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Articles 1 - 30 of 123
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Variability In Perceptions Of Complementary Health Approaches Among Graduate Student Trainees, Delaney C. Bilodeau
Variability In Perceptions Of Complementary Health Approaches Among Graduate Student Trainees, Delaney C. Bilodeau
Theses and Dissertations
Complementary Health Approaches (CHAs) encompass a diverse range of practices which are often used both independently and alongside conventional medical treatments. Understanding how graduate students training in different fields perceive CHAs is important because these professional trainees will go on to occupy roles as healthcare practitioners, researchers, policy makers, and consumers. This study used sequential rank agreement methods (Ekstrøm, Gerds, & Jensen, 2019) to investigate variations in perceptions of CHAs in a sample of graduate students (N = 416) from 140 possible training programs. Ratings of CHA familiarity, perceptions of CHA legitimacy, and willingness to recommend CHAs were compared …
Beyond Labels: Understanding The Complexities Of Lgb Employee Team Networks, Mohammed S. Akib
Beyond Labels: Understanding The Complexities Of Lgb Employee Team Networks, Mohammed S. Akib
Theses and Dissertations
This study aimed to investigate the team network of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) employees, as well as the factors influencing those team networks. The findings were based on responses from 13 participants who identified as either lesbian, gay, or bisexual. Participants completed a 60-minute interview, which was audio recorded and transcribed for analysis. The data was analyzed using MaxQDA qualitative analysis software, employing a phenomenological approach. Two research questions were addressed: (1) How, if at all, does the form and nature of the team network differ between the subgroups of LGB employees? and (2) How do various contextual factors …
Charter For Smarter Hats: How Team Charters Dynamically Improve Trust And Emotions In Human-Agent Teams, Dan Manh Nguyen
Charter For Smarter Hats: How Team Charters Dynamically Improve Trust And Emotions In Human-Agent Teams, Dan Manh Nguyen
Theses and Dissertations
Although human-agent teams have received significant attention from both practitioners and researchers in recent years, human attitudes and emotions towards agents present collaborative barriers that reduce effective teaming. Borrowing from literature on traditional human team interventions, this study examines how team charters may be leveraged to set up better trust relationships and emotional states over time, and how these key emergent states influence both objective performance scores and subjective performance ratings. Using data from 43 individuals who participated in a search-and-rescue simulation with four agent teammates, discontinuous growth modeling was used to examine differences in trust and upsetness over time …
Equity Among Equity Workers: Public Service Motivation In An Educational Nonprofit Organization, Russell C. West Jr
Equity Among Equity Workers: Public Service Motivation In An Educational Nonprofit Organization, Russell C. West Jr
Theses and Dissertations
What opportunities and challenges arise when an equity-focused educational organization aims to support employee’s individual equity practices while simultaneously developing the organization’s equity practice? In this study, employees of a non-profit educational organization were asked what rationales and expectations played a role in their decision to volunteer in an equity working group. Their responses were used to understand whether Perry’s (2000) process theory of Public Service Motivation helped describe their decision. In a second round of interviews, employees were asked what outcomes they perceived came from their participation. These responses were used to understand whether the outcomes aligned with those …
Am I Committed Or Conflicted? Examining Implications Of Self-Concept Structure For Self-Regulation, Well-Being, And Performance, Nicholas Aaron Moon
Am I Committed Or Conflicted? Examining Implications Of Self-Concept Structure For Self-Regulation, Well-Being, And Performance, Nicholas Aaron Moon
Theses and Dissertations
Although research on self-concept is extensive, few studies have examined the relationship between specific aspects of self-concept structure (e.g., self-concept clarity) and self-regulation constructs (e.g., goal commitment). In addition, research has linked aspects of self-concept structure with well-being outcomes, but less is known about the mechanisms involved in these relationships. This research addresses these two issues by examining self-concept structure (self-concept clarity and self-concept differentiation) as antecedents of key self-regulatory mechanisms (goal commitment and goal conflict) and how these linkages may help explain connections between self-concept structure and well-being and performance. More specifically, two studies examined these relationships, with Study …
