Psychology Commons^™

An Overview Of The Near-Death Experience Phenomenon, David San Filippo Ph.D.

David San Filippo Ph.D.

Near-death experiences appear to be universal phenomena that have been reported for centuries. A near-death encounter is defined as an event in which the individual could very easily die or be killed, or may have already been considered clinically dead, but nonetheless survives, and continue his or her physical life. Reports of near-death experiences date back to the Ice Age. There are cave paintings, in France and Spain that depict possible after life scenes that are similar to reported scenes related to near-death experiences. Plato's Republic presents the story of a near-death experience of a Greek soldier named Er. In …

Black Male Incarceration: The Role Of Childhood Oppositional Defiant Disorder And Conduct Disroder In Trajectories To Adulthood Psychopathy, Giraud Howard Hope

Giraud Howard Hope

This study attempts to examine the role of adolescent disruptive behavioral disorders in trajectories to adult psychopathy, and a treatment paradigm to evoke change in those at risk. Current research studies suggest that calloused-unemotionality (CU) in adolescence and lower socioeconomic status (SES) are characteristics associated with antisocial personality disorder (APD) in adulthood, and thus the determining factor in such trajectories. Critical review of literature revealed individuals with APD are the same as those with psychopathy, and that such individuals are at risk of emotional detachment, imprisonment, homicide, and suicide. However, it is unclear whether the disproportionate number of Black male …

Enquiry On The Anima, Alan A. Mackenzie

Alan A MacKENZIE

At midlife one tends to see life differently; in that, the meaning and purpose of the first half of life begins to fail us… and our whole agenda changes. Reaching midlife for many of my clients brings with it feelings of fracturing, alienation and lustiness. This paper is a reflective examination of how midlife changes bring out what Jung emphasized about the anima's role: as that factor in the male psyche responsible for the process of projection, not just for projections of and onto women- but all projection.

Towards A Bibliography Of Critical Whiteness Studies, Tim Engles

Tim Engles

As the title implies, this book offers a multi-disciplinary overview of the explosion of work in scholarly critical whiteness studies. The contributing bibliographers acknowledge that this work follows and builds upon a great deal of whiteness critique previously provided by African American writers, and by those writing from other racialized positions. Each section provides a solid introduction to key concepts and practices regarding whiteness in a particular field, including: philosophy, history, literature, cinema, the visual arts, psychology, education, media studies, qualitative inquiry, personal narratives, and international and comparative approaches.

Grundlagen Der Kognition Und Perzeption Für Die Software-Ergonomie, Philipp Schaer, Holger Heuser

Philipp Schaer

Der folgende Arbeitsbericht soll eine kurze Zusammenfassung über die perzeptorischen und kognitiven Fähigkeiten des Menschen geben. Diese Zusammenfassung ist weit davon entfernt, umfassend zu sein. Jedoch bietet sie die Möglichkeit für Informatiker und Computervisualisten, einen kurzen Einblick in kognitionspsychologische Modelle zu gewinnen.

Retrieval-Induced Facilitation: Initially Nontested Material Can Benefit From Prior Testing Of Related Materia, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott, Henry L. Roediger Iii

Jason C.K. Chan

Classroom exams can assess students' knowledge of only a subset of the material taught in a course. What are the implications of this approach for long-term retention? Three experiments (N = 210) examined how taking an initial test affects later memory for prose materials not initially tested. Experiment 1 shows that testing enhanced recall 24 hr later for the initially nontested material. This facilitation was not seen for participants given additional study opportunities without initial testing. Experiment 2 extends this facilitative effect to a within-subjects design. Experiment 3 demonstrates that this facilitation can be modulated by conscious strategies. These results …

Popularity, Social Acceptance, And Aggression In Adolescent Peer Groups: Links With Academic Performance And School Attendance, David Schwartz, Andrea Hopmeyer Gorman, Jonathan Nakamoto, Tara Mckay

Andrea Hopmeyer Gorman

This article reports a short-term longitudinal study focusing on popularity and social acceptance as predictors of academic engagement for a sample of 342 adolescents (approximate average age of 14). These youths were followed for 4 consecutive semesters. Popularity, social acceptance, and aggression were assessed with a peer nomination inventory, and data on academic engagement were obtained from school records. For adolescents who were highly aggressive, increases in popularity were associated with increases in unexplained absences and decreases in grade point average. Conversely, changes in social acceptance were not predictive of changes in grade point average or unexplained absences. These results …

A Biobehavioral Research Program In Chronic Kidney Disease, Alan Christensen

Alan J. Christensen

No abstract provided.

Sexual Exchanges And Relationship Satisfaction, Tiffani Kisler, F. Christopher

Tiffani S. Kisler

No abstract provided.

