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Articles 1 - 30 of 69
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Prenatal Development: Annotated Bibliography, Victoria J. Molfese, Amanda Prokasky, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Ibrahim H. Acar, Xiaoqing Tu, Kate Sirota, Brian Keiser
Prenatal Development: Annotated Bibliography, Victoria J. Molfese, Amanda Prokasky, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Ibrahim H. Acar, Xiaoqing Tu, Kate Sirota, Brian Keiser
Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications
For decades, researchers have investigated how events in the prenatal period impact women and their infants. These studies, particularly by researchers in the medical, neuroscience, and behavioral science fields, led to discoveries of important information regarding the prenatal events that were strongly associated with mortality (or death) and morbidity (or incidences of injury, pathology and abnormalities/anomalies, and neurobehavioral sequelae) in the neonatal and infancy periods. Among the many common findings from early research studies, two are particularly noteworthy. First, maternal and fetal risk conditions arising in the prenatal period do not do so in isolation. Sameroff and Chandler characterized this …
Randomized Clinical Trial Examining Duration Of Voucher-Based Reinforcement Therapy For Cocaine Abstinence., Kimberly C Kirby, Carolyn M Carpenedo, Karen L Dugosh, Beth J Rosenwasser, Lois A Benishek, Alicia Janik, Rachel Keashen, Elena Bresani, Kenneth Silverman
Randomized Clinical Trial Examining Duration Of Voucher-Based Reinforcement Therapy For Cocaine Abstinence., Kimberly C Kirby, Carolyn M Carpenedo, Karen L Dugosh, Beth J Rosenwasser, Lois A Benishek, Alicia Janik, Rachel Keashen, Elena Bresani, Kenneth Silverman
Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics
BACKGROUND: This is the first study to systematically manipulate duration of voucher-based reinforcement therapy (VBRT) to see if extending the duration increases abstinence during and following VBRT.
METHODS: We randomized cocaine-dependent methadone-maintained adults to Standard (12 weeks; n=62) or Extended (36 weeks; n=68) VBRT and provided escalating voucher amounts contingent upon urinalysis verification of cocaine abstinence. Urinalysis was scheduled at least every 2 weeks during the 48-week study and more frequently during VBRT (3/week) and 12 weeks of Aftercare (2/week).
RESULTS: Extended VBRT produced longer durations of continuous cocaine abstinence during weeks 1-24 (5.7 vs 2.7 weeks; p=0.003) and proportionally …
The Cognitive Processes Underlying Affective Decision-Making Predicting Adolescent Smoking Behaviors In A Longitudinal Study, C. Anderson Johnson, Lin Xiao, Gilly Koritzky, Antoine Bechara
The Cognitive Processes Underlying Affective Decision-Making Predicting Adolescent Smoking Behaviors In A Longitudinal Study, C. Anderson Johnson, Lin Xiao, Gilly Koritzky, Antoine Bechara
CGU Faculty Publications and Research
This study investigates the relationship between three different cognitive processes underlying the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and adolescent smoking behaviors in a longitudinal study. We conducted a longitudinal study of 181 Chinese adolescents in Chengdu City, China. The participants were followed from 10th to 11th grade. When they were in the 10th grade (Time 1), we tested these adolescents’ decision-making using the IGT and working memory capacity using the Self-ordered Pointing Test (SOPT). Self-report questionnaires were used to assess school academic performance and smoking behaviors. The same questionnaires were completed again at the 1-year follow-up (Time 2). The Expectancy-Valence (EV) …
An Empirical Examination Of The Associations Among Crystal Methamphetamine Use History, Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Severity, And Perceived Social Support, Courtney Elaine Dutton
An Empirical Examination Of The Associations Among Crystal Methamphetamine Use History, Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Severity, And Perceived Social Support, Courtney Elaine Dutton
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Social support functions as a protective factor against the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Crystal methamphetamine use, however, is associated with a decrease in Social functioning. This is noteworthy as people with PTSD endorse elevated rates of crystal methamphetamine use. The current study proposed to look at perceived Social support as it relates to crystal methamphetamine use among individuals endorsing a wide range of posttraumatic stress symptoms. Questionnaires measuring perceived Social support and posttraumatic stress symptom severity were administered to 98 traumatic event-exposed adults (Mage = 48.5, SD =7.74) recruited from the San Francisco bay area who …
The Effectiveness Of Gain- Versus Loss-Framed Advertisements To Minimize Hazardous Drinking Among University Students: A Test Of Regulatory Fit, Barlas Gunay
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
