Legal Studies Commons^™

The Effectiveness Of Canines In Law Enforcement, Shelly Stroud, Riley Kaufmann

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Police K-9s play a multifaceted role in policing including crime control and public relations.The advent of these police specialty units coincided with the movement to professionalize policing and have been used to aid law enforcement since the start of the 20th century.

We will demonstrate the role of a working K-9 and the many different areas that are covered in law enforcement such as: bite, detection, narcotics, firearms, explosives, and technology. We will examine the role of the K-9 handler and the impact of their relationship with their k-9 and how this bond influences the effectiveness of law enforcement tasks.

Searching Govinfo.Gov/, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

This U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO) database provides access to information legal, legislative, and regulatory information produced on multiple subjects by the U.S. Government. Content includes congressional bills, congressional committee hearings and prints (studies), reports on legislation, the text of laws, regulations, and executive orders and multiple U.S. Government information resources covering subjects from accounting to zoology.

The Role Of U.S. Government Regulatioms, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Provides detailed coverage of information resources on U.S. Government information resources for federal regulations. Features historical background on these regulations, details on the Federal Register and Code of Federal Regulations, includes information on individuals can participate in the federal regulatory process by commenting on proposed agency regulations via https://regulations.gov/, describes the role of presidential executive orders, refers to recent and upcoming U.S. Supreme Court cases involving federal regulations, and describes current congressional legislation seeking to give Congress greater involvement in the federal regulatory process.

Congressional Oversight Of U.S. Government Programs, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Provides detailed overview of how the U.S. Congress conducts oversight of federal agency programs. Contents include a letter from a member of Congress to an agency head concerning an environmental development in Indiana, information on the foundations of congressional oversight, details on how Congress may require agency reports on various subjects in public laws, an example of a congressionally mandated report by the Department of Defense, documentation of congressional funding of individual federal agencies, examples of congressional committee hearings, congressional committee issuance of oversight and investigative reports which may include dissenting opinions, Congressional Budget Office cost estimates on congressional committee …

U.S. Government Information Resources For Accountability On U.S. Assistance To Ukraine, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Provides detailed coverage of U.S. Government information resources documenting accountability for U.S. civilian and military assistance to Ukraine. Includes U.S. laws, agencies involved in U.S. arms export policy, Defense Department resources and data, Defense Dept. Inspector General reports, Government Accountability Office reports, congressional committee hearings, a letter from a congressional committee to the Secretaries of Defense and State and U.S. Agency for International Development administrator, congressional debate, and congressional recorded votes.

The Future Of Human Trafficking Legislation: A Policy Analysis, Zoe E. Hunt

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Current legislation and policies are not effective enough to fight human trafficking as it continues to change and evolve worldwide. Human trafficking is not just sex trafficking; labor trafficking, organ trafficking, people smuggling, and forced criminal activities. This evolving and changing global issue continues to grow into a highly profitable "business." Overseas, many countries struggle to handle this issue, and some countries do not handle it at all. The United States has a major human trafficking problem that will continue to worsen unless there is a change in the government. The U.S. Congress should be more focused on the growing …

Analyzing Insurgent Activity In The Cabo Delgado Province Of Mozambique, Alayna N. Stormer, Amanda Brotemarkle, Virginia Mcdaniel

Senior Honors Projects, 2020-current

Al-Sunna Wa Jama’a (ASWJ), a violent Islamic Insurgency within the Cabo Delgado province of Mozambique, is likely to continue to exercise control and pose a strategic threat to United States (US) interests and possessions in the region due to violence, various illegal activities, and exploitation of regional humanitarian crises. Based on trend analysis, it is likely that these activities will contribute to an overall continuation of ASWJ’s influence. We also considered the true ideological nature of ASWJ and whether or not they have ties to other well known terrorist organizations. We utilized two methods, indicator analysis and strategy assessment, our …

Bars To Bridges: Culturally Responsive Education Advocacy, Micaella Flores, Christine Otto

National Youth Advocacy and Resilience Conference

We'll explore tangible ways to advocate for BIPOC students who've experienced educational disruptions. We’ll discuss the methods and model The Bars to Bridges Program uses to successfully transition justice involved youth into their academic settings and maintain engagement in education.

