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Articles 3421 - 3450 of 3966
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Trends. Group Psychology And War Planning, Ibpp Editor
Trends. Group Psychology And War Planning, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This Trends article discusses the importance of group dynamics and mood in a war setting.
Applicant Perceptions Of Selection Procedures: The Role Of Selection Information, Belief In Tests, And Comparative Anxiety, Filip Lievens, Wilfried De Corte, Katrien Brysse
Applicant Perceptions Of Selection Procedures: The Role Of Selection Information, Belief In Tests, And Comparative Anxiety, Filip Lievens, Wilfried De Corte, Katrien Brysse
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study addresses the effects of the provision of information on the reliability and validity of selection procedures and the effects of test-taker attitudes (i.e., belief in tests and comparative anxiety) on fairness perceptions. Prior to an actual selection process, applicants (N = 118) were given either information about the reliability and validity of various selection procedures or no information. Next, they evaluated the fairness of eight selection procedures. No significant effect of selection information was found. Belief in tests had significant effects, with applicants high on test belief giving higher fairness ratings than applicants low on test belief. In …
Employee Surveys And Hrm Strategy, Carol Gill
Employee Surveys And Hrm Strategy, Carol Gill
Carol Gill
This article demonstrates that employee surveys can be an important strategic tool but poor implementation can diminish their value. Specifically surveys should be linked to Business Strategy and have actionable outcomes.
When Success Breeds Failure: History, Hysteresis, And Delayed Exit Decisions, Jennifer Bragger, Donald Bragger, Donald A. Hantula, Jean Kirnan, Eugene Kutcher
When Success Breeds Failure: History, Hysteresis, And Delayed Exit Decisions, Jennifer Bragger, Donald Bragger, Donald A. Hantula, Jean Kirnan, Eugene Kutcher
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The effects of feedback equivocality, information availability, and prior decision-making history on escalation and persistence were investigated. Replicating the findings of J.L. Bragger, D.H. Bragger, D.A. Hantula, and J.P. Kirnan (1998), this study found that participants receiving equivocal feedback on their decisions invested more money and invested across more opportunities; those who could purchase information invested fewer resources than did participants who did not have the opportunity to purchase information. There was an inverse linear relationship between the percentage of opportunities in which participants purchased information and the delay to exit decisions and total resources invested. Six weeks earlier, some …
Social Skill As Moderator Of The Conscientiousness-Performance Relationship: Convergent Results Across Four Studies
L. A. Witt
No abstract provided.
The Impact Of Leader-Member Exchange On Communication Type, Frequency, And Performance Ratings
The Impact Of Leader-Member Exchange On Communication Type, Frequency, And Performance Ratings
L. A. Witt
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of The Relationships Between The Perceived Organizational Climate And Professional Burnout In Libraries And Computing Centers In West Virginia Public Higher Education Institutions, Arnold R. Miller
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between the perceived organizational climate and professional burnout in libraries and computing services units in West Virginia higher education. Research questions were defined to investigate the differences between libraries and computing services units in the perceived organizational climate, professional burnout, organizational climate vs. burnout, demographics vs. organizational climate, demographics vs. burnout, and the combined effects of demographics and organizational climate upon burnout. The Work Environment Scale (WES) Form R, third edition, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) HSS, third edition, and a demographic questionnaire measured the organizational climate, burnout, and demographics. …
Persuasive Behavior As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Strategic Behavior And Leadership Effectiveness, Daniel Rojas Vieira
Persuasive Behavior As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Strategic Behavior And Leadership Effectiveness, Daniel Rojas Vieira
Theses Digitization Project
Based on the notion that leader behaviors are mutually facilitative on their effects on leader effectiveness, this study tested the hypothesis that Persuasive behaviors enhance the predictive relationship between Strategic behaviors and Leadership Effectiveness. Persuasive was hypothesized to act as an enhancer based on the notion that the leader's ability to influence others and develop followership can enhance the impact of a leader's ability to set strategy, provide direction, make decisions and plan on perceived effectiveness.
An Examination Of The Perceptions Held Towards Older Workers: A Comparison Of Information Technology And Non Information Technology Companies, Robin Liane Tuck
An Examination Of The Perceptions Held Towards Older Workers: A Comparison Of Information Technology And Non Information Technology Companies, Robin Liane Tuck
Theses Digitization Project
The focus of this thesis is to examine perceptions held towards older workers across industries. The perceptions of Human Resource personnel and hiring managers recruiting for Information Technologist were compared to the perceptions of Human Resource personnel and hiring managers recruiting for various other positions.