University binge drinking is a concern. Traditionally, social norms marketing campaigns have been employed. Regulatory focus theory – based on the premise that behavior is driven either by the motivation to maximize gains (promotion) or to minimize losses (prevention) – offers an alternative approach to crafting persuasive appeals in this population. This study investigated the effectiveness of gain-framed versus loss-framed advertisements in lowering drinking intentions in a university sample. It further explored whether the effects were moderated by regulatory focus – primed and dispositional – and trait reactance. Online surveys were completed by 208 Introductory Psychology students (51.7% female, mean …
Alaska Winter's Relationship To Domestic Violence And Alcohol Abuse, Jennifer Marie Read
Alaska Winter's Relationship To Domestic Violence And Alcohol Abuse, Jennifer Marie Read
Geography and the Environment: Graduate Student Capstones
Alaska is known for its long, dark, cold winter months. Daylight savings time exists to cope with months that have little sunlight, but that still leaves on average, five hours of daylight. Special light bulbs exist to help with the darkness by providing light that tricks the body into thinking it is getting more sun than it really is. As daylight decreases, the weather turns colder; depression, alcohol, and domestic violence begin to rise. Studies show alcohol related crime and domestic violence occur more during the winter months in Alaska. This research paper will analyze the data pertaining to alcohol …
Session 4-2-A: Taking The Disorder Out Of Gambling Disorder, Denise F. Quirk, Colin M. Hodgen
Session 4-2-A: Taking The Disorder Out Of Gambling Disorder, Denise F. Quirk, Colin M. Hodgen
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
DSM‐5 Gambling Disorder
A. Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by four (or more) of the following in a 12‐month period:
A. Persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior as indicated by five (or more) of the following:
Session 4-2-C: Does Non-Problem Gaming Have Any Negative Impact On Gamblers?, Samuel Huang
Session 4-2-C: Does Non-Problem Gaming Have Any Negative Impact On Gamblers?, Samuel Huang
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Outline
Background
Literature Review
Data and Methodology
Analysis and Discussion
Session 4-1-A: Roman Addiction: The Changing Perception Of Problem Gaming In The Roman World, Suzanne B. Faris
Session 4-1-A: Roman Addiction: The Changing Perception Of Problem Gaming In The Roman World, Suzanne B. Faris
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Describes the perception of problem gambling in ancient Rome.
Session 4-1-C: Social Gaming: Problems, Policies And Predictions, Keith Whyte
Session 4-1-C: Social Gaming: Problems, Policies And Predictions, Keith Whyte
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Discusses key issues with social gaming.
Session 4-1-C: Social Media Gambling Games: Impact On Young People, Sally Gainsbury, Jeffrey L. Derevensky
Session 4-1-C: Social Media Gambling Games: Impact On Young People, Sally Gainsbury, Jeffrey L. Derevensky
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Key concerns for youth
Normalisation & positive impressions of gambling
Misrepresenting the odds of winning
Encouraging transition to real money gambling
Development of problems
Session 4-1-A: The Problem Gambling Center, Robert Hunter
Session 4-1-A: The Problem Gambling Center, Robert Hunter
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Provides information and statistics on the Problem Gambling Center.
Session 3-4-A: Public Opinion And Problem Gambling, Don Feeney
Session 3-4-A: Public Opinion And Problem Gambling, Don Feeney
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
What do we need to know?
How does the public perceive addiction?
Do they stigmatize addiction?
Do they recognize gambling addiction?
Do they understand the causes?
Do they understand the solutions?
Do they know where to go for help?
Do they know preventative factors?
What are they willing to do?
What messages are credible and appealing?
Session 3-3-C: The National Longitudinal Study Of Gambling Behaviour (Nlsgb): Preliminary Results, Andrew Dellis, Andre Hofmeyr, Harold Kincaid, Don Ross
Session 3-3-C: The National Longitudinal Study Of Gambling Behaviour (Nlsgb): Preliminary Results, Andrew Dellis, Andre Hofmeyr, Harold Kincaid, Don Ross
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Introduction
The NLSGB tracked 300 gamblers over a 15-month period.
A comprehensive survey instrument was compiled to analyse factors that might influence changes in risk of gambling problems over time.
The study was conducted in the four major metropolitan areas of South Africa: Johannesburg, Tshwane, Durban and Cape Town. We will discuss the study’s design and implementation and some preliminary results.
Session 3-3-A: An Improved Pathways Development Model Of Problem Gambling: A Summary Of 11 Studies In Hong Kong And Macau, Amy Chiu Sau Lam, Alice Chan Ying Ying, Chi Chuen Chan
Session 3-3-A: An Improved Pathways Development Model Of Problem Gambling: A Summary Of 11 Studies In Hong Kong And Macau, Amy Chiu Sau Lam, Alice Chan Ying Ying, Chi Chuen Chan
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Introduction
The rationale of this study came from a casual meeting of our supervisor Dr. Chan Chi Chuen and Professor Blaszczynski on a bus after the 2009 Reno conference.
