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Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Effect Of Environmental Context Upon Visual Distance Perception, Jessica M. Dukes
The Effect Of Environmental Context Upon Visual Distance Perception, Jessica M. Dukes
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The ability of 16 younger adults to visually perceive distances in depth was evaluated within three environmental contexts (indoors in the dark, indoors in the light, and outdoors). The observers' task was to bisect an 8m distance interval in all contexts using both monocular and binocular vision. In the outdoor environment (a natural grassy field), the observers' judgments indicated perceptual compression of farther distances similar to that obtained in many previous studies. In the indoor lighted environment (a 10.2 x 9.6m laboratory room), the observers' judgments were consistent with perceptual expansion of farther distances. Finally, there was a beneficial effect …
Students With Autism And Aggressive Behavior: A Review Of Evidence-Based Interventions, Alisha Kelsay
Students With Autism And Aggressive Behavior: A Review Of Evidence-Based Interventions, Alisha Kelsay
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Aggression can be present in students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and may need to be considered within academic environments. Interventions that are evidence-based have been identified to assist educators with issues with aggression in students with ASD. This review of evidence-based interventions highlights the effectiveness and social validity within educational settings that may be useful to instructors and other educational staff. Teachers need to be equipped with interventions that are considered to be effective and easy to implement within the school system. The literature available about the evidence based interventions for students with ASD are limited when the …
Preschool Self-Regulation: A Predictor Of School Readiness, Romin Emmanuel Geiger
Preschool Self-Regulation: A Predictor Of School Readiness, Romin Emmanuel Geiger
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Substantial evidence from previous research has supported the idea that greater self-regulation in the form of “cool” self-regulation or executive functioning and “hot” self-regulation or effortful control is associated with higher academic achievement within the preschool years and school readiness in the kindergarten years (Anaya, 2016; Carlson, 2005). However, there are only a few studies that assess the prediction of school readiness through validated cool and hot self-regulation tasks (Carlson, 2005; Krain, Wilson, Arbuckle, Kastellanos, & Wilham, 2006; Rothbart, Ellis, Rueda, & Posner, 2003; Thompson & Giedd, 2000). There also few studies examining to what extent cool and hot-self-regulation tasks …
The Impact Of Musical Components On Retrieval Performance, Adkins Franklin Dane
The Impact Of Musical Components On Retrieval Performance, Adkins Franklin Dane
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Many students claim that they can study well while listening to music (Anderson & Fuller, 2010; Patton, Stinard, & Routh, 1983), but how does listening to music affect students’ ability to encode and recall studied information? Previous research on background music and attention has revealed mixed results, with some studies indicating that background music can help reduce inattentional blindness (Beanland, Allen, & Pammer, 2011), while others suggest that music may hinder the attention of the listener (by Shih, Huang, & Chaing, 2012). Additionally, individual differences in working memory capacity impact one’s ability to store and retrieve information, as well as …
Effects Of Self-Affirmation On Anti-Terror Related Worldview Defense Following Mortality Salience, Haley Jewel Ramsey
Effects Of Self-Affirmation On Anti-Terror Related Worldview Defense Following Mortality Salience, Haley Jewel Ramsey
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Previous research has demonstrated that self-affirmation via values affirmations seem to buffer the self against perceived threats (Steele, 1988). An example of such a threat is opposing worldviews regarding civil liberties in counterterrorism policies. The present study uses the threat of worldview opposition in regards to counterterrorism policies in conjunction with an experimental induction of mortality salience to explore whether self-affirmation can attenuate increases in worldview defense following mortality salience. It was hypothesized that mortality salience would increase worldview defense, but that self-affirmation would decrease worldview defense following exposure to a worldview threat. When extremity of attitudes toward civil liberties …
Effects Of Aging And Reward Motivation On Non-Verbal Recognition Memory, Meagan D. Luttrell
Effects Of Aging And Reward Motivation On Non-Verbal Recognition Memory, Meagan D. Luttrell
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
There is a long history of research on the effects of reward motivation on memory, but there are still questions concerning how such motivational variables affect memory. In a study that examined the influence of reward anticipation on episodic memory, Adcock, Thangavel, Whitfield-Gabireli, Knutson, and Gabrieli (2006) found that memory was better for scenes preceded by high value reward cues than low value cues (see also Cushman, 2012; Spaniol, Schain, & Bowen, 2013). More recently, Castel, Murayama, Friedman, McGillivray, & Link (2013) observed that anticipation of reward influences selective attention to “to be remembered” (TBR) words and the memories that …