Criminogenic Risk Factors And Mental Illness: An Examination Of The 2010 Kelly Elementary School Shooter, Brendan Liam O'Rourke, Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this presentation is to examine school violence perpetrator Mr. Brendan Liam O'Rourke and his involvement in the Kelly Elementary School playground shooting in Carlsbad, California, on October 8, 2010.

Most people suffering from mental illness are not violent, unless they are abusing substances or their mental illness is untreated (i.e., never diagnosed or not taking their medication because they do not think they need them, thus anosognosia).

This mentally ill offender, suffering from paranoid schizophrenia, will be examined through the lens of "8 Criminogenic Risk Factors". Relying upon the work of Andrews et al., Osher …

Impact Of Organizational Fairness On Ethical Policing In The Community, David Cepiel

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Since 2015, policing has suffered from negative publicity due to unfortunate and often deadly interactions between police officers and people of color. As a result of these sad events, various programs have been incorporated into many police departments to increase professionalism among officers. One such program focuses on increasing legitimacy by teaching procedural justice concepts to officers. This study examined the impacts of organizational fairness on officers from the perspective of procedural justice. Building on previous research, this study focused on the officers and sergeants employed in two small municipal police departments in the Midwestern United States. Ninety-eight participants from …

Pornography: Social, Emotional And Mental Implications Among Adolescents, William Kelly Canady

National Youth Advocacy and Resilience Conference

This presentation will explain the historical development of pornography. It will highlight four segments: 1- Porn’s impact on brain development of reward pathways, ultimately increasing the appetite for more porn. 2- Porn can be a false substitute for real intimacy, resulting in decreased sexual satisfaction with a real person and increased verbal and physical aggression. 3- Porn promotes sex trafficking, promotes multiple sex partners and reduced STD prevention. 4- A review of interventions available to assist clients in navigating a lifestyle away from pornography.

Satellite Sensory Mind Control Technology: An Examination Of The Kelly Elementary School Shooting (Carlsbad, California, October 8, 2010), Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•The increasing number of K-12 school violence incidents across the United States since the late 1990s seems to have only been mitigated in 2020 due to various “shelter in place” orders enacted since March requiring schools to switch to an “online format” in their teaching of students in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. •Although there have been actual “domestic acts of violence” witnessed by teachers in working with their students through online formats like Skype or Zoom. •Eventually, all students will return to the traditional classroom thus reviving the fears and concerns over violent attacks at and upon American schools. …

Congressional Committee Resources On Space Policy During The 115th Congress (2017-2018): Providing Context And Insight Into Us Government Space Policy, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Article 1 of the US Constitution assigns the US Congress numerous responsibilities. These include creating new laws, revising existing laws, funding government programs, and conducting oversight of these programs' performance. Oversight of US Government agency space policy programs is executed by various congressional space policy committees including the House and Senate Science Committees, Armed Services, and Appropriations Committees. These committees conduct many public hearings on space policy, which invite expert witnesses to testify on US space policy programs and feature debate on the strengths and weaknesses of these programs. Documentation produced by these committees is widely available to the public, …

Hong Kong, Alvaro Harrison Hucker '22, Blake Barth '22, Philip Yi '22

Student Leadership Exchange (SLX)

The relationship between China and Hong Kong has been very tense for years ever since Britain allowed Hong Kong to become for 50 years in 1997, before the region would have to officially return to China. Knowing that their 50 years of having a self-governing body will end in 2047, Hong Kong citizens are constantly afraid of their rights. Now to add to the tension, China attempted to pass the Extradition Bill, which would have any citizen of Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau who has committed a crime, be tried in China instead of where they live. This created an uproar …

The Impact Of Police Officer Age On Leadership And Workplace Preferences, Abigail H. Lauer