On the bus, C. C. promised Mr. Blaszczynski that he would validate the pathways model in Hong Kong and Macau. And in the next 5 years, Dr. C.C. Chan and his students conducted 11 research projects on problem gambling in Hong Kong and Macau.
Purposes of current study
- To arrive on a summary finding from 11 studies on problem gambling
- To validate the pathways development model proposed by Blaszczynski & Nower …
Session 3-3-B: Recent Eu Gambling Regulatory Developments: A Case Of Many Court Cases With Institutions Courting Inconclusiveness?, Alan Littler
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Introduction
United Kingdom; shifting towards point of consumption regulation
Member States; competence to regulate is not boundless
Other European institutions; a different discourse?
Session 3-2-A: The Conceptual Framework Of Harmful Gambling, Max Abbott
Session 3-2-A: The Conceptual Framework Of Harmful Gambling, Max Abbott
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Project Overview
Purpose: develop a clear, comprehensive, internationally relevant conceptual framework of harmful gambling that addresses a broad set of factors related to population risk and resilience beyond the symptoms-based view that affects individuals
Previous models inform the work
As the project sponsor, OPGRC is collaborating with an expert panel to facilitate the development of a conceptual framework of harmful gambling that captures the broad set of factors related to harmful gambling
The framework is outlined in a publication, jointly authored by the expert panel members, and presented at the OPGRC website
Session 3-2-D: Predicting Gambling-Related Problems Among Internet Gamblers, Sarah E. Nelson
Session 3-2-D: Predicting Gambling-Related Problems Among Internet Gamblers, Sarah E. Nelson
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
The Goal
Use actual gambling behavior to identify, with good reliability and validity, distinct groups of gamblers among those who have gambling-related problems
Utilize this/these algorithm(s) to set up an early warning system for players at risk of developing problems
Session 3-2-C: Mentor - The New Online Prevention Tool In Use And Its Preliminary Results, Doris Malischnig
Session 3-2-C: Mentor - The New Online Prevention Tool In Use And Its Preliminary Results, Doris Malischnig
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
- Responsible Gaming (RG) Standards Casinos Austria / Austrian Lotteries
- MENTOR: Behavioral Feedback System
- Outlook
Session 2-4-D: New Educational Tools For Gambling Machine Players, Nigel E. Turner
Session 2-4-D: New Educational Tools For Gambling Machine Players, Nigel E. Turner
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Purpose
This paper will discuss the development of a series of education tools designed to teach players about the nature of gambling machines.
Currently being evaluated.
Session 2-4-C: Addressing The Related Epidemics Of Financial/Mathematical Illiteracy And Adolescent Problem Gambling, William S. Mallios, R. R. Mallios
Session 2-4-C: Addressing The Related Epidemics Of Financial/Mathematical Illiteracy And Adolescent Problem Gambling, William S. Mallios, R. R. Mallios
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Information and statistics addressing the epidemics of financial and mathematical illiteracy and adolescent problem gambling.
Session 2-3-C: Sports Betting Of Adolescents In Croatia: From Favorable Environment To Psychosocial Consequences, Dora Dodig, Neven Ricijas Phd, Valentina Kranzelic, Aleksandra Huic
Session 2-3-C: Sports Betting Of Adolescents In Croatia: From Favorable Environment To Psychosocial Consequences, Dora Dodig, Neven Ricijas Phd, Valentina Kranzelic, Aleksandra Huic
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Social context
Expansion of places registered for gambling, especially sports betting
Croatian Law on Games of Chance (2009.)
- Sports betting is illegal for minors (<18)
- Minimum 200 meters from schools
Session 2-3-C: How Do Teenagers’ Differentiate Computer Gaming From Gambling, Margaret Carran, Julia Hornle, Mark Griffiths
Session 2-3-C: How Do Teenagers’ Differentiate Computer Gaming From Gambling, Margaret Carran, Julia Hornle, Mark Griffiths
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Aims of the study
Part I – qualitative focus groups to find out:
- How some of London adolescents view gambling following the significant expansion of perceived opportunities to gamble in UK since 2007
- What they think gambling is and whether it differs from what law considers gambling to be
- What they think about the similarities and differences between computer games and monetary forms of gambling and in particular whether they recognise gambling types activities within computer games; and
- What they know about law relating to gambling and how, if at all, it influences their behaviour.