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Summer 2016), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Summer 2016), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
Understanding Posttraumatic Stress And Academic Achievement: Exploring Attentional Control, Self-Efficacy, And Coping Among College Students, Ashley M. Cantrell
Understanding Posttraumatic Stress And Academic Achievement: Exploring Attentional Control, Self-Efficacy, And Coping Among College Students, Ashley M. Cantrell
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The present study examined differences in attentional control, attentional control self-efficacy, and coping as self-regulatory mechanisms among students with varying grade point averages (GPA) who experience posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Subjects included 58 college students from one large comprehensive university in the Mid-South who met the criteria for diagnosis of PTSS based on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Three groups were created based on college GPA and graduation requirements at the university (at-risk for graduation, on-track for graduation, and ontrack for graduating with honors). Participants completed a survey that included demographics and measures of PTSS, attentional control, attentional control …
Self-Regulation In Preschoolers: Validity Of Hot And Cool Tasks As Predictive Measures Of Academic And Socio-Emotional Aspects Of School Readiness, Berenice Anaya
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Extensive research on the development of self-regulation has demonstrated that better executive functioning and effortful control during the preschool years are associated with greater kindergarten and early school achievement. Recent findings suggest that self-regulation tasks differ in their assessment of “hot” and “cool” regulation, how these processes map onto effortful control and executive functioning, and may predict school readiness. However, only a few studies have examined the validity of hot and cool regulation tasks (Allan & Lonigan, 2014; Di Norcia, Pecora, Bombi, Baumgartner, & Laghi, 2015; Willoughby, Kupersmidt, Voegler-Lee, & Bryant, 2011), and how they predict socio-emotional competence (Di Norcia …
Effects Of Age, Task Type, And Information Load On Discrimination Learning, Morgan E. Brown
Effects Of Age, Task Type, And Information Load On Discrimination Learning, Morgan E. Brown
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The feature positive effect (FPE) is a phenomenon in discrimination learning by which learning occurs more quickly when the presence (Feature positive; FP), rather than absence (Feature negative; FN) of a stimulus indicates a response should be made. Although the FPE has been extensively corroborated, a reversal, or feature negative effect (FNE), has been found when a target stimulus comes from a smaller set of stimuli (Fiedler, Eckert, & Poysiak, 1988). Age differences in FP and FN learning indicate that older adults perform more poorly than young adults on both FP and FN tasks, and are likely related to decline …
The Consistency Of Ratings On The Cab-T Executive Functioning Scale As Compared To The Brief, Briese C. Chapman
The Consistency Of Ratings On The Cab-T Executive Functioning Scale As Compared To The Brief, Briese C. Chapman
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Executive functioning is an umbrella term used to describe abilities that include self-monitoring, goal-setting, planning, organization, attention, and working memory. Broadband behavior rating scales are commonly used by school psychologists and the instruments often now include an executive functioning scale. It is unknown, however, how these scales, based on a few items, compare to more extensive rating scales that solely measure executive functioning. The current study examined the overall consistency between the executive functioning scale on one broadband instrument to another instrument that assesses multiple areas of executive functioning by having teachers complete both instruments at the same point in …
Optimal Motivation And Cognitive Load For Enhanced Math Performance, Manooch S. Saeedi
Optimal Motivation And Cognitive Load For Enhanced Math Performance, Manooch S. Saeedi
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Educational research has a long history of investigating factors that are linked to improved academic performance. Here I examined research on three factors that impact academic performance—working memory (WM), cognitive load, and motivation. Although each of these factors were known to impact academic performance, there were no studies that examined the combined effect of these three factors on performance. The current study attempted to examine the potential connections between these factors, and their collective impact on strategies for learning in the context of math performance. Experiment 1 tested the impact of WM, cognitive load, and motivation for a math task …
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Spring 2016), Cheryl Stevens, Dean, Ogden College Of Science & Engineering
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Spring 2016), Cheryl Stevens, Dean, Ogden College Of Science & Engineering
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Fall 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Fall 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
Motivational Differences In Why Sports Fans Attend Minor League Baseball And Roller Derby Events, Anissa S. Pugh