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Police departments are experiencing low levels of police applicants and high turnover rates due to the current climate of policing and internal and external stressors. Police department management desires to be proficient in recruiting and managing police officers of different generations who may have varying desires and needs. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the impact of generational differences on police officer leadership and workplace preferences in order to make recommendations to police department management about how to better engage, manage, recruit and retain police officers of different generations. The current study employed a quantitative design that …

Mi Casa No Es Tu Casa: Attitudes Of Rio Grande Valley Police Regarding Immigration And Crime, Catherine E. Burton, Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Extremism In Society, Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

K-12 School Killers Speak: A Qualitative Analysis Of Interviews, Surveys, Holiday Cards, And Conversations, Gordon A. Crews, Garrison A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•The purpose of this presentation is to offer: •Qualitative content analysis of various communications •interviews, surveys, holiday cards, and conversations •36 current/former incarcerated K-12 American school violence perpetrators •their views on the causes of K-12 school violence in the United States •Extremely candid and unique information •many freely offered insights as to their own involvement in incidents •analyzed using the qualitative data analysis software package NVivo 12 •Coding categories and themes •analytical units/categories •relationship between teachers and students •personal views on such violence (placing of blame/lack of personal guilt) •causes of violence (revenge, mistreatment, hopelessness, environment), and, possible solutions •Materials …

Socioeconomic Influences On Property Crime Rates: A Study In Virginia's Counties, Mary Passley

Student Scholar Showcase

Most research on factors and causes of crime, whether property or violent crime, focuses on individuals’ behavior or their surrounding environment. In this research, I explore the idea of socioeconomic factors correlated to property crime. I conducted a retrospective design to fully explore United States Census data and crime data gathered by the Bureau of Justice Statistics to discover statistically significant variables connected to property crime. Significant findings were shown by average people per house and retail sales per capita in all counties. Additional significant findings were percent employment change and percent with high school degree or higher in low …

Analyzing Somali Piracy Prosecutions, Molly Parent

SURE (Stonehill Undergraduate Research Experience)

•From 2001-2010 the number of piracy incidents spiked. Somali piracy differs from other forms of piracy because it has a distinct modus operandi. Whereas most piracy is theft, Somali attacks focus primarily on capturing vessels and holding them for ransom. •The vessel attacks occur primarily in the high seas, outside the territorial jurisdiction of any one nation. Therefore, Somali piracy cases have been heard in various courts around the world. Many cases have been prosecuted in Kenya, Seychelles, the Netherlands, as well as many other countries around the world. •This analysis examines the nature of these prosecutions, and whether there …

Three Strikes Law: Penal Extremism And Draconian Rhetoric, Marcelo Swofford

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

In our modern political history, there has been a separation between the two main political parties, the Democrats and Republicans, on virtually every major issue that has surfaced in our society aside from incarceration, which was emphasized by Democrat Bill Clinton’s introduction of the Three Strikes Law at the beginning of his term in 1994. The logistics of the Three Strikes Law are that once a criminal has been convicted of two violent/serious crimes, once they are convicted of a third felony then they will be sentenced to anything between a 25 year sentence and life sentence; the Three Strikes …

The Power And The Passion: Using Pop Culture To Teach Concepts Of Criminal Justice And Criminology, Garrison A. Crews, Gordon A. Crews, Catherine E. Burton

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•Use of familiar/interesting entertainment + to discuss potentially difficult content = more engaged students/ better retention •The focus of this example is teaching the various types of power relationships that exist between individuals and law enforcement/correctional agencies, society, and criminal enterprises •Specifically, the use of “The Wire” and “Oz”, widely known television storylines (police/corrections)

Gooble, Gobble, We Accept Her, We Accept Her, One Of Us, One Of Us: An Examination Of The Views Of Self For Incarcerated School Violence Perpetrators, Gordon A. Crews, Garrison A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•Examination of the views of self of 36 incarcerated school violence perpetrators who committed acts of violence in U.S. K-12 schools between 1979 and 2011 •These views were collected from a projective technique style survey instrument and personal interviews •This includes views of self before, during, and after their violent act(s) •Analytical units/categories discovered: •Relationship between teachers and students •Personal views on such violence (placing of blame/lack of personal guilt) •Causes of violence (revenge, mistreatment, hopelessness, environment) •Findings presented through 4 newly developed typologies of school violence perpetrators: •Traditional •Gang Related •Associated •Non-Associated

