parental stress and …
Sexual Trauma, Attachment, And Dissociation In Eating Disorder Populations, Kelly Cauley Rivinius
Sexual Trauma, Attachment, And Dissociation In Eating Disorder Populations, Kelly Cauley Rivinius
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The current study examined the process by which attachment influences dissociation in the presence of sexual trauma history. Sixty-two female individuals completed measures of attachment, trauma, and dissociation as a part of the intake assessment process the first week of their admission to a partial hospitalization program for treatment of an eating disorder. These archival data (2006 – 2013) were hand scored and coded by the researcher to ensure consistency across measures. Multiple mediations in parallel and moderated mediations in parallel were run using Hayes’ (2012) bootstrapping PROCESS macros. Consistent with predictions derived from the literature, sexual trauma significantly predicted …
Treatment Options For Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious Behavior: A Systematic Review, Rebecca E. Ballinger
Treatment Options For Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious Behavior: A Systematic Review, Rebecca E. Ballinger
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
A systematic review was conducted using four different databases and seven different search terms to address the following points: (1) what types of clinical treatment programs are currently being used to address self-harming behaviors in adolescents, (2) how do each of these programs define self-harm, (3) what theory guides these intervention programs, (4) and how effective are these programs at reducing self-harming behaviors in adolescents? Nine final studies were identified and the quality of the reporting of these studies was assessed using an extension of the CONSORT 2010 (Consort Group, 2010) checklist for pragmatic studies. The results of this study …
Simpatia And Perceptions Of Healthcare Mistreatment Among Latino And Anglo Women, Andres Gilberto Mendez
Simpatia And Perceptions Of Healthcare Mistreatment Among Latino And Anglo Women, Andres Gilberto Mendez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Past research has examined perceptions of mistreatment in the context of healthcare professional-patient relationships, but the majority of the literature has focused primarily on racial and ethnic differences. Guided by Betancourt's Model for the Study of Culture, the aim of this research was to examine the role of culture and its association with perceptions of healthcare mistreatment among Latino and Anglo women. Specifically, this study investigated ethnic differences in perceptions of healthcare mistreatment through the investigation of simpatÃa, a cultural script that stresses interpersonal harmony and personal characteristics such as being likeable and easy going. The study also found ethnic …
Effects Of Proton Radiation And Pomegranates On Hippocampus And Behavior, Melissa S. Dulcich
Effects Of Proton Radiation And Pomegranates On Hippocampus And Behavior, Melissa S. Dulcich
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Exposure to ionizing radiation may have deleterious effects on physical and mental health, with an increased risk of proton radiation for astronauts traveling outside Earth's atmosphere into lower earth orbit. In animal models, radiation has been shown to suppress neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, a key area for learning and memory. Furthermore, some evidence suggests that compounds found in fruits and vegetables (e.g. polyphenols) may offer some protection against the cellular effects of radiation. Few studies have looked at the effects of proton radiation on the central nervous system, even though proton radiation is the most prevalent …
Discrimination-Based Attributions For Mistreatment Affect Continuity Of Care, Gregory John Regts
Discrimination-Based Attributions For Mistreatment Affect Continuity Of Care, Gregory John Regts
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Previous research has described the role of perceived healthcare mistreatment and negative emotions in continuity of cancer screening care for both Latino and Anglo American women (Betancourt, Flynn, & Ormseth, 2011). From a social psychological perspective, cognitive processes, such as the causal attributions patients make for the way they are treated, are expected to play a role in how mistreatment affects emotion and behavior. Based on Weiner's attribution theory of motivation and emotion and Betancourt's integrative model of culture, psychological processes, and behavior, the present study examined the influence of attributing healthcare mistreatment to discrimination on continuity of cancer screening …
When Boys Hurt: A Pilot Study On Adolescent Males With Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Danessa Mayo
When Boys Hurt: A Pilot Study On Adolescent Males With Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Danessa Mayo
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The current literature on nonsuicidal self-injury among male adolescents is lacking in amount and level of understanding in comparison to females. The purpose of this study is to determine the gender differences in treatment outcomes for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury in a Dialectical Behavior Therapy outpatient program. A total of 65 adolescent males and females from ages 12-18 who successfully graduated from the program were available for this study. Results show that the overall group of male and female patients reported a significant improvement in their levels of distress from baseline to post-treatment. Quantitative analyses conducted between male and female …
Linguistic Predictors Of Peer Responsiveness In An Online Cancer Support Group, Andrea Lewallen
Linguistic Predictors Of Peer Responsiveness In An Online Cancer Support Group, Andrea Lewallen
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Introduction: Little is known about how group cohesion develops in online support group communities. Previous research suggests that message content, selfdisclosure, and emotional expression may be central to this process. The purpose of this study was to identify linguistic and qualitative characteristics of participants.' Messages that predict how other participants respond in an asynchronous discussion board for cancer-related distress. Method: 525 discussion board messages posted by 116 participants in the healthspace.net trial were collected. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (2001) was used to identify linguistic markers of emotional expression and pronoun use. Message topics were identified using qualitative analysis. Logistic …
Evaluating Use Of An Online Intervention For Cancer Patients With Distress, Amanda Gorlick
Evaluating Use Of An Online Intervention For Cancer Patients With Distress, Amanda Gorlick
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Internet-based interventions have been effective in improving cancer survivors' psychosocial functioning. However, low levels of engagement in these interventions have been common. A qualitative interview study was conducted to assess cancer survivors' needs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a diverse sample of 25 cancer survivors who were minimally engaged (i.e. spent around 1 hour total on website) with the online intervention created by Owen and colleagues. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis. Twenty themes were identified from the individual interviews. With an average Kappa in the near perfect range (Kappa= 0.89), the obtained codes were deemed a …