Motivational Differences In Why Sports Fans Attend Minor League Baseball And Roller Derby Events, Anissa S. Pugh
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The aim of the current study was to examine the differences in sport fan motivation factors between mainstream (Minor League baseball) and atypical (roller derby) fans. Eighty-one fans (40 Minor League baseball and 41 roller derby) completed an 8 question demographic survey, a 26-item Sport Fan Motivation Scale, a 7-item Sport Spectator Identification Scale, and a 10-item Sport Fan Exploratory Curiosity Scale. It was believed that fans of Minor League baseball would be more motivated by the entertainment factor than roller derby fans. While roller derby fans would be more motivated by eustress, group affiliation and family factors at the …
The Effects Of Aging On Associative Learning And Memory Retrieval In Causal Judgment, Jessica Parks Arnold
The Effects Of Aging On Associative Learning And Memory Retrieval In Causal Judgment, Jessica Parks Arnold
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Research has shown that detecting and judging causal relationships requires associative learning and memory. Retrospective revaluation of causal cues requires associative memory (Aitken, Larkin, & Dickinson, 2001) to bind multiple cues together and use these associations to retrieve unseen cues for revaluation of their associative value. The difficulty that older adults experience with respect to retrospective revaluation could occur because of their deficit in associative binding and retrieval (Mutter, Atchley, & Plumlee, 2012). Like retrospective revaluation, blocking requires cue – outcome associative learning, but unlike retrospective revaluation, blocking does not require binding two cues together nor does it require using …
Examining The Relationship Between Functions Of Self-Directed Violence And The Suicide Implicit Association Test, Cody D. Haynes
Examining The Relationship Between Functions Of Self-Directed Violence And The Suicide Implicit Association Test, Cody D. Haynes
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Suicide and non-suicidal self-injury are concerning and prevalent phenomena in the United States; as a result, much research has been undertaken in order to investigate these topics (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015a). Although the exploration of risk factors is a common approach, other novel approaches have been developed in order to better understand self-directed violence (Klonsky & May, 2013). One of these is a focus on functions served by these behaviors, which is theorized to contribute to grasping their etiologies and help provide effective treatment (Glenn & Klonsky, 2011). Another approach is investigating implicit cognition and selfassociations’ influences …
The Relationship Between Bilingualism, Cognitive Control, And Mind Wandering, Leah J. Shulley
The Relationship Between Bilingualism, Cognitive Control, And Mind Wandering, Leah J. Shulley
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The unique linguistic experience of bilingualism purportedly produces cognitive control advantages. Although there is a significant body of evidence supporting this view, there are also several recently published research studies that failed to replicate bilingual advantages. Furthermore, there is some evidence of a publication bias that favors findings supporting a bilingual advantage. The purpose of this study was to address this discrepancy in the literature by examining performance of bilinguals and monolinguals on a variety of cognitive control tasks. A second purpose was to determine how bilinguals are able to achieve better performance if they do indeed have an advantage. …
Age Differences In The Impact Of Emotional Cues On Subsequent Target Detection, Brandon Wade Coffey
Age Differences In The Impact Of Emotional Cues On Subsequent Target Detection, Brandon Wade Coffey
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Emotional cues within the environment capture our attention and influence how we perceive our surroundings. Past research has shown that emotional cues presented before the detection of a perceptual gap can actually impair the perception of elementary visual features (e.g., the lack of detail creating a spatial gap) while simultaneously improving the perception of fast temporal features of vision (e.g., the rapid onset, offset, and re-emergence of a stimulus). This effect has been attributed to amygdalar enhancements of visual inputs conveying emotional features along magnocellular channels. The current study compared participants’ ability to detect spatial and temporal gaps in simple …
Factors Affecting Academic Procrastination, John Paul Reynolds
Factors Affecting Academic Procrastination, John Paul Reynolds
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
This study sought to understand the relationships among locus of control, parenting style, academic procrastination, and financial independence with a population of undergraduate students. A sample of 61 students (39 females, 21 males, 1 other) completed measures of demographics, locus of control, parenting style, and academic procrastination. Participants were recruited within the last two weeks of the semester. Therefore, the sample probably contained a higher percentage of procrastinators than the general population. There were no significant correlations across the total sample. There was a significant positive correlation between higher scores on the Parental Authority Questionnaire authoritative scale and the Procrastination …
The Electrophysiology Of Written Informal Language, Taylor S. Blaetz