Do Women See Leadership As Risky? The Potential Role Of Stereotypes And The Perception Of Risk In Claiming A Leader Identity, Julia Macgregor-Peralta
Do Women See Leadership As Risky? The Potential Role Of Stereotypes And The Perception Of Risk In Claiming A Leader Identity, Julia Macgregor-Peralta
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to determine if women perceive leadership as riskier than men do, and whether that could be holding women back. Specifically, this study investigated the influence of gender and leadership views on the development of leader identity and the role that perception of risk of leadership plays. Role Congruity Theory of Leadership, Lack of Fit, and Adaptive Leadership Theory were used as theoretical frameworks in this cross-sectional study using 2022 archival data. Participants were undergraduate and graduate students from five different universities in the United States. Leader role alignment (LRA), which is the congruence between …
Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role Of Organization Segmentation Norms On Work-Family Enrichment, Engagement & Burnout, Sarah Jensen
Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role Of Organization Segmentation Norms On Work-Family Enrichment, Engagement & Burnout, Sarah Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
Increased frequency of virtual work environments has changed the dynamics of boundary management decisions for employees and underscored the importance of organizations being aware and purposeful of how their norms will impact their employees. The goal of this study was to a) understand how organizations norms towards segmentation impact employee burnout, engagement, and enrichment, and b) how segmentation preferences, job demands, and job crafting strengthen these relationships. Two samples of participants were recruited from a mental health organization (N = 73) and mTurk (N = 80) to complete surveys on the variables for the study. Organizations with a norm for …
Exploring Factors That Influence Disagreements In Self-Other Ratings In 360-Degree Feedback Systems, Robert Allen Miller
Exploring Factors That Influence Disagreements In Self-Other Ratings In 360-Degree Feedback Systems, Robert Allen Miller
Theses and Dissertations
360-degree feedback systems are some of the most widely used ratings systems in organizations today. The current study examined the use of 360-degree feedback systems as a method for capturing job performance in organizations and the challenges associated with accuracy in ratings due to individual differences in perception. The study investigated the links between self-other rating tendencies and narrow facets of personality and examined how an individual’s personality affects self- and other-ratings of their performance behaviors. The findings suggest that various aspects of personality differentially affect both self- and other-ratings of performance, providing a deeper understanding of how individual differences …
The Relationship Between Self-Rated Circumplex Traits And Other-Rated Job Performance, Michael Robert Sawdy
The Relationship Between Self-Rated Circumplex Traits And Other-Rated Job Performance, Michael Robert Sawdy
Theses and Dissertations
The Big Five has emerged as the dominant personality model in the researcher literature (Judge & Bono, 2000), yet there is still debate about how personality should be modeled within the Big Five framework as well as which personality traits relate most strongly to important outcomes across domains (DeYoung et al., 2007; Digman, 1997; Hofstee et al., 1992; Judge et al., 2002). The purpose of this study was to compare complex personality traits as defined by the circumplex personality approach to simple, hierarchical personality traits as defined by the standard personality model approach in relation to other-rated job performance. Overall, …
The Future Of Socialization: Linking Socialization To Employee Engagement, Alexander Michael Dechurch
The Future Of Socialization: Linking Socialization To Employee Engagement, Alexander Michael Dechurch
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the relationship between socialization and engagement. In doing so this study investigates and measures the impact that social integration, task mastery, autonomy, role clarity, satisfaction with socialization, job embeddedness, network characteristics, network capital, and online socialization have in linking socialization to engagement. The sample for this study utilized data from Amazon Mechanical Turk. The results suggest that institutionalized socialization tactics relate to higher reported engagement. In addition, social integration, autonomy, job embeddedness, network strength, and network capital each play a significant role in the observed relationship
