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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo In Latino Youth, Katie Binns Fabius
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo In Latino Youth, Katie Binns Fabius
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is observed in some children and may include daydreaming, inconsistent alertness, mental fogginess, confusion, absentmindedness, behaving or thinking slowly, appearing tired even after a full night of sleep, and lacking energy. The symptoms are said to be multidimensional with two domains: cognitive and behavioral. SCT is often associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). High SCT (HSCT) has been shown to impact academic and social functioning and be associated with elevated anxiety and depression symptoms in children. The majority of extant literature focuses primarily on Caucasian children. The primary objective was to examine the prevalence of …
Attitudes And Knowledge Of Healthcare Providers Regarding Patients With Intellectual Disability And The Impact On Analogue Clinical Decision-Making, Alexandra Freed Santoro
Attitudes And Knowledge Of Healthcare Providers Regarding Patients With Intellectual Disability And The Impact On Analogue Clinical Decision-Making, Alexandra Freed Santoro
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Throughout their careers, physicians, particularly those in primary care settings, can expect to treat patients with intellectual disability (ID) across the lifespan. Nevertheless, little attention is given to preparing medical students to effectively treat patients with ID through education and clinical training opportunities. The purpose of this study was to examine how knowledge and attitudes toward patients with ID may impact analogue clinical decision-making at different stages of physician education and career. Included in the review of the current literature is research relating to physician attitudes, education, and clinical decision-making; the biological, psychological, and social considerations in treating patients with …
Adolescence And Cardiac Channelopathies: Predicting Engagement In High-Risk Behavior, Lauren Lucente
Adolescence And Cardiac Channelopathies: Predicting Engagement In High-Risk Behavior, Lauren Lucente
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to explore the type and frequency of engagement in low to high-risk behaviors in adolescents with cardiac channelopathies. Additionally, predictive factors of engagement in developmentally typical behaviors were explored. Individuals ages 13-22 (female = 84.6%; average age = 19.53) with cardiac channelopathies (n = 10) and without any chronic health conditions (n = 4) completed a series of questionnaires examining self-reported quality of life, illness perceptions, problem solving, and risk-taking behaviors. Findings demonstrated that adolescents with cardiac conditions believe that their conditions are controllable, and they experience a moderate amount of medically-related symptoms. …
The Relationship Between Self-Concept And Body Image In Females With Deleterious Brca1/2 Mutations, Amanda M. Large
The Relationship Between Self-Concept And Body Image In Females With Deleterious Brca1/2 Mutations, Amanda M. Large
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Among women in the United States, breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and is the second-leading cause of death (American Cancer Society, 2015b). A subgroup of women with genetic mutations called BRCA1/2 mutations are at a significantly higher lifetime risk of developing breast cancer, among other cancers (Friedman, Sutphen, & Steglio, 2012). While the research base is growing with regard to women with BRCA1/2 mutations, little is known about the psychological experience of having a BRCA1/2 mutation and the challenges and obstacles that having a BRCA1/2 mutation entails throughout the lifetime. This study looked at women with …
Trauma Training In Educational Settings: Developing A Universal Approach Training Manual, Kerri A. Flatau
Trauma Training In Educational Settings: Developing A Universal Approach Training Manual, Kerri A. Flatau
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Children who have experienced trauma(s) may display a wide variety of symptoms, including withdrawal, behavioral challenges, difficulty with focus, learning disabilities, and social/emotional delays (Cole et al., 2005). Each of these challenges can present a barrier to learning. Therefore, in order to provide the highest quality support in the school setting, teachers and other school staff need to be educated and trained on the topic of trauma. Further, they need strategies and tools regarding how to best work with all of their students, including those who have, or may have, experienced trauma. The current study examined the available research, as …
Student And Teacher Perceptions Of The Relationship Between Self-Regulation Executive Functions And Playing Team Sports, Rebecca T. Edelsberg
Student And Teacher Perceptions Of The Relationship Between Self-Regulation Executive Functions And Playing Team Sports, Rebecca T. Edelsberg
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Executive functions (EF) are the directive capacities of the human brain that are responsible for a person’s ability to engage in purposeful, organized, goal-directed behavior and to cue and direct perceptions, feelings, thoughts and actions in specific ways. There has been a growing body of research indicating that sports such as soccer, basketball, and baseball require the effective use of self-regulation executive functions that cue and direct attention, inhibition, shifting, flexibility and working memory. The objective of the study was to investigate student athletes’ perceptions of the relationship between playing sports and their effective use of executive functions and teacher …
Examining How Cardiologists Address Alcohol And Substance Use In Their Adolescent And Young Adult Patients Diagnosed With Cardiac Rhythm Disorders, Nicole Stewart