The Re-Emergence Of Traditional Architecture In Greece: Kefalonia And Ithaka, Nicholas Patricios

Nicholas Patricios

The interest in antiquities in Greece began after the conclusion of the revolution that led to independence of the country in 1832. A brief history of the legislation to protect the country’s architectural heritage is traced up to the historic landmark law of 2002 that defined the concept of cultural heritage and the re-organization of government departments to achieve the law’s objectives. Beginning in the 1920s and parallel with the protection of antiquities a movement to preserve Greek vernacular architecture was undertaken that was recognized in the landmark law of 1978. The application of the laws of protection and preservation …

White Paper: Developing A Comprehensive Sexual Assault Policy: Suggestions For Colleges And Universities Dr. John D. Foubert, Llc, John D. Foubert

John D. Foubert

The following recommendations are offered as a starting point for a discussion at your college or university as you examine your sexual assault policy and procedures. Each recommendation is detailed separately in this report along with suggested policy wording and where appropriate, a rationale for its inclusion. The present list is provided to offer the reader a general overview of the content of this discussion draft.

Path Of The Bridger: Ahp's Role In Co-Creating A "New Reality" For Human Togetherness And The Evolution Of Consciousness, Carroy U. Ferguson

Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.

As the newly elected President of AHP, I feel very honored to become part of an ongoing, transformational, creative, and inspiring history. As I mentioned in my recent introductory letter to you all after being voted AHP’s new President this summer, since its founding the Association for Humanistic Psychology (AHP) has been engaged in an historic, “transformational undertaking”—to actualize “a bold new affirmative approach in psychology and life” and “to explore the edges of what is known, looking for new and workable methods to facilitate our evolution as individuals and as a society.” Humanistic Psychology and AHP represented a shift …

The Best Puffery Article Ever, David A. Hoffman

David A Hoffman

This Article provides the first extensive legal treatment of an important defense in the law of fraud and contracts: puffery. Legal authorities commonly say they make decisions about whether defendants should be able to utter exaggerated, optimistic, lies based on assumptions about buyer behavior, concluding that consumers do not rely on such speech. However, as the Article shows, such analyses are proxies for a deeper analytical question: does the speech encourage or discourage a type of consumption activity that the court deems welfare maximizing? The Article presents a novel constitutional analysis of puffery doctrine that focuses on the meaning of …

Age-Related Functional Recruitment During The Recognition Of Famous Names: An Event-Related Fmri Study, Kristy Nielson, K Douville, M Seidenberg, J Woodard, S Miller, P Antuono, M Franczak, S Rao

Kristy Nielson

Recent neuroimaging research shows that older adults exhibit recruitment, or increased activation on various cognitive tasks. The current study evaluated whether a similar pattern also occurs in semantic memory by evaluating age-related differences during recognition of Recent (since the 1990s) and Enduring (1950s to present) famous names. Fifteen healthy older and 15 healthy younger adults performed the name recognition task with a high and comparable degree of accuracy, although older adults had slower reaction time in response to Recent famous names. Event-related functional MRI showed extensive networks of activation in the two groups including posterior cingulate, right hippocampus, temporal lobe …

Visual Adaptation To Masculine And Feminine Faces Influences Generalized Preferences And Perceptions Of Trustworthiness, Gavin Buckingham, Lisa Debruine, Anthony Little, Lisa Welling, Claire Conway, Bernard Tiddeman, Benedict Jones

Gavin Buckingham

Although previous studies of individual differences in preferences for masculinity in male faces have typically emphasized the importance of factors such as changes in levels of sex hormones during the menstrual cycle, other research has demonstrated that recent visual experience with faces also influences preferences for sexual dimorphism in faces. Adaptation to either masculine or feminine faces increases preferences for novel faces that are similar to those that were recently seen. Here, we replicate this effect and demonstrate that adaptation to masculine or feminine faces also influences the extent to which masculine faces are perceived as trustworthy. These adaptation effects …

Self-Management: A Proactive Strategy For Students With Asperger Syndrome, Lee Wilkinson

Lee A Wilkinson, PhD

No abstract provided.

Beliefs About Essences And The Reality Of Mental Disorders, Woo-Kyoung Ahn, Elizabeth H. Flanagan, Jessecae K. Marsh, Charles A. Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Do people believe mental disorders are real and possess underlying essences? The current study found that both novices and practicing clinicians held weaker essentialist beliefs about mental disorders than about medical disorders. They were also unwilling to endorse the idea that mental disorders are real and natural. Furthermore, compared with novices, mental health clinicians were less likely to endorse the view that there is a shared cause underlying a mental disorder and that one needs to remove the cause to get rid of the mental disorder. Clinicians were polarized on their views about whether mental disorders are categorical or dimensional. …

Age And Physical Activity Influences On Action Monitoring During Task Switching, Jason R. Themanson, Charles H. Hillman, John J. Curtin

Jason R. Themanson, Ph.D

Behavioral and neuroelectric indices of action monitoring were compared for 53 high and low physically active older (60–71 years) and younger (18–21 years) adults during a task-switching paradigm in which they performed a task repeatedly or switched between two different tasks. The error-related negativity (ERN) of a response-locked event-related brain potential (ERP) and behavioral measures of response speed and accuracy were measured during the heterogeneous condition (switching randomly between two tasks) of the switch task. Results indicated that older adults exhibited a greater relative slowing in RT during heterogeneous blocks and smaller ERN amplitude compared to younger adults. Additionally, physical …

Relations Of Caregiving Stress And Health Depend On The Health Indicators Used And Gender, Hsin-Hua C. Lin

H. Cynthia Lin

No abstract provided.