Psychological Safety In Startup Organizations, Jessica Barhydt
Psychological Safety In Startup Organizations, Jessica Barhydt
Theses and Dissertations
Psychological safety is an individually held belief that a group is safe for interpersonal risk-taking. Scholars have studied the concept primarily as a team-level construct. However, recent studies suggest that climates of psychological safety exist at the organizational level. An examination of the dynamism of the construct at the organizational level is needed: how it grows, changes, and declines. Startups, which grow and change quickly, are an excellent context to study organizational psychological safety. Through interviews, this study explored psychological safety as an organizational-level construct in startup organizations. Specifically, it examined potential commonalities between high and low psychological safety as …
The Language Of Recruitment: How Minority Status, Racial Minority Centrality, & Linguistic Cues Impact Applicant Perceptions, Clark Waters
The Language Of Recruitment: How Minority Status, Racial Minority Centrality, & Linguistic Cues Impact Applicant Perceptions, Clark Waters
Theses and Dissertations
As color-blindness, the intentional denial of racial differences, continues to occupy corporate policy, expressions and consequences of modern racism in the workplace remain pervasive. Color-blind attitudes can be harmful due to their focus on perceived equality, at the expense of actionable, functional equity. Establishing a culture of racial equity in the workplace requires an understanding of how the language used to discuss race can impact potential applicants’ opinions of the company. To attract a diverse pool of job applicants, the language of recruitment is of particular importance in the current study. Using a vignette-style survey design, a diverse sample of …
The Interactive Effects Of Cross-Cultural Competence, Political Skill, And Cultural Distance On Trust And Cohesion, Allyson Clubb
The Interactive Effects Of Cross-Cultural Competence, Political Skill, And Cultural Distance On Trust And Cohesion, Allyson Clubb
Theses and Dissertations
Culturally diverse teams are increasingly common in the modern workforce, yet an inadequate understanding of the unique needs for culturally diverse teams has continued to lead to either sub-optimal or even failed team performance. The current study sought to examine the relationships between cultural distance, team emergent states (trust and cohesion), team composition (cross-cultural competence, 3C; and political skill, PS), and team performance. The research design utilized archival, longitudinal data which included a final sample of 49 teams. It was hypothesized that team-level 3C and PS benefit performance indirectly through their impact on trust and cohesion. Further, it was thought …
Is It Undervalued? A Qualitative And Quantitative Review Of The Work Values-Job Performance Relationship, Sherif Al-Qallawi
Is It Undervalued? A Qualitative And Quantitative Review Of The Work Values-Job Performance Relationship, Sherif Al-Qallawi
Theses and Dissertations
Researchers have been calling for greater exploration of the relationship between work values and job performance for about five decades (Goodale, 1973; J.-I. C. Hansen & Wiernik, 2017). The current study integrates research on the relationship between work values and job performance over the course of those five decades to better understand this connection. First, a thorough review of work values is presented, including a discussion of their nature, antecedences, construct clarification (how they differ from other individual differences), construct specification (how they differ from other value-based constructs), operationalization, taxonomy, measurement, group differences, stability, and outcomes. This review also includes …
Examining The Integrative Impacts Of Trust And Distrust Sub-Dimensions On Employee Discretionary Behavior, Alexandra Silverman
Examining The Integrative Impacts Of Trust And Distrust Sub-Dimensions On Employee Discretionary Behavior, Alexandra Silverman
Theses and Dissertations
While trust and distrust in subordinate-supervisor relationships have been studied and linked to numerous positive and negative discretionary workplace outcomes, research has largely overlooked the impact of their sub-dimensions, competence and intent, in these relationships. Furthermore, although there has been research noting the impact of emotional exhaustion on discretionary behaviors such as OCB and CWB, limited research has examined its impact on the relationship between trust/distrust in supervisors and the discretionary behaviors, as well as those pertaining to the sub-dimensions of trust and distrust and the behavioral outcomes. The current study analyzed a sample of 301 employees in the United …