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
An arrhythmia, or cardiac rhythm disorder, is characterized by a change in the normal pattern of electrical impulses that occur in the heart. Cardiac arrhythmias can be life-threatening. Adolescents and young adults who have arrhythmias experience challenges of youth coupled with the medical challenges associated with their diagnoses. Cardiologists who treat these patients are faced with an ongoing need for decision-making surrounding addressing alcohol and substance use, which can be prevalent in adolescent and young adult populations. This qualitative study explored what guides physicians’ decision-making, as well as physicians’ beliefs and practices regarding how they address alcohol and substance use …
An Analysis Of Youtube Content On African American Parenting In The Face Of Community Violence, La-Rhonda Harmon
An Analysis Of Youtube Content On African American Parenting In The Face Of Community Violence, La-Rhonda Harmon
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This qualitative study analyzed YouTube video content on the discussion about African American parenting in the face of community violence. The study investigated if conversations about African American parenting changed after the killing of Trayvon Martin, which occurred on February 26, 2012. Ten videos recorded before Trayvon Martin’s death and 20 after were selected and analyzed. Transcripts were coded for emerging themes using grounded-theory research design. Several themes emerged in the videos recorded before and after Martin’s death. Themes related to African American beliefs about parenting and acculturation emerged from the videos recorded before Martin’s death. Themes related to African …
The Effect Of Age At Diagnosis On Neuropsychological Functioning For Survivors Of Pediatric Brain Tumors Treated With Proton Radiation Therapy, Christina Zebrowski
The Effect Of Age At Diagnosis On Neuropsychological Functioning For Survivors Of Pediatric Brain Tumors Treated With Proton Radiation Therapy, Christina Zebrowski
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Compared to photon radiation, proton radiation spares healthy tissue by better targeting the tumor, reducing entrance dose, and eliminating exit dose (Semenova, 2009). Research thus far has largely focused on intelligence and adaptive profiles for individuals treated with proton radiation therapy (PRT; Patel, Mullins, O-Neil, & Wilson, 2011). Additionally, the effect of age varies in regard to age being protective or not (Levisohn, Cronin-Golomb, & Schmahmann, 2000; De Ruiter, Van Mourik, Schouten-Van Meeteren, Grootenhus, & Oosterlann, 2013; Wolfe, Madan-Swain, & Kana, 2012). This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effect of age on diagnosis on neuropsychological functioning for individuals with …
The Relationship Between Stress, Social Problem Solving, And Psychological Distress In Mothers Of Daughters With Eating Disorders, Sarah M. Hittinger
The Relationship Between Stress, Social Problem Solving, And Psychological Distress In Mothers Of Daughters With Eating Disorders, Sarah M. Hittinger
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Mothers of daughters with eating disorders are at risk for experiencing high levels of psychological distress, which can have negative implications for mothers themselves and the children under their care. Coping strategies that effectively manage the stress of the caregiving role have been found to reduce psychological distress, but the literature does not clearly define the type of coping that is best indicated for this population of caregivers. Coping via social problem solving has been found to predict less psychological distress and moderate the stressdistress relationship in many caregiver populations. The relationship between stress, coping via social problem solving, and …
Executive Functions Profiles Of Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michael Ramsteck
Executive Functions Profiles Of Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michael Ramsteck
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The current study examined teacher ratings of the executive capacities of groups of ADHD-diagnosed and ASD-diagnosed students; first by comparing teacher ratings of each clinical group to the teacher ratings of a group of matched nonclinical peers, then by comparing the teacher ratings of the two clinical groups. The data for both clinical groups and their respective matched control groups were part of the data collected during the standardization of the McCloskey Executive Function Scale – Teacher Report Form (MEFS-TR). It was hypothesized that when compared to their matched control groups, teacher ratings of the ADHD-diagnosed group would reflect a …
The Relationship Between Executive Functioning And Treatment Outcomes Among Juvenile Sex Offenders, Sarah Decker
The Relationship Between Executive Functioning And Treatment Outcomes Among Juvenile Sex Offenders, Sarah Decker
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
In 2006, youth 17 years of age and younger accounted for almost 20% of arrests for sexual offenses (Becker, 2007). Critical challenges exist to improve treatment for juvenile sex offenders, including identifying additional risk factors and developing treatment that is specifically tailored to the individual. Research has indicated the majority of juvenile sex offenders have difficulties in their executive-functioning abilities (Blanchard, Cantor, Robichaud, & Christensen, 2005). These deficits may contribute to higher risk potential and recidivism among juvenile sex offenders. Whether low levels of executive functioning influence risk of sexual or criminal offending/re-offending is unknown. The present study sought to …
Instructing Students With Pediatric And Mental Health Conditions: Predictors Of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Rachel Allen
