Development Studies Commons^™

Gender Differences In Youth’S Mental Health Problems During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kimberly A. Hohlfeld

Honors Capstones

The purpose of this research paper is to examine whether young girls were more likely to experience depression and anxiety symptoms than young boys during the COVID-19 pandemic at two time points, in April of 2020 and May of 2020. An additional hypothesis that was examined was whether the presence of siblings in the home moderated the association between gender and depression and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. T-tests were used to analyze the mean differences in youth mental health symptoms based on gender. Young girls were found to experience significantly higher anxiety symptoms in May of 2020 than …

Exploring The Impact Of Extracurricular Activities On Adolescent Development: A Study Of Students Attending Schools In Poverty And Non-Poverty Areas, Clifton B. Thames

Theses and Dissertations

Previous literature has indicated a relationship between poverty, participation in extracurricular activities, and developmental outcomes. The current study aimed to investigate and develop a deeper understanding of extracurricular activities (ECAs) and their impacts on adolescent development using two self-report tools, the YES 2.0 and the Delinquent Attitude Scale (DAS). The researcher surveyed 174 high school seniors from students attending schools in poverty areas and students attending schools not located in poverty areas in Mississippi, examining disparities in ECA opportunities, barriers to participation, and the positive and negative impacts of ECAs on development. Additional data were collected from school administrators, allowing …

A Thematic Analysis Of Religious Identity And Volunteer Motivation Among Emerging Adult Members Of The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints, Jennifer R. Smith

Theses and Dissertations

This study sought insight into the religious and cultural identity of emerging adults belonging to the Church of Jesus Christ of latter-day Saints(LDS) and the impact such identity had in relation to volunteering motivation. Participants included 24 emerging adult college students belonging to the Church. Thematic analysis was used to determine influencing factors that led to Church membership and how Church membership shaped self-perception. Participants shared volunteer experiences and motivation to volunteer in relation to Deci and Ryan’s (2000) self-determination theory (SDT) was examined. The motivation of relatedness was identified among 100% of participants as compared to competence (37.5%) and …

Current And Future Perceived Needs And Concerns For Older Adults Aging In Place In Mississippi: Intergenerational Perspectives, Muhammad Riaz

Theses and Dissertations

The study's purpose was to identify the perceived needs and concerns of three generations in a family with an older adult aging in place in Mississippi. This mixed-methods study used snowball sampling in addition to recruitment by community leaders such as Extension agents to collect data through semi-structured interviews and structured questionnaires that asked about current and future problems among aging adults in rural communities in Mississippi. Three generations of Mississippians participated in the study, including older adults (G1; n = 22), adult children (G2; n = 23), and young adult grandchildren (G3; n = 19). Quantitative data were analyzed …

Assessing The Sustainable Development Dimensions Of Environmental Public Policies For Protected Natural Areas In Mexico: A 1970-2018 Perspective, Cielo María Ávila López, José Israel Herrera

Journal of Maya Heritage

Abstract: This abstract discusses the challenges and issues related to the implementation of Environmental Public Policies (EPP) for Protected Natural Areas (PNA) in Mexico from 1970 to 2018. EPPs aim to achieve sustainable development by balancing economic, environmental, and social dimensions while reconciling conservation and the use of natural resources with restrictions on their use and economic compensation to communities. However, the results of this study reveal that the establishment of PNA has been unilateral and without