Psychology Commons^™

Measuring The Outliers: An Introduction To Out-Of-Level Testing With High-Achieving Students, Karen Rambo-Hernandez, Russell Warne

Russell T Warne

Out-of-level testing is an underused strategy for addressing the needs of students who score in the extremes, and when used wisely, it could provide educators with a much more accurate picture of what students know. Out-of-level testing has been shown to be an effective assessment strategy with high-achieving students; however, out-of-level testing has not been shown to work well with low-achieving students. This article provides a brief history of out-of-level testing, along with guidelines for using it.

Exploring The Various Interpretations Of "Test Bias", Russell Warne, Myeongsun Yoon, Chris Price

Russell T Warne

Test bias is a hotly debated topic in society, especially as it relates to diverse groups of examinees who often score low on standardized tests. However, the phrase “test bias” has a multitude of interpretations that many people are not aware of. In this article, we explain five different meanings of “test bias” and summarize the empirical and theoretical evidence related to each interpretation. The five meanings are as follows: (a) mean group differences, (b) differential predictive validity, (c) differential item functioning, (d) differing factor structures of tests, and (e) unequal consequences of test use for various groups. We explain …

The Last Truth To Determine But The First To Consider: Navigating Negative Response Distortion On The Pai In A Forensic Context, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling

Mark Bahr

Negative response distortion must be a consideration for any psychologist endeavouring to measure reported psychopathology in populations for whom there exists an external incentive for a diagnosis. The Personality Assessment Inventory (Morey, 1991) is increasingly being used in psychological assessment in the forensic arena. This paper presents an overview of the validation of the negative validity indices of the PAI to interpret data from a recent archival file review of 400 individuals who participated in assessment as part of a compensation claim process or in preparation for criminal sentencing. Whilst malingering must be a standard consideration in any forensic assessment, …

Development Of A New Measure Of Adolescent Depression, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr

Mark Bahr

A new scale to measure adolescent depression was developed by reviewing literature of adolescent depression, and an examination of existing depression instruments for both adults and adolescents. The Taouk Adolescent Depression Scale (TADS) was constructed as a multidimensional measure of depression, evaluated using a sample of 263 undergraduate and secondary school students (70 males, 193 females) aged between 12 and 21 years (M=15.53, SD=2.35). Four reliable factors comparable to those identified in previous research were obtained from an obliquely rotated principal axis factoring extraction, resulting in a final 20 item instrument with five items per domain, illustrating construct validity. The …

Governance-Default Risk Relationship And The Demand For Intermediated And Non-Intermediated Debt, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

An Introduction To Item Response Theory For Health Behavior Researchers, Russell Warne

Russell T Warne

OBJECTIVE:

To introduce item response theory (IRT) to health behavior researchers by contrasting it with classical test theory and providing an example of IRT in health behavior.

METHOD:

Demonstrate IRT by fitting the 2PL model to substance-use survey data from the Adolescent Health Risk Behavior questionnaire (n=1343 adolescents).

RESULTS:

An IRT 2PL model can produce viable substance use scores that differentiate different levels of substance use, resulting in improved precision and specificity at the respondent level.

CONCLUSION:

IRT is a viable option for health researchers who want to produce high-quality scores for unidimensional constructs. The results from our example-although not …

Estimating Confidence Intervals For Eigenvalues In Exploratory Factor Analysis, Ross Larsen, Russell Warne

Russell T Warne

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) has become a common procedure in educational and psychological research. In the course of performing an EFA, researchers often base the decision of how many factors to retain on the eigenvalues for the factors. However, many researchers do not realize that eigenvalues, like all sample statistics, are subject to sampling error, which means that confidence intervals (CIs) can be estimated for each eigenvalue. In the present article, we demonstrate two methods of estimating CIs for eigenvalues: one based on the mathematical properties of the central limit theorem, and the other based on bootstrapping. References to appropriate …

Quarterly Gdp Estimates For Selected South Asian Economies, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Kiren Sales Corporation’S Survey Data, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Financial Sector Reforms And Banking Sector Soundness: A Multivariate Evaluation, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Inflation Dynamics: A Structural Estimation, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

A Small Open Economy Dsge Model For Pakistan, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Exchange Rate Of Japan, Singapore And Hong Kong: A Time Series Analysis, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Financial Reforms And Efficiency Of Banking Sector Of Pakistan: A Survey Of Empirical Literature, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Is Marketing Research The Cure For Norton Healthcare Kosair Children’S Hospital’S Ailments?, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Does Volatility In Government Borrowing Leads To Higher Inflation? Evidence From Pakistan, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Pakistan’S Vulnerability To Crisis, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

A Note On Sustained Economic Growth For Pakistan, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Estimating Output Gap For Pakistan Economy: Structural And Statistical Approaches, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.

Macro Determinants Of Total Factor Productivity In Pakistan, Safdar Khan

Safdar Khan

No abstract provided.