Intersections Of Gender And Age: Identification And Attributional Processes On Leadership Effectiveness, Kayla Lynne Bigerton
Intersections Of Gender And Age: Identification And Attributional Processes On Leadership Effectiveness, Kayla Lynne Bigerton
Theses and Dissertations
As more women enter leadership roles and the ages of leaders becomes more diverse, there is a need for more intersectional research. An intersectional approach was used to assess the impact of leader gender and age on leadership effectiveness through identification and attributional processes. In doing so, different age conceptualizations were also examined. Gender did not have an impact on identification and attributional processes and age had mixed results. Age similarity was not significantly related to leader identification, but perceived leader age had a negative relationship with idiosyncratic fit. Further, social age was examined with different age ranges representing "young”, …
Diving Deeper: Employee’S Perceptions Of Diversity, Leader Behaviors, And Inclusion, Phylicia Fanetta Davlyn Richardson
Diving Deeper: Employee’S Perceptions Of Diversity, Leader Behaviors, And Inclusion, Phylicia Fanetta Davlyn Richardson
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding an employee’s perspectives of their organization, team and leader has been researched extensively in the field. The same can be said for diversity, equity, and inclusion. However there have been gaps in the literature when it comes to an employee’s perception and how they can dictate their approach to their work environment. Grounded in the theory of the effect leadership has on employees (Jung & Welch, 2022; Randolph-Seng et al., 2016), this study examines vary leader behaviors (inclusion, antiracism, allyship) and how they interact with perceptions of inclusion and diversity. Using a survey, 211 participants answered measures assessing their …
The When, Why, And How: Antecedents Of Illegitimate Task Perceptions, Patricia Jewel Emily Morrison
The When, Why, And How: Antecedents Of Illegitimate Task Perceptions, Patricia Jewel Emily Morrison
Theses and Dissertations
Driven, satisfied, and motivated employees are crucial to an organization’s long-term success. The purpose of this research study was to examine factors that may be affecting employee perceptions of tasks as illegitimate. Utilizing a purposive, convenience sampling approach, 14 employees were recruited to participate in this study. Participants completed an interview with the researcher that lasted approximately 30 minutes and was audio recorded and later transcribed. All data was analyzed in NVivo qualitative analysis software utilizing the grounded theory method and thematic analysis approach. The following three themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) Lack of Resources, Lack of Support, …
Was This Part Of The Plan? Examining Planning As A Mechanism To Mitigate Workplace Intrusions, Dominic Fedele
Was This Part Of The Plan? Examining Planning As A Mechanism To Mitigate Workplace Intrusions, Dominic Fedele
Theses and Dissertations
Workplace intrusions are commonplace in every organization. Limited preliminary work (e.g., Moon et al., 2020) is beginning to suggest that certain individuals may be more susceptible to workplace interruptions. Yet, it is unclear why individual differences may predict interruptions and how unexpected interruptions throughout the workday can be mitigated. Thus, this study examined these issues, focusing on dispositional self-control and planning as potential antecedents of intrusions as well as task performance and work-related stress as potential consequences of intrusions. Specifically, this research first adds to the literature by examining dispositional self-control as a predictor of the experience of workplace intrusions. …
Revealing The Dark Core Behind The Dark Triad, Cody Eric Harrell
Revealing The Dark Core Behind The Dark Triad, Cody Eric Harrell
Theses and Dissertations
Dark or malevolent personality traits (e.g., The Dark Triad) have gained increasing attention in recent years which has led researchers to explore the existence of a common factor of dark personality traits (Vize et al., 2020; Moshagen et al., 2018). A Dark Core was extracted from existing Dark Triad measures using principal component analysis and was subsequently analyzed in relation to other personality traits that are commonly studied in conjunction with common cores of maladaptive personality traits (e.g., agreeableness and honesty-humility; Vize et al., 2020; Moshagen et al., 2020b). A General Factor of Personality (GFP) was also extracted for statistical …
