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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Motivated Prediction Of Future Feelings: The Effects Of Mood And Mood Focus On Affective Forecasts, Vassili Spyropoulos
Motivated Prediction Of Future Feelings: The Effects Of Mood And Mood Focus On Affective Forecasts, Vassili Spyropoulos
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
People often predict they will experience more positive or more negative emotional reactions to upcoming pleasant and unpleasant events respectively, than they actually do. Although researchers have identified several cognitive processes underlying this bias in affective forecasting, the present research examined the role of motivational factors. We proposed that people sometimes generate relatively positive affective forecasts to fixture positive events (or less negative affective forecasts to future negative events) as a mood regulation strategy. That is, they may attempt to cope with threatening negative feelings by anticipating pleasant emotions in the future. More specific hypotheses were derived from recent research …
Dispositional Hardiness And Women’S Well-Being Relating To Gender Discrimination: The Role Of Minimization, Mindi D. Foster, Kenneth L. Dion
Dispositional Hardiness And Women’S Well-Being Relating To Gender Discrimination: The Role Of Minimization, Mindi D. Foster, Kenneth L. Dion
Psychology Faculty Publications
Three studies examined whether personality-based hardiness would be associated with mental health benefits in contexts of gender discrimination. Hardy women encountering both a laboratory simulation and a hypothetical scenario of discrimination showed greater self-esteem and less negative affect than low hardy women. However, these benefits were mediated by the use of specific attributions, suggesting that the well-being in hardy women may have been achieved through minimizing the pervasiveness of discrimination. Study three showed this mediation pattern occurred only for participants exposed to higher threat scenarios versus lower threat scenarios of discrimination. Thus, minimizing the pervasiveness of discrimination may have been …
Visualizing The Future: Can 'She' Predict Project Completion More Accurately Than 'I' Can?, Jenny Deslauriers
Visualizing The Future: Can 'She' Predict Project Completion More Accurately Than 'I' Can?, Jenny Deslauriers
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Although people often make overly optimistic predictions of when their own projects will be completed, neutral observers tend to be more realistic. Study 1 examined whether people would make more accurate predictions for their own projects by adopting the visual perspective of an observer. Participants identified a personal project that they hoped to complete in the next two weeks, and predicted when it would be finished. To vary visual perspective, participants were instructed either to visualize the project through their own eyes as if it was actually occurring (first person perspective), to picture themselves and their surroundings as an observer …
Effect Of Conditioned Taste Avoidance Learning On Elevated Plus Maze Performance As A Measure Of Potentiated Fear, Shadna Rama
Effect Of Conditioned Taste Avoidance Learning On Elevated Plus Maze Performance As A Measure Of Potentiated Fear, Shadna Rama
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The terms conditioned taste aversion and conditioned taste avoidance are often used interchangeably in the literature; however considerable evidence indicates that they may represent independent processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that conditioned taste aversion is mediated by conditioned sickness; however the mechanism(s) responsible for the establishment and expression of conditioned taste avoidance remains unknown. An early theory suggests that a taste that has been previously paired with a drug produces avoidance of that taste because it elicits some novel change in physiological state which signals danger to the rat. The emotional state produced may be one of conditioned fear. The …
Moving Forward While Remaining Rooted: A Case Study Of The Ebytown Food Co-Operative In Waterloo, Ontario (Perspectives And Findings From A Member Turned Researcher), Maria Hatzipantelis
Moving Forward While Remaining Rooted: A Case Study Of The Ebytown Food Co-Operative In Waterloo, Ontario (Perspectives And Findings From A Member Turned Researcher), Maria Hatzipantelis
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Retail food co-operatives provide a unique opportunity for community psychologists to work with democratically-controlled organisations that purport to offer each member control over the food she or he consumes on a daily basis. In this case study of the Ebytown Food Co-operative in Waterloo, Ontario, I document the activities of the co-op as it functions on a practical level, based both on my experiences as a researcher and an active member of the co-op. My thesis process was guided by the belief that research should be useful to the people with whom one works, and therefore, I followed a participatory …
'It's Not What We Do But How We Do It': Process Evaluation Of A National Youth Engagement Conference, Lisa D. Loiselle
'It's Not What We Do But How We Do It': Process Evaluation Of A National Youth Engagement Conference, Lisa D. Loiselle
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Anecdotal evidence suggests that conference such as Creating Change 2001, an annual youth conference sponsored by the Students Commission, are successful in engaging youth; however, until the Creating Change 2011 Kemptville conference on-site process evaluation, neither the program process nor its outcomes had ever been formally evaluated. This process evaluation was designed to examine the particular aspects of the conference that made it successful with the assumption that despite the changing topics of the annual event, there are critical processes of engaging youth, which are consistent throughout the conferences each year. It is these processes, and not the specific topics …
'Why Should We Learn About Crime?': Exploring The Perceptions And Fear Of Crime Among Recent Immigrants In Waterloo Region (Ontario), Jennifer Robena Bernier
'Why Should We Learn About Crime?': Exploring The Perceptions And Fear Of Crime Among Recent Immigrants In Waterloo Region (Ontario), Jennifer Robena Bernier
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The purpose of this research project was to achieve a greater understanding of the perceptions and fear of crime among recent immigrants in Waterloo Region, including how recent immigrants define crime, the types of activities that recent immigrants considered to be criminal in both Canada and their countries of origin, and how perceptions of crime are similar and different among the various countries that the participants represented. Furthermore, in this study I hoped to identify the types of crime(s) that recent immigrants in Waterloo Region fear and the factors that may be important in explaining fear of crime among recent …
The State Of Our Union: Appraisals Of Romantic Relationships, Stephen Allan Michael Gallant
The State Of Our Union: Appraisals Of Romantic Relationships, Stephen Allan Michael Gallant
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