The Relationship Between Person-Organization Fit, Attribution Theory, And Psychological Contract Violations Within Organizational Settings, Sarah Elizabeth Phillips
The Relationship Between Person-Organization Fit, Attribution Theory, And Psychological Contract Violations Within Organizational Settings, Sarah Elizabeth Phillips
Theses Digitization Project
This study makes an attempt at bridging the theory between the constructs of person-organization (P-O) fit and psychological contract violations, through attribution theory.
Construct Validation Of Common Format Biodata Within The Public Sector, James Foster Baxter
Construct Validation Of Common Format Biodata Within The Public Sector, James Foster Baxter
Theses Digitization Project
Biographical data inventories (biodata) have one of the best predictors of job performance criteria for over 100 hundred years. Similarly, CommonFormat Biodata (CFB) inventories have also demonstrated their ability to predict certain performance criteria. There are two common themes and tow common sub-themes typically associated with CFB intruments, Education, experience, time, and specificity respectively. The major purpose of this paper was to employ a confirmatory factor analysis strategy to construct and validate a CFB inventory.
Examining The Equivalence Of Rater Groups In 360-Degree Feedback For Use In Leadership Development, Amy Fitzgibbons
Examining The Equivalence Of Rater Groups In 360-Degree Feedback For Use In Leadership Development, Amy Fitzgibbons
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
This study assessed the seldom-considered aspect of measurement equivalence across the three most common rater groups in 360-degree feedback systems. The graded response model for polytomous items was used to assess differential functioning of items and tests and applied to an archival data set of 664 ratees to determine the equivalence of peer, subordinate, and supervisor ratings of four leadership competencies. The results indicate that the leadership competencies were invariant across the three rater groups. The results and conclusions produced are discussed with practical implications in mind.
Proactive Personality And The Big Five As Predictors Of Motivation To Learn, Jonathan E. Turner
Proactive Personality And The Big Five As Predictors Of Motivation To Learn, Jonathan E. Turner
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
In an environment of changing psychological contracts, corporate downsizing, and increases in alternative self-paced training delivery channels, motivation to learn is believed to represent a key variable in employee self-development that distinguishes employees who will thrive from those who will not. Predicting this variable, then, becomes an important step in managing workforce development and helping employees help themselves. Therefore, the efficacy of relevant personality characteristics as predictors of motivation to learn was investigated. Proactive personality and the Big Five factors of personality were hypothesized to be predictive of motivation to learn. These personality variables are relevant because they have been …
An Examination Of Personality As A Predictor Of Guard Behavior In A Virtual Environment, Jean M. Catanzaro
An Examination Of Personality As A Predictor Of Guard Behavior In A Virtual Environment, Jean M. Catanzaro
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Military personnel need access to realistic training tools that can provide a safe environment in which to acquire skills that will generalize to real world tasks. A virtual environment (VE) is one such tool. The focus of the present study was to evaluate a VE as a training tool for military guards. The first goal was to examine the potential of VE technology to provide effective training for standing watch at a military checkpoint. The second goal was to study a set of personality traits that might predict performance. Participants completed the NEO Personality Inventory and were trained to perform …
Reliability And The Actfl Oral Proficiency Interview: Reporting Indices Of Interrater Consistency And Agreement For 19 Languages, Eric Surface, Erich Dierdorff
Reliability And The Actfl Oral Proficiency Interview: Reporting Indices Of Interrater Consistency And Agreement For 19 Languages, Eric Surface, Erich Dierdorff
Erich C. Dierdorff
The reliability of the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) has not been reported since ACTFL revised its speaking proficiency guidelines in 1999. Reliability data for assessments should be reported periodically to provide users with enough information to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the assessment. This study provided the most comprehensive analysis of ACTFL OPI reliability to date, reporting interrater consistency and agreement data for 19 different languages. Overall, the interrater reliability of the ACTFL OPI was found to be very high. These results demonstrate the importance of using an OPI assessment program that has a well-designed interview process, a well-articulated …
Psychological Testing: Rogues, Romance And Roadside Assistance, Carol Gill
Psychological Testing: Rogues, Romance And Roadside Assistance, Carol Gill
Carol Gill