Face In Teams: The Impact Of Political Skill On Shared Leadership Density In Face Culture Teams, Valerie Taryn Robbins-Roth
Face In Teams: The Impact Of Political Skill On Shared Leadership Density In Face Culture Teams, Valerie Taryn Robbins-Roth
Theses and Dissertations
The need for organizations to effectively function in contexts that are global, interdependent, and team-oriented is increasing (Carson, 2005; Carson, Tesluk, & Marrone, 2007; Early & Gibson, 2002; Hoch et al., 2010; Pearce & Sims, 2000). Empirically, shared leadership has been repeatedly tied to higher performance. However, while shared leadership use has seldom been investigated in cultural contexts, shared leadership is theorized to be affected by culture. Face culture logic (in which self-worth is social worth) is another understudied construct that may have implications in global team performance. Though, face culture alone can provide conflicting speculations of shared leadership tendencies. …
Mindful And Authentic: Examining Leaders’ Impact On The Feedback Environment, Ché Lindsay Albowicz
Mindful And Authentic: Examining Leaders’ Impact On The Feedback Environment, Ché Lindsay Albowicz
Theses and Dissertations
The majority of what is currently known about mindfulness at work focuses on the individual benefits of being mindful (see Glomb, Duffy, Bono, & Yang, 2011; Good, et al., 2016), leaving an opportunity to understand the interpersonal impact of mindfulness at work. The current study tested whether mindful individuals, specifically mindful leaders, impact the work experience of their direct reports. Building on initial evidence (Leroy et al., 2015; Nubold, Quaquebeke, & Hulsheger, 2019) and strong theoretical ties (Kernis, 2002), supervisor mindfulness was a significant predictor of direct reports’ perception of authentic leadership behavior. Empathy was tested as a positive other-directed …
Trait Anxiety In The Workplace: A Job Demands-Resources Perspective, Tessly Ann Dieguez
Trait Anxiety In The Workplace: A Job Demands-Resources Perspective, Tessly Ann Dieguez
Theses and Dissertations
There is a widely held assumption that anxiety is always bad for job performance, when, in reality, the research findings on anxiety and performance are complex, varied, and inconsistent. Anxiety is extremely common and recently on the rise in the general population, and it can be related to important workplace outcomes such as job performance and well-being. Using the theoretical backdrops of the job demands-resources model (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007, 2018) and the theory of workplace anxiety (Cheng & McCarthy, 2018), this study proposed a model examining the mechanisms through which trait anxiety could lead to lower and higher typical …
Shared Leadership Emergence: The Role Of Leader Identity And Leadership Structure Schema, Erica Medrano
Shared Leadership Emergence: The Role Of Leader Identity And Leadership Structure Schema, Erica Medrano
Theses and Dissertations
The increasing popularity of self-managing teams has sparked interest in the impact of shared leadership structures on team outcomes. Yet, it is unclear how shared leadership structures form or why they vary across teams. While research suggests that leadership claiming and granting are essential to the social construction of shared leadership in teams, the latter has received little attention. Therefore, this study aimed to address the fundamental questions “what factors determine who is granted leadership by individuals in a team?” and “what factors determine how many others are granted leadership by individuals in a team?” I proposed that leader identity …
Brevity Vs. Breadth: Can Memory Disorders Be Diagnosed Using Fewer Neuropsychological Assessments?, Analise Roccaforte
Brevity Vs. Breadth: Can Memory Disorders Be Diagnosed Using Fewer Neuropsychological Assessments?, Analise Roccaforte
Theses and Dissertations
Object: The present study examines the clinical utility of combining a cognitive screener, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), with a measure of adaptive functioning, Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), to diagnose memory disorders when differentiating between cognition within normal limits (WNL), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Method: A total of 207 Health First Memory Disorder Clinic patients, ages 64-94, were included in the study. Participants were screened using the MoCA and then they completed a brief neuropsychological evaluation, which included the TFLS. Participants were only included if they received a diagnosis of cognition WNL, MCI, or AD. They …
