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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Responding To Sexual Discrimination: The Effects Of Societal Versus Self-Blame, Mindi D. Foster, Kimberley Matheson, Megan Poole
Responding To Sexual Discrimination: The Effects Of Societal Versus Self-Blame, Mindi D. Foster, Kimberley Matheson, Megan Poole
Psychology Faculty Publications
While self-blame has been considered to be a useful coping tool for victims, its benefits within the context of group discrimination are equivocal. The present research hypothesized that women encouraged to engage in self-blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to endorse accepting their situation or endorse the use of individual, normative actions. In contrast, women encouraged to engage in societal blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to participate in non-normative actions aimed at enhancing the status of the group as a whole. Female students in Canada were subjected to a situation of discrimination and were encouraged …
An Ounce Of Prevention: The Life Stories And Perceptions Of Men Who Sexually Offended Against Children, Christiane Sadeler
An Ounce Of Prevention: The Life Stories And Perceptions Of Men Who Sexually Offended Against Children, Christiane Sadeler
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The purpose of this study is to modify primary prevention models in child sexual abuse by incorporating the perceptions of men who sexually offended against children. In open-ended, conversational style interviews I asked 10 men, who are/were involved in self-help community based treatment groups at Community Justice Initiatives (CJI), Waterloo Region, to convey their understanding of how sexual abuse could have been prevented in their own lives, and can be prevented in our communities. The participants shared their views about prevention based on their experiences, and their interpretations of these experiences. I based the research results on the stories I …
A Stakeholder Approach To Sexual Assault Prevention Programming In The Halton Board Of Education, Judith Ann Gould
A Stakeholder Approach To Sexual Assault Prevention Programming In The Halton Board Of Education, Judith Ann Gould
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
There are few examples of sexual assault education interventions within the high schools. Research about programmes delivered at universities indicates that the programmes do not change the rape-supportive beliefs of participants (Lenihan, Rawlins, Eberly, Buckley, & Masters, 1992). A criticism of these programmes is that students do not participate in their own learning. A curriculum-writing team at the I-Ialton Board or Education developed two lessons on sexual assault as part of the grade nine “Healthy Sexuality" curriculum. The sexual assault lessons were then piloted with three grade nine classes. After delivery, six to eight students from each class participated in …
Morphine-Induced Modification Of Quinine Palatability: Effects Of Multiple Morphine-Quinine Trials, Sharon Nicola D.A. Clarke
Morphine-Induced Modification Of Quinine Palatability: Effects Of Multiple Morphine-Quinine Trials, Sharon Nicola D.A. Clarke
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Contemporary research investigating the effects of opiate receptor agonists and antagonists indicates a role for endorphinergic mechanisms in the control of consummatory behaviours. One way in which opiates may exert an effect on feeding is by altering the hedonic properties or palatability of food and drink. Investigations of the role of palatability in the effect of opiates on feeding and drinking have primarily considered the effect of single exposures to opiates. Recognizing that chronic exposure to opiates may result in the development of tolerance to their palatability-altering properties, the taste reactivity test, a direct measure of the hedonic properties of …
Bridging The Gap: Mobilizing Race And Ethnocultural Equity Policy Within Secondary Schools, Melanie Wilson
Bridging The Gap: Mobilizing Race And Ethnocultural Equity Policy Within Secondary Schools, Melanie Wilson
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The purpose of this study was threefold. (i) to elucidate student perspectives on multicultural anti racist education, (ii) to compare these perspectives with those held by people responsible for implementing such initiatives, namely teachers and school board personnel assigned to race and ethnocultural equity issues and (iii) to generate recommendations for the effective implementation of race and ethnocultural equity policies in schools based on the synthesis of these perspectives. I conducted this study in one secondary school community in order to identify important links between board level race and ethnocultural policy initiatives and potential implementation strategies for secondary schools. A …
The Role Of Adult Romantic Attachment In Marital Communication, Kimberly Jill Ewing
The Role Of Adult Romantic Attachment In Marital Communication, Kimberly Jill Ewing