Psychological testing has the mystique of white magic…potential and existing employees complete several relatively brief paper and pencil tests and the organization receives a concise report (accurate to the percentile!) that is able to describe personality, intelligence and various other significant characteristics in detail…to predict the future! This magic though, in most cases, can only be performed by a witch doctor (Psychologist), which contributes to the “black box” aura of testing. Despite the reported validity of testing there are a range of methodological and ethical issues in using psychological tests, however, the most important question is how significant is the …
A Meta-Analysis Of Job Analysis Reliability, Erich Dierdorff, Mark Wilson
A Meta-Analysis Of Job Analysis Reliability, Erich Dierdorff, Mark Wilson
Erich C. Dierdorff
Average levels of interrater and intrarater reliability for job analysis data were investigated using meta-analysis. Forty-six studies and 299 estimates of reliability were cumulated. Data were categorized by specificity (generalized work activity or task data), source (incumbents, analysts, or technical experts), and descriptive scale (frequency, importance, difficulty, time-spent, and the Position Analysis Questionnaire). Task data initially produced higher estimates of interrater reliability than generalized work activity data and lower estimates of intrarater reliability. When estimates were corrected for scale length and number of raters by using the Spearman-Brown formula, task data had higher interrater and intrarater reliabilities. Incumbents displayed the …
Economic Development And Social Diversity: The Origin And Composition Of A Systemic Growth Regime In Louisville, Kentucky, 1897-1933, John W. Mctighe
Economic Development And Social Diversity: The Origin And Composition Of A Systemic Growth Regime In Louisville, Kentucky, 1897-1933, John W. Mctighe
Dissertations
Between the years 1897 and 1933, a systemic growth regime controlled the urban development of Louisville, Kentucky. The city’s growth regime was created in response to changing national patterns of production resulting from industrialization, and was dedicated to both urban economic expansion, as well as internal political and social control. The growth regime functioned in an informal manner through the formal organizations of the city by co-opting selective representatives from the various economic, ethnic, and racial leadership pools of the city. As an informal entity, the growth regime achieved a high degree of urban hegemony and was a structural hierarchy …
Designed Physical Environments As Related To Selves, Symbols, And Social Reality: A Proposal For A Humanistic Paradigm Shift For Architecture, Ronald Smith, Valerie Bugni
Designed Physical Environments As Related To Selves, Symbols, And Social Reality: A Proposal For A Humanistic Paradigm Shift For Architecture, Ronald Smith, Valerie Bugni
Sociology Faculty Research
In this paper we will begin by briefly describing the concept of self, proceed by discussing the symbolic significance of physical environment, then describe as well as propose a humanist paradigm which we believe should be employed in architectural theory and practice, and finally discuss how the shift to a humanistic paradigm might be accomplished.
Medical Students' Personality Characteristics And Academic Performance: A Five-Factor Model Perspective, Filip Lievens, Pol Coetsier, Filip De Fruyt, Jan De Maeseneer
Medical Students' Personality Characteristics And Academic Performance: A Five-Factor Model Perspective, Filip Lievens, Pol Coetsier, Filip De Fruyt, Jan De Maeseneer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Objectives: This study investigates: (1) which personality traits are typical of medical students as compared to other students, and (2) which personality traits predict medical student performance in pre-clinical years. Design: This paper reports a cross-sectional inventory study of students in nine academic majors and a prospective longitudinal study of one cohort of medical students assessed by inventory during their first pre-clinical year and by university examination at the end of each pre-clinical year. Subjects and methods: In 1997, a combined total of 785 students entered medical studies courses in five Flemish universities. Of these, 631 (80.4%) completed the NEO-PI-R …
A Fitting Strategy, Carol Gill
A Fitting Strategy, Carol Gill
Carol Gill
Take advantage of the tools available to check the fit between HRM and business strategy
Personnel Security: Beyond Initial Screening And Selection To Career Aftermath, Ibpp Editor
Personnel Security: Beyond Initial Screening And Selection To Career Aftermath, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This article describes Issues pertaining to personnel security in the aftermath of an individual’s career with an organization.
The Role Of Trust, Leader-Member Exchange, And Organizational Justice In Employee Attitudes And Behaviors: A Laboratory And Field Investigation, Rudolph Joseph Sanchez
The Role Of Trust, Leader-Member Exchange, And Organizational Justice In Employee Attitudes And Behaviors: A Laboratory And Field Investigation, Rudolph Joseph Sanchez
Dissertations and Theses
The study of interpersonal relationships continues to be a major focus of theory and research in a wide array of disciplines. The present research examined one of the most prevalent and significant interpersonal relationships in the workplace context—the dyadic relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate. This research examined the relationships between trust, quality of the leader-member exchange relationship (LMX; a measure of the quality of the dyadic relationship), perceived organizational justice, and several employee attitudes and behaviors that are important to individual workers and the organizations in which they work.