Instructing Students With Pediatric And Mental Health Conditions: Predictors Of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Rachel Allen
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Teachers face unique challenges when teaching children who have individualized education plans (IEPs) and/or 504 plans, including managing problematic behaviors and knowing about the symptoms and accommodations necessary when children present with health conditions. The factors that predict teachers’ self-efficacy when working with these children have not been established. This was a quantitative retrospective design utilizing a survey of teachers’ past experiences teaching children with IEP’s and/or 504 plans. K-8 elementary school teachers were surveyed using the Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale for Children with IEP/504 Plans (2017), which was developed by the authors and was adapted from a previous measure, the …
Perception Of Retained Kindergarten And First Grade Students: A Qualitative Study, Tina Mollett
Perception Of Retained Kindergarten And First Grade Students: A Qualitative Study, Tina Mollett
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This qualitative study focuses on the experiences of 11 school-aged children who were retained during either their Kindergarten or 1st grade years. By using a semi-structured interview, the author examined these children’s beliefs about the reasons why they were retained through exploration of their memories, feelings, and outcomes associated with the experiences. Children were also encouraged to reflect on aspects of the experiences they wished had gone differently and to offer advice to other children who may be preparing for retention experiences. The results indicated that there is evidence of some resiliency; however, children generally experienced a wide variety of …
All These Deadlines And I Don’T Know Where My Papers Are: A Direct Measure Of Organizational Skills Training Of 3rd, 4th And 5th Grade General Education Students, Deanna Jo Rumohr
All These Deadlines And I Don’T Know Where My Papers Are: A Direct Measure Of Organizational Skills Training Of 3rd, 4th And 5th Grade General Education Students, Deanna Jo Rumohr
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Although numerous studies have analyzed organizational interventions with use with children with ADHD, minimal research has evaluated the impact of teaching universal organizational skills, class wide, to elementary aged students. This study investigated the impact of teaching universal organizational skills class wide to a cohort of Grade 3, 4, and 5 general education students. The sample consists of approximately 50 mixed gender students in Grade 3, 4, 5 from a small rural elementary school in British Columbia, Canada. The current study employed a concurrent, multiple baseline design. Results of the study found that organizational skills training increased the three organizational …
Refining The Assessment Of Adhd: The Relationship Between Self-Report And Observable Behavioral Symptoms, Bryan Gastelle
Refining The Assessment Of Adhd: The Relationship Between Self-Report And Observable Behavioral Symptoms, Bryan Gastelle
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Individuals with adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) present with deficits in attention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, or a combination of these symptoms. Functional impairment due to inattention, reduced motivation, poor impulse control, emotion dysregulation, and deficits in executive functioning are also frequently seen. Assessment of ADHD, using objective continuous performance tasks, has been introduced in conjunction with widely used self-report measures of ADHD symptom severity. The Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) is one such self-report measure of ADHD, consisting of 66 self-report items that measure symptoms of ADHD, including inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and poor self-concept. The Quotient ADHD System purports to provide objective …
What Type Of Training Predicts Adherence To Cbt-I Among Professionals Specializing In The Treatment Of Insomnia?, Mark D. Delguercio
What Type Of Training Predicts Adherence To Cbt-I Among Professionals Specializing In The Treatment Of Insomnia?, Mark D. Delguercio
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study explored the relationship between certain educational and professional variables that influence the adherence to empirically supported practices in cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). The variables of interest included the practitioner’s level of training as measured by the number of hours of advanced training in CBT-I, the total number of hours practicing CBT-I out of the total annual clinical practice hours, and the total number of years practicing CBT-I. The final variable of interest was treatment preference and practice knowledge. The study used a one-time, cross-sectional, web-based survey. The participants consisted of 165 mental health and medical professionals of …
Gender Differences Among Professional Football Fans: Serious Leisure, Emotional Expressivity, And Cognitive Distortions, Megan E. Wolensky
Gender Differences Among Professional Football Fans: Serious Leisure, Emotional Expressivity, And Cognitive Distortions, Megan E. Wolensky
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Increasingly, people report that leisure activity gives their lives meaning and significantly contributes to the formation of their personal identities. In fact, many individuals rank leisure activities as essential as work, family, and religion. (Gillespie, Leffler, & Lerner, 2010; Stebbins, 1992). Recent research has demonstrated that leisure involvement provides psychological benefits that contribute to wellbeing for both men and women (Caltabiano, 1995; Kim, Heo, Lee, & Kim, 2015). National Football League (NFL) fandom in the U.S. has been identified as a leisure activity that supersedes traditional gender norms and provides opportunities for family and group involvement. Although fandom has been …