The American Gun Culture: Potential Impact On K-12 School Violence, Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•Many insist on combining all types of school shootings/violence saying they are the same, but: •This could not be further from the truth when examining K-12 school violence historically in the United States •Public mass shootings, university shootings, international shootings, and K-12 school shootings are not the same •They have different catalysts, motivations, types of occurrence, and offenders

School Killers Speak: A Qualitative Content Analysis Of School Violence Perpetrators Comments, Gordon A. Crews, Catherine E. Burton, Garrison A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•A Qualitative Content Analysis (Summative Content Analysis) •various communications (interviews, surveys, holiday cards, and conversations) between the authors and 28 currently incarcerated school violence perpetrators as to their views on the causes of K-12 school violence in America •Extremely Candid and Unique Information •many involved freely offered insights as to their own involvement in incidents •Analytical Units/Categories Discovered •relationship between teachers and students •personal views on such violence (placing of blame/lack of personal guilt) •causes of violence (revenge, mistreatment, hopelessness, environment) •possible solutions

Reintegrating Returning Citizens In Kentucky, Anna Reeves

Posters-at-the-Capitol

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the rehabilitation of ex-offenders and the impact that rehabilitation has on recidivism rates. Recidivism of general offenders and drug offenders in both the U. S. and Kentucky will be addressed. Next, the paper will explore the program that Mission Behind Bars and Beyond facilitates, the Nurture Support and Accountability Group (NSAG), and give details about NSAG’s mission and how it assists ex-offenders with reentry from incarceration back into our communities. Ryan Rivard, an ex-offender, is currently a core member of the NSAG group at Eastern Kentucky University. His progress since he has …

Body-Worn Cameras And Civilian Policy Oversight: A Camden Case Study (Presentation Slides From Nacole Symposium 2016 Held At John Jay College), Maria Ponomarenko, Barry Friedmann

Publications and Research

Throughout its Final Report, the Presidential Task Force on 21st Century Policing repeatedly called for a new form of civilian oversight: for police departments to involve community members in the process of developing and reviewing department policies on a variety of topics from use of new technologies to police training. The Task Force stressed that this sort of engagement is essential to promoting external legitimacy and building trust between policing agencies and the communities they serve. Yet as a number of police officials have acknowledged, community engagement around matters of policy raises a number of difficult questions—and there are few …

The Death Row Cookbook: An Examination Of Hustling As A Coping Mechanism For Death Row Prisoners, Gordon A. Crews, Stephen C. Stanko, Garrison A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•Discuss a project examining the coping mechanisms and strategies of death row prisoners •Extensive research = humans imprisoned in general •Less research = individuals on death rows •Focus = “hustling” as a coping mechanism (inmates/COs) •Special interest = how food production (cooking ingenuity) in one’s cell can be used for both a coping mechanism and a revenue stream •Final consideration will be given to the impact on the “well-being” of inmates, security, and the prison environment

All School Shooters Are Not Created Equal: Identifying New Typologies Of K-12 School Violence Perpetrators, Gordon A. Crews, Garrison A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

The focus will be to argue new typologies for K-12 School Violence Perpetrators and suggestions for improving responses to school violence in general.

When It Gets Gangsta: Using Gangsta Rap To Examine Various Conflicts In Criminal Justice Education, Gordon A. Crews, Garrison A. Crews, Paige A. Heinrich, Sara K. Green

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

•The purpose of this paper/presentation is to use Gangsta Rap lifestyle and lyrics to examine/explain various types of universities, faculty, staff, administrators, and students •They will also be used to place various departmental/college conflicts in a “proper perspective” for new faculty members