The Electrophysiology Of Written Informal Language, Taylor S. Blaetz
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Language is an essential component of human behavior. It is ubiquitous, but more importantly, it is malleable and it is constantly changing. Part of the dynamic nature of informal communication is the introduction and adoption of new linguistic elements. Online communication provides a window into this informal public discourse; therefore, it may be useful for testing hypotheses about the processes underlying the acquisition and use of new words. The comprehension of informal language may lead to an understanding of how these new informal words are integrated into our mental lexicon. The current study was an electroencephalographic (EEG) investigation of the …
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Summer 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Summer 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Forewarning On Suggestibility: Does It Depend On Working Memory Capacity?, William Barrett Corley
The Effect Of Forewarning On Suggestibility: Does It Depend On Working Memory Capacity?, William Barrett Corley
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Suggestibility occurs when inaccurate information is incorporated into currently existing memories. The present study examined the effect of forewarning on suggestibility, including the influence of working memory capacity (WMC). The main hypotheses are that forewarnings will reduce suggestibility compared to the control group and that high-WMC will yield lower suggestibility compared to medium- and low-WMC. The final hypothesis is that WMC and forewarning will interact such that low-WMC individuals will benefit more than high-WMC individuals from the forewarning. A sample of 123 college students was recruited. Participants watched a clip of the TV-show 24. WMC was then assessed followed by …
Further Evaluating The Effect Of Behavioral Observability And Overall Impressions On Rater Agreement: A Replication Study, Patrick Sizemore
Further Evaluating The Effect Of Behavioral Observability And Overall Impressions On Rater Agreement: A Replication Study, Patrick Sizemore
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
This replication study sought to analyze the effects of behavioral observability and overall impressions on rater agreement, as recently examined by Roch, Paquin, & Littlejohn (2009) and Scott (2012). Results from the study performed by Roch et al. indicated that raters are more likely to agree when items are either more difficult to rate or less observable. In the replication study conducted by Scott, the results did not support the relationship which Roch et al. found between observability and rater agreement, but did support the relationship previously found between item difficulty and rater agreement. The four objectives of this replication …
The Effects Of Anticipated Feedback Proximity On Performance: Exploring The Moderating Role Of Self-Efficacy And Task Type, Xingya Xu
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The present study investigated the effect of anticipated feedback proximity (immediately after completing the task or one week later) on performance and the moderating role of self-efficacy and task types (analytical or creative). I hypothesized that expecting rapid feedback should yield better performance than expecting delayed feedback, for people with high self-efficacy or those who receive analytical tasks. For those who receive creative tasks or have low self-efficacy, expecting rapid feedback may produce negative impact on performance. The results indicated a trend of main effect of anticipated feedback proximity. Specifically, participants performed better when they expected immediate feedback relative to …
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Spring 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Spring 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Winter 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Winter 2015), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Fall 2014), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Fall 2014), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
[Sabbatical Report], Steven Haggbloom
[Sabbatical Report], Steven Haggbloom
Sabbatical Reports
The purpose of my sabbatical leave was to develop an independent research program I could implement upon returning to full-time faculty status beginning in the fall 2014 semester after a nearly 12-year term as department head. My intent was to develop a research program that would utilize the University's recently acquired EEG/ERP equipment to explore neural correlates of reward based and error driven learning.
Adolescent Perceptions Of Risk-Taking Behaviors, Susan Matthews
Adolescent Perceptions Of Risk-Taking Behaviors, Susan Matthews
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Adolescents often make adult decisions regarding their lifestyle and behavior with little support from their family and community. In this study the researcher examined the difference in risk-taking behaviors between genders and the role that families and communities play in reducing risk-taking behaviors. In the study I further analyzed self-reports of numbers of development assets those students reporting participation in high-risk behaviors. Method: Data were obtained from a sample of convenience of (N=82) 12th grade students. Behaviors and attitudes were examined using the Search Institute’s Profiles of Student Life survey. Results: Chi square was used to test for significant …