- To identify the main theme …
Session 2-3-G: The Consumption Screen For Problem Gambling (Cspg): Why A Penchant For Big Macs May Predict Appetites For Gambling, Matthew Rockloff, Matthew Browne Browne
Session 2-3-G: The Consumption Screen For Problem Gambling (Cspg): Why A Penchant For Big Macs May Predict Appetites For Gambling, Matthew Rockloff, Matthew Browne Browne
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Evidence for a common underlying trait: “Consumptiveness”
Consumptiveness: “A persistent orientation towards acquiring and using resources in excess of a proper accounting of their costs and benefits - resulting in harm.”
simple behaviors that result in immediate, sensation-oriented rewards
- alcohol, caffeine, smoking, illicit drugs, energy-rich foods (including salt)
- Gambling
Session 2-3-C: Adolescent Slot Machines Players: Experiences, Motivation And Cognitive Distortions, Neven Ricijas Phd, Dora Dodig, Valentina Kranzelic, Aleksandra Huic
Session 2-3-C: Adolescent Slot Machines Players: Experiences, Motivation And Cognitive Distortions, Neven Ricijas Phd, Dora Dodig, Valentina Kranzelic, Aleksandra Huic
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Aims of this research
1. to explore how often high-schools students play slot machines
2. to explore how often adolescent slot machine players play other games of chance
3. to explore their main motivation and beliefs related with gambling
4. to explore their gambling experiences and behavioral patterns
Session 2-3-G: Starving To Gamble: Hunger And Gambling-Related Craving Interact To Heighten Persistent Play Among Problem Gamblers, Travis K. Sztainert, Michael Wohl, Alfonso Abizaid
Session 2-3-G: Starving To Gamble: Hunger And Gambling-Related Craving Interact To Heighten Persistent Play Among Problem Gamblers, Travis K. Sztainert, Michael Wohl, Alfonso Abizaid
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Describes how hunger and gambling-related cravings relate to problem gambling.
Session 2-2-A: Effectiveness Of Brief Interventions For Problem Gambling: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Max Abbott
Session 2-2-A: Effectiveness Of Brief Interventions For Problem Gambling: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Max Abbott
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Introduction
Problem gambling a significant public health and social issue
Significant investment in publicly funded intervention services (Helpline, face-to-face counselling)
No formal evaluation of effectiveness, in general or with specific groups
Mid-Morning Break And Poster Sessions: Comorbidity Among Pathological Gamblers Seeking Treatment, Daniela Gonzalez-Sicilia, Louise Nadeau
Mid-Morning Break And Poster Sessions: Comorbidity Among Pathological Gamblers Seeking Treatment, Daniela Gonzalez-Sicilia, Louise Nadeau
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Context of the study
Pathological gambling prevalence in the general population: United States 0.42% (Petry et al., 2005), Canada 0.5% (Rush et al., 2008), Quebec 0.7% (Kairouz et al., 2011)
Epidemiological surveys (i.e. NESARC) indicate that pathological gambling is usually accompanied by other comorbid disorders, such as: Alcohol and drug abuse (prevalence of 25 and 27%, respectively), alcohol and drug dependence (48 and 11%), mood disorders (50%), anxiety disorders (41%), personality disorders (61%). (Petry et al., 2005)
The comorbidity found in clinical samples is usually higher than that in the general population because it is more likely for a person …
Mid-Morning Break And Poster Sessions: Survey Of Internet User’S Intentions About Gambling On A Legal Online Site, Emilie Vezina, Serge Sevigny, Christian Jacques, Isabelle Beaudoin, Isabelle Giroux
Mid-Morning Break And Poster Sessions: Survey Of Internet User’S Intentions About Gambling On A Legal Online Site, Emilie Vezina, Serge Sevigny, Christian Jacques, Isabelle Beaudoin, Isabelle Giroux
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
While many governments are considering the option of legalizing online gambling, mental health professionals and public health advocates worry that it will increase the number of problem gamblers. Results of the survey show that 3% of the sample, composed of 1009 Internet users, intended to gamble real money on the new online legal site, 6% would gamble without money, and 5% would visit the new site without gambling. Nearly 45% of those who intended to visit the legal gambling site were Internet non-gamblers in the last year. Half of online gamblers intended to gamble on the new legal site. Also, …
Mid-Morning Break And Poster Sessions: Family Gambling And Its Connection To Intergenerational Family Relationship Building, Melissa M. Sleightholm, Joan E. Norris, Joseph Tindale
Mid-Morning Break And Poster Sessions: Family Gambling And Its Connection To Intergenerational Family Relationship Building, Melissa M. Sleightholm, Joan E. Norris, Joseph Tindale
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Introduction
Most research has viewed gambling as an individual activity and very little research has been devoted to the impacts of family gambling.
Bengtson and Roberts (1991) viewed intergenerational family solidarity as a comprehensive construct consisting of six components of solidarity. Affectual, Associational, and Functional solidarities, can be adapted to a gambling context.
The three family solidarity dimensions of affection, association, and function are the core components to family solidarity (Hogerbrugge & Komter, 2012).