How do romantic partners determine if they are happy in their current relationship? What standards do they use when appraising their romantic relationship? The present thesis examines people’s preferences among various comparison standards (social comparisons, temporal past comparisons, temporal future comparisons and previous relationship comparisons) for relationship appraisal, the direction in which people prefer to make various relationship comparisons and the reported and actual impact of these comparison standards on relationship appraisals. The present research also examines the hypothesis that certain relationship beliefs and characteristics (controllability and satisfaction) affect how one interprets these comparison standards. In study 1, 140 undergraduate …
Exposing The Needs Of An Invisible Community: Queer Youth In Kitchener-Waterloo, Meghan Kenny
Exposing The Needs Of An Invisible Community: Queer Youth In Kitchener-Waterloo, Meghan Kenny
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Using a participatory action research approach, and a steering committee composed of stakeholders from the community, this thesis focused on identifying the needs of queer youth in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario. Multiple methods were used including focus groups, key informant interviews, and an online survey. A total of 31 participants were involved in this study including youth between the ages of 16 and 25 (who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, questioning, or unsure), parents of queer youth and other community members. Barriers to queer youth wanting to access resources were addressed and strategies to overcome them are offered. In addition, suggestions …
Looking Forward To Fitness: The Effects Of Time Perception On Exercise Behaviour, Lianne Mclellan
Looking Forward To Fitness: The Effects Of Time Perception On Exercise Behaviour, Lianne Mclellan
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Previous research has shown that people induced with a future-oriented time perspective were more likely to adhere to an exercise program because they were focused on the benefits of exercise and therefore better able to overcome short-term (ST) costs. The current research aimed to extend these findings by examining time perception—how close or distant the future benefits of exercise subjectively feel. Three studies examined participants’ perceptions of the ST and long-term (LT) benefits of exercise on their motivation to be physically active and their subsequent exercise behaviour. Study l found that having a future time perspective was related to higher …
Driving Without A Map: Father-Son Sexual Health Communication, Alison Elizabeth Pearson
Driving Without A Map: Father-Son Sexual Health Communication, Alison Elizabeth Pearson
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Family sexual health communication is an important area to examine due to the high-risk sexual behaviours that some youth engage in and the influential role that parents can play in teaching and shaping sexual health values. Yet few research studies on family sexual health communication include sons as participants and even fewer include fathers. In this study I attempted to contribute to the literature by examining the perspective of fathers in terms of sexual health communication with their pre-adolescent sons. Eight fathers from Southwestern Ontario with sons between the ages of eight and twelve took part in a qualitative study …
The Meaning Of Engagement: An Exploration Of Generativity In The Domain Of Politics, Sean Curtis Cameron
The Meaning Of Engagement: An Exploration Of Generativity In The Domain Of Politics, Sean Curtis Cameron
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Survey research has raised concerns over recent declines in political participation (Putnam, 2000). However, there has yet to be much research examining reasons for this from a narrative, life history perspective. In the current study, we examined intensive interviews of 94 midlife adults from the MacArthur Foundation Study on Successful Midlife Development, for levels of generative concern using the Loyola Generativity Scale, as well as political behaviours, values and beliefs using measures developed by the authors. This exploratory analysis focused on the accounts that men and women gave of political involvement, as well as predictors of these patterns. Generativity was …
Bridging The Gap Between Ethnically/Culturally Diverse 'Others': A Contribution To The Understanding Of How Women Work Together, Kristi D. Kemp
Bridging The Gap Between Ethnically/Culturally Diverse 'Others': A Contribution To The Understanding Of How Women Work Together, Kristi D. Kemp
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In this thesis, I explore the ways in which ethnically and culturally diverse women work together to rbedige their differences. Using a critical, feminist, reflexive and post-colonialist approach, I conducted eight in-person, semi-structured interviews with women who were staff and board members, volunteers, or participants in programmes offered by an organization serving immigrant women. Wommen were asked to name their cultural or ethnic identities, to share their views on multiculturalism, tolerance, and the “welcoming” of newcomers to Canada, the uniting and divisive issues they faced in their work, as well as appropriate roles for Canadian-born and immigrant women in the …
French And English Word Reading And Word Decoding Performance In Bilingual Children: How Are Phonological Processing Skills Related?, Catherine Adèle Lafrance
French And English Word Reading And Word Decoding Performance In Bilingual Children: How Are Phonological Processing Skills Related?, Catherine Adèle Lafrance
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The French (L1) and English (L2) reading development of bilingual children in French schools was examined using measures of oral language proficiency, letter-name and letter-sound knowledge, phonological processing (phonological awareness, naming speed and working memory), and word decoding over an eight month period. At Time 1 (Senior Kindergarten), a series of multiple regressions indicated that, when controlling for oral language proficiency, letter name knowledge and non-verbal reasoning, L1 phonological awareness was the only consistent and unique predictor of French and English word reading and word decoding performance. At Time 2 (Grade 1), French and English phonological awareness were consistent and …
Wheel Running As A Function Of Varying Effort Requirements In Rats, Doreen B. Weise
Wheel Running As A Function Of Varying Effort Requirements In Rats, Doreen B. Weise
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
These experiments explore a wheel running work-response function with the goal of paralleling the drug magnitude-response (dose-response) function, as a way of measuring the value of running for rats. Friction levels were manipulated by varying the amount of weight applied to running wheels. Experiment 1 examined how male running patterns changed in response to weights applied on alternate days and calculated the work-response scores for each weight. Experiment 2 explored how male running changed when weights were applied for only a portion of the night, on an alternate night schedule. Experiments 3 and 4 replicated the procedures used in Experiments …