Supporting Young People To Seek Professional Help For Mental Health Problems: Cover Feature., Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

No abstract provided.

Mental Rubbernecking To Negative Information Depends On Task Context, Marcia K. Johnson, Karen J. Mitchell, Carol L. Raye, Joseph T. Mcguire, Charles A. Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

We previously demonstrated mental rubbernecking during the simple cognitive act of refreshing a just activated representation. Participants saw two neutral and one negative word presented simultaneously and, 425 msec later, were cued to mentally refresh (i.e., think of) one of the no-longer-present words. They were slower to refresh a neutral word than the negative word (Johnson et al., 2005, Experiment 6A). The present experiments extended that work by showing mental rubbernecking when negative items were sometimes the target of refreshing, but not when negative items were present but never the target of refreshing, indicating that expectations influence mental rubbernecking. How …

Set Operators For Superordinate Category Machine Learning, Josita Maouene, Mounir Maouene, Linda Smith

Josita C Maouene

No abstract provided.

Children's Development Of Analogical Reasoning: Insights From Scene Analogy Problems, Robert Morrison

Robert Morrison

Body Parts And The First 100 Verbs, Josita Maouene, Shohei Hidaka, Linda Smith

Josita C Maouene

No abstract provided.

Descriptive And Longitudinal Observations On The Relationship Of Borderline Personality Disorder And Bipolar Disorder, John G. Gunderson, Igor Weinberg, Maria T. Daversa, Karsten D. Kueppenbender, Mary C. Zanarini, M. Tracie Shea, Andrew E. Skodol, Charles A. Sanislow, Shirley Yen, Leslie C. Morey, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Robert L. Stout, Ingrid R. Dyck

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test whether borderline personality disorder is a variant of bipolar disorder by examining the rates of co-occurrence in both disorders, the effects of co-occurrence on a longitudinal course, and whether the presence of either disorder confers the risk for new onsets of the other.

METHOD: A prospective repeated-measures design with reliable independent diagnostic measures and 4 years of follow-up was used to assess 196 patients with borderline personality disorder and 433 patients with other personality disorders.

RESULTS: Patients with borderline personality disorder had a significantly higher co-occurrence of bipolar disorder (19.4%) than …

Interview Method Development For Qualitative Study Of Esl Motivation, Tae-Young Kim Dr.

Dr. Tae-Young Kim (김태영, 金兌英)

No abstract provided.

Angels As Spiritual Guides, David San Filippo Ph.D.

David San Filippo Ph.D.

The existence of angels has been discussed for centuries in legendary, philosophical, and religious writings. Many people have reported encounters with angels at different times in their life. Near-death research has recorded angelic encounters, during near-death experiences, by describing encounters with beings of light or angelic forms recognizable to the experiencer. This essay will discuss some legendary, theological, and philosophical beliefs that support the belief in the reality of angels as messengers, guides, and guardians to human beings and their function as spiritual guides during near-death experiences.

Inflation Monitor, Muhammad Arby, Fida Hussain, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

Extract:
Although inflationary pressures persisted in the economy for the second year in a row, the headline inflation fell to 7.6 percent year-on-year in June 2006 that was 1 percentage point less than inflation in corresponding month last year.1 The inflation containment was more visible in the last six months of FY06 as compared to first six months (Jul 05 to Dec 05): the average CPI inflation during the first half of the year was 8.4 percent which declined to 7.4 percent in the second half primarily due to fall in food inflation. Inflation measured by sensitive price indicator also …

Pursuing Goals For Us: Relationally Autonomous Reasons In Long-Term Goal Pursuit, Jonathan Gore, Susan Cross

Jonathan Gore

People pursue goals for a variety of reasons, including reasons that take into account close relationships (termed relationally autonomous reasons, or RARs). Two longitudinal studies examined the degree to which relational self-construal, RARs, and personally autonomous reasons (PARs) predicted goal attainment. In Study 1, 166 participants rated 7 goals on several goal outcomes at 2 sessions. Results revealed that self-construal was positively associated with RARs and that RARs predicted goal attainment, controlling for PARs. Study 2 (N = 177) added a 3rd follow-up to the Study 1 design, and results showed perceived progress toward one's goals predicted enhanced RARs but …

Patient Adherence To Medical Regimens: Levels Of Understanding And Intervention, Alan Christensen

Alan J. Christensen

No abstract provided.