Examining Procedural Fidelity In School-Based Problem-Solving Teams Within Elementary Schools, Catalina Ottinger-Ovens
Examining Procedural Fidelity In School-Based Problem-Solving Teams Within Elementary Schools, Catalina Ottinger-Ovens
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The current study examined the procedural fidelity within problem solving teams in three elementary schools, utilizing a 19-item modified checklist (Burns et al., 2008) completed by team members and a trained observer concurrently at eight meetings at each of the schools. The purpose of the study was to determine if there was a relationship between the team members’ ratings and the observer’s ratings, and also to determine the level of procedural fidelity across the three schools. The items on the checklist were divided into three subscales for analysis, based on the problem solving model: problem identification, problem analysis, and problem …
An Evaluation Of Integrated Primary Care (Ipc), Ipc Plus Shared Medical Appointments, And Ipc Plus Individual Behavioral Health Care On Diabetes Management, Eric Franco
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
As the health care system continues to evolve, the challenges related to successfully treating chronic conditions persist. To address these challenges, supplemental treatments, such as the shared medical appointment (SMA) and behavioral health care (BHC), have been implemented to provide patients with additional levels of psychoeducation and support in addition to treatment by their physician. The total sample used in this study was 118. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated primary care (IPC), IPC plus SMA, and IPC plus BHC to determine if supplemental treatment combined with IPC produced greater improvement in patients with …
Effects Of Fixed And Malleable Views Of Intelligence And Attribution Of Controllability On Teacher Affects, Gary Beard
Effects Of Fixed And Malleable Views Of Intelligence And Attribution Of Controllability On Teacher Affects, Gary Beard
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The classroom is a dynamic social setting where teachers respond affectively to student failure. Divergent affective reactions toward learning and achievement occur in teachers with fixed and malleable views of intelligence, which impact students’ self-esteem and expectations for future success. The present study explored teacher and student variables related to emotive classroom expression toward test failures of boys. View of intelligence as fixed or malleable, attribution of controllability (effort & ability) and student condition were measured and examined in relation to the affects frustration, sympathy, positive or negative feedback and expectations for future failure. Attributions of controllability (effort & ability) …
The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences And Executive Functions In High School Aged Students, Julia Barta
The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences And Executive Functions In High School Aged Students, Julia Barta
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Childhood adversity and executive function deficits pose significant concerns for those who experience these issues directly, as well as the educators, parents, medical providers, and communities in which they live. Much research has outlined negative physiological effects on typical brain development and health, as well as negative behavioral, social, and emotional outcomes stemming from early life trauma. Similarly, individuals with executive function deficits are more likely to struggle with behavior, emotions, and cognition. Little is known about the self-reported relationship between early life trauma and executive function. This study was designed to learn more about the relationship between adverse childhood …
Identifying The Effect Of Preexisting Conditions On Low Neurocognitive Scores And Symptom Reporting Of School-Age Athletes In Baseline Testing For Concussion Management, Jessica Mae Corrigan
Identifying The Effect Of Preexisting Conditions On Low Neurocognitive Scores And Symptom Reporting Of School-Age Athletes In Baseline Testing For Concussion Management, Jessica Mae Corrigan
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors that are associated with low baseline concussion test scores by examining a range of modifiers such as previous concussion and pre-existing childhood disorders such as LD, ADHD, or mood disorder (depression/anxiety) in middle school age children. This study utilized a between-subjects research design. Participants included de-identified archival data of male and female student athletes, ages I 0-14 years old that participated in preseason testing at a small private concussion center located in suburban central New Jersey between 2006 and 2016. Data were obtained using retrospective computerized baseline neuropsychological testing and …
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy As A Supplemental Treatment For Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Peter John Arsenault
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy As A Supplemental Treatment For Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Peter John Arsenault
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study explores cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a supplemental treatment with a sample of adolescents with learning disabilities (LD). Research overwhelming reflects the theory that children and adolescents with LD are more likely to manifest anxious and depressive symptomology. CBT is an evidence based intervention for anxiety and depression. However, there is a gap in the knowledge of treating LD with CBT. The study hypothesizes the theory that maladaptive metacognitive interpretation of the LD diminishes the effects of the evidence based academic intervention. The study sought to explore whether or not adolescents with LD would experience enhanced academic and …