Data were collected in both laboratory and field settings. …
The Viability Of The Implicit Association Test Applied To Attitudes Toward Individuals With Disabilities And Measurement Of Coworker Attitudes Toward Individuals With A Disability, Andrea Doyle
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Attitudes toward individuals with disabilities were examined using two different methods: (a) the Implicit Association Test assessing general implicit attitudes and (b) a vignette study assessing coworker attitudes. The Implicit Association Test was used in an attempt to replicate Tringo's Hierarchy of Preference using five exemplar disabilities: (a) Cancer, (b) Paraplegic, (c) Mental Illness, (d) Alcoholic, and (e) HIV Positive. The results did not support a replication of the Hierarchy of Preference. Three dimensions of disabilities were manipulated for the vignette study. These dimensions were the overtness of the disability, the level of risk associated with the disability, and response …
Trying To Understand The Different Pieces Of The Construct Validity Puzzle Of Assessment Centers: An Examination Of Assessor And Assessee Effects, Filip Lievens
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study examined the effects of assessor-related factors (i.e., type of assessor) and assessee-related factors (i.e., type of assessee profile) on the construct validity of assessment center ratings. In particular, 3 types of assessors (26 industrial/organizational [I/O] psychologists, 20 managers, and 27 students), rated assessee performances that varied according to cross-exercise consistency (i.e., relatively inconsistent vs. relatively consistent) and dimension differentiation (relatively undifferentiated vs. relatively differentiated). Construct validity evidence was established for only one assessee profile and only in the I/O psychologist and managerial samples. More generally, these results indicate that 3 factors (poor design, assessor unreliability, and especially cross-situational …
Time-Based Work-Family Conflict: Myth Or Reality?, Karyn H. Bernas
Time-Based Work-Family Conflict: Myth Or Reality?, Karyn H. Bernas
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The present study examined a time-based model of work-family conflict for a sample of 176 working women with childcare responsibilities. Building on the work of Edwards and Rothbard (2000) and role theory, a model was proposed to test the specific variables that define time-based work-family conflict. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test the proposed hypotheses. Contrary to assumptions about time-based conflict, the results suggest that role time has a very limited impact on work-family conflict. Variables that were related to role performance and satisfaction included traditional gender role expectations, family involvement, family instrumental support, leader-member exchange, role overload, and …
Perceptions Of Fairness Of Discipline Events In The Work Place, Debra Phillips
Perceptions Of Fairness Of Discipline Events In The Work Place, Debra Phillips
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Employees are concerned with the fairness of organizational outcomes they receive and the fairness of the decision-making processes used to determine how these outcomes are allocated in accordance with organizational policies. The present study focused on the distributive justice and procedural justice outcomes of disciplinary actions in work place settings. This study assessed the effects of three levels of the severity of rule violation, severity of punishment, and decision-making processes utilized. The results indicated that conditions allowing participation in the decision-making process resulted in perceptions of greater procedural fairness to employees, but did not influence perceptions of distributive fairness. The …
Creating Inclusive Organizations: Its Meaning And Measurement, Bryan Christopher Hayes
Creating Inclusive Organizations: Its Meaning And Measurement, Bryan Christopher Hayes
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
There is growing interest in the concept of inclusion by both scientists and practitioners. The goal of the current study was to bring empirical support to the organizational inclusion literature. Inclusion was defined as a psychosocial need and a model was developed specifying its relationship to antecedent and consequence variables. The measurement model was explored with a sample of responses from 418 undergraduate students (Study 1). The measurement model was confirmed and the structural model was assessed with a sample of responses from 609 employees of a medical center (Study 2). Results of structural equation modeling provided limited support for …
Modeling Organizational Culture In A Financial Institution, Lauren Rogers
Modeling Organizational Culture In A Financial Institution, Lauren Rogers
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Ideal versus current organizational culture perceptions, differences in perceptions of culture between hierarchal levels and departments, and the strength of organizational culture were investigated in the current study. Organizational culture was measured by Cooke and Lafferty's (1987) Organizational Culture Inventory. There were differences in culture perceptions between ideal versus the current culture, hierarchal levels, and departments. The organizational culture was perceived to be weak in comparison to the four desirable styles indicated by the OCI profile.
Aerospace Expeditionary Force Implementation And The Effect On Team Cohesion, Michael J. Zuhlsdorf
Aerospace Expeditionary Force Implementation And The Effect On Team Cohesion, Michael J. Zuhlsdorf
Theses and Dissertations
A statistical analysis of deployed and deploying airmen was conducted to provide insight and defensible support for Aerospace Expeditionary Force Center commanders to base teaming initiatives and policy decisions. To ensure that the results of this research are applicable across the Air Force, the research examined the effect of the Aerospace Expeditionary Force deployment process, comprised of individual anxiety, group unity, and work-group characteristics, on team cohesion, deployment commitment, and team effectiveness. The sample obtained included 643 airmen who had deployed within a 12-month period or who were scheduled to deploy within the next 3-month period. The results of the …