Better Safe Than Sorry? Examining The Effectiveness Of Defensive Impression Management And Supplication Techniques In Attracting Minority Applicants To Public Safety Careers, Temitayo Opeyemi Lawal
Better Safe Than Sorry? Examining The Effectiveness Of Defensive Impression Management And Supplication Techniques In Attracting Minority Applicants To Public Safety Careers, Temitayo Opeyemi Lawal
Theses and Dissertations
The recent media coverage of fatal interactions between police officers and unarmed Black citizens has led to increased calls for law enforcement agencies to diversify their departments. However, many agencies struggle to attract qualified minority candidates due to the negative history between law enforcement and minority communities. This study examined whether the use targeted defensive impression management techniques, such as apologizing for past transgressions, and supplicative recruiting messages can influence attraction and job pursuit intentions for minority applicants. This study also explored whether applicant perceptions of an organization’s sincerity and value of diversity mediates the relationship between diversity recruiting messages …
Utilizing The Radsm Process: Developing An Unobtrusive Measure Of Cohesion, Zachary Lee Rahner
Utilizing The Radsm Process: Developing An Unobtrusive Measure Of Cohesion, Zachary Lee Rahner
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, verbal indicators produced following the RADSM process were used to code transcript data collected from 62 three-person teams playing a cooperative bridge crew simulator. A training dataset, consisting of 88 mission transcripts, and a testing dataset, consisting of 39 mission transcripts, were created from the data. Multilevel modeling was employed to develop a linear-regression algorithm to predict/measure team task and social cohesion. The findings revealed that task cohesion perceptions are linked to the proportion of speech dedicated to information requests and instructions, whereas social cohesion perceptions are associated with the proportion of speech dedicated to amusing and …
Beyond Resource Depletion: An Examination Of Sleepiness, Self-Regulation, And Goal Progress, Kauyer Lor
Beyond Resource Depletion: An Examination Of Sleepiness, Self-Regulation, And Goal Progress, Kauyer Lor
Theses and Dissertations
Research on employee sleepiness and self-regulation has primarily adopted a resource depletion perspective. However, other theoretical frameworks suggest additional processes may be involved. The current study explored this idea by examining the relationship between sleepiness, self-regulation, and goal progress within an integrative self-control theoretical framework (Kotabe & Hofmann, 2015). This study included a sample of 127 employees recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and a snowball method through social media. Participants completed seven signal surveys within a single workday assessing sleepiness, desire, higher-order goal, control capacity, control motivation, self-control enactment, desire enactment, and goal progress. Results from multilevel modeling indicated that …
The Order Of Faking, Brett Lawson Wallace
The Order Of Faking, Brett Lawson Wallace
Theses and Dissertations
Prior research has yet to look at the impact of cognitive ability assessment’s position on applicant faking behavior. To fill in this gap in research, this study looked to examine the effect of placing cognitive ability assessments before and after personality and job-related questions. Interspersed among these questions, were items that assist in predicting faking behavior. One-hundred-seventy-two participants were recruited through Amazon Turk to fill out a pseudo-job application for a customer support manager position. The results of this study showed that applicants that received the cognitive assessment prior to the personality and job-related questions overall engaged in less faking …
Profiles And Culture: Multi-Level Latent Profiles Based On Personality Traits And Facets And Profile Influences On Performance Outcomes Across Cultures, Weiwei Liu
Theses and Dissertations
Personality research has traditionally adopted a variable-centric approach but recently more studies have adopted a person-centric approach. A person-centric approach can provide additional insights in that it explores for multiple unobserved subgroups within a population and examines the extent to which relationships may differ across subgroups. The current study adds to this growing area in four ways. First, studies have attempted to identify common personality profiles, but results have been inconsistent and very few studies have examined work-relevant samples. The current study addresses this issue based on a large sample that is diverse in terms of industries, occupations, and countries. …