School Personnel’S Knowledge And Perception Of School Refusal Behavior, Joshua M. Foy
School Personnel’S Knowledge And Perception Of School Refusal Behavior, Joshua M. Foy
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study examined the knowledge of school personnel regarding risk and protective factors, the four-function model, assessment, and treatment of school refusal behavior. This study also explored the perceptions of school personnel regarding the understanding of school refusal behavior as an emotional condition versus its being delinquent behavior and the climate of understanding at their work setting. Two hundred, ninety-six mental health and non-mental professionals who currently work in school settings across the United States participated in this study by completing an online survey pertaining to this topic. Results indicate that mental health professionals demonstrated a higher level of knowledge …
Identifying Subtypes Of Schizophrenia Through Differential Neurocognitive And Symptomatic Profiles, Brielle A. Marino
Identifying Subtypes Of Schizophrenia Through Differential Neurocognitive And Symptomatic Profiles, Brielle A. Marino
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Schizophrenia has long been characterized solely by positive and negative symptoms of psychosis. It has also been typified by its widespread heterogeneity, which has impeded treatment outcomes. Previous attempts at reducing this heterogeneity via identifying symptom-based subtypes has been unhelpful and unreliable. More recently, cognitive deficits have been identified as prominent features of the disorder and are now included as necessary diagnostic criteria. The present study aimed to identify the unique relationships between cognitive deficits and psychotic symptoms and to establish subtypes based on these profiles. The findings suggest two distinct subtypes: (a) a deficit subtype wherein individuals display more …
An Analysis Of Teachers’ Judgements Of The Executive Capacities Of Students Classified As Emotionally Disturbed/Behaviorally Disordered And A Matched, Non-Clinical Student Group, Catherine Forster
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Research has shown that EF difficulties are evident in the symptomatology of numerous psychopathologies and mental health disorders, especially in children. Due to the pervasiveness of EF difficulties related to a majority of the emotional and mental disorders experienced by children, there is a clear need to identify, carefully, the specific nature of the EF difficulties demonstrated by a child so that appropriate interventions can be identified and implemented. Despite this need, currently available individuallyadministered tests and rating scales are not constructed on the basis of a comprehensive theory of executive capacities, and therefore focus only on one or a …
The Influence Of Quality Of Education On A Regression-Based Method Of Premorbid Estimated Intelligence, Elizabet Santana Marmon-Halm
The Influence Of Quality Of Education On A Regression-Based Method Of Premorbid Estimated Intelligence, Elizabet Santana Marmon-Halm
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The physical, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional sequelae of brain injury have been shown to exert a substantial negative impact on everyday work-related and social functioning. Accordingly, accurate measurement of any associated cognitive decline is of paramount importance, and clinicians often face the challenge of estimating the patient’s level of intellectual functioning prior to the brain pathology. This study examined the influence of environmental factors, such as education quality on a demographically based formula for estimating premorbid intelligence and focused primarily on an adjusted variable (reading level vs. years of education). The results showed that for the entire sample of the …
Using Dialectical Behavior Therapy To Improve School Performance Of High School Students, Kelly R. Wayne
Using Dialectical Behavior Therapy To Improve School Performance Of High School Students, Kelly R. Wayne
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study explored the effect of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on the school functioning of high school students with trauma histories. The lifelong impact of trauma exposure across multiple domains of functioning is well documented. However, there is a gap between research and practice in school environments. Teachers in this study were taught trauma-sensitive teaching practices and DBT strategies to improve their ability to understand student emotional dysregulation, reduce challenging classroom behaviors, and improve academic performance. Students were taught DBT strategies in mindfulness, emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal relations designed to reduce disciplinary referrals, increase use of positive coping …
School Staff Perceptions Of A Trauma Informed Program On Improving Knowledge, Competence, And School Climate, Elizabeth Mikolajczyk
School Staff Perceptions Of A Trauma Informed Program On Improving Knowledge, Competence, And School Climate, Elizabeth Mikolajczyk
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study sought to examine school staff perceptions of knowledge, competence, school climate and program effectiveness during and after participation in a trauma informed care professional development. The majority of the sample consisted of special areas (art, music, library) teachers and paraprofessionals from all district schools, which consisted of three elementary schools, one middle school and one high school in in a school district located in Southeast Pennsylvania approximately 20 miles from a major metropolitan city. Most of the participants were female. Participants completed a pretest survey and an identical survey following each phase. Questions on the survey pertained to …