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Most married couples experience conflict and disagreement in their relationships. However, some couples deal with this conflict more effectively than do others. Although something is known about patterns of marital interaction, little is known about what predisposes couples to engage in harmonious or conflictual interactions. It seems that factors such as personal predispositions should play a role in couple communication. The present study investigated the association between romantic attachment styles and specific aspects of couple communication. Thirty-nine couples experiencing the transition to parenthood participated in a discussion of a real-life conflict of their own choosing; The discussion was videotaped and …
Planting The Seeds Of Hope: Research And Action On Body Image Of University Students, Michelle Poechman Fisher
Planting The Seeds Of Hope: Research And Action On Body Image Of University Students, Michelle Poechman Fisher
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
A number of researchers have expressed concern regarding the growing prevalence of body dissatisfaction, especially among North American women. Such body dissatisfaction is often linked to dieting, weight concerns, excessive exercise, poor nutrition, and eating disorders. In order to expand our awareness and understanding of university students’ needs with regards to issues concerning body image, a needs assessment was conducted in two universities located in southwestem Ontario. In focus groups and individual interviews, students were asked directly about the issues they find most troublesome, their experiences in the recovery process, and their needs for supportive and preventive interventions. In order …
The Use Of Dance In The Promotion Of Mental Health In Girls: An Exploratory Study, Irene E. Rossberg-Gempton
The Use Of Dance In The Promotion Of Mental Health In Girls: An Exploratory Study, Irene E. Rossberg-Gempton
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study had two purposes: (1) to understand how girls experience dance and (2) to examine the idea of using dance as a venue to promote psychological well—being and artistic growth in young children. Fifteen girls between the ages of 3 1/2 and 10 years old participated in a dance program offering dance warm ups, dance techniques, sequential dance steps, pantomime explorations, and creative dance. Methods of data collection included journal notes, video—taped observations, parental interviews, and children's self—reports, drawings, and interviews. The formative evaluation of this dance program indicated that the participants of this small rural community had happy …
Framework For Support: Desired Relationships Between Self-Help-Groups And Professionals, Vicente Constantino
Framework For Support: Desired Relationships Between Self-Help-Groups And Professionals, Vicente Constantino
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In this study I sought to find out how self-help groups and professionals perceive and relate to one another. The stakeholders involved in this study were self-help group members (psychiatric consumers/survivors and families and friends of consumers/survivors) and community-based and hospital-based professionals. The research questions were as follows: 1. What are the experiences and views of consumers/survivors and family self- help group members with regard to community-based and hospital-based professionals? 2. What are the experiences and views of community-based and hospital-based professionals with regard to consumers/survivors and family self-help groups? 3. What kind of relationship with professionals do self-helpers want? …
Changing Authoritarians' Attitudes: The Role Of Authority Legitimacy, Bruce Allen Parker
Changing Authoritarians' Attitudes: The Role Of Authority Legitimacy, Bruce Allen Parker
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study investigated the tendency of right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) to yield to established and legitimate authorities. University students enrolled in an Introductory Psychology course read two persuasive passages. One passage concerned whether homosexuals should be allowed to become schoolteachers, while the other discussed whether an aggressive proselytizing religious group should be allowed to recruit students on university campuses. Some of the participants were informed that the passage was written by a highly established and legitimate authority; others were told the passage came from a less established and legitimate authority. In addition, the passages were manipulated so that half supported and …
The College Attributional Complexity Scale: Development, Validation, And Relationship To University Adjustment, Michael David Smith
The College Attributional Complexity Scale: Development, Validation, And Relationship To University Adjustment, Michael David Smith
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This thesis had three purposes: the first was to develop a self-report scale that measures the attributional complexity of university students; the second was to examine the relationship between attributional complexity and university adjustment; and the third was to examine the relationship between attributional complexity and coping styles. In study 1, 217 students completed the newly developed 20-item College Attributional Complexity Scale (CACS), and several self-report measures used to assess its validity. Results showed that the scale had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Also, a principal components analysis revealed that the scale had one main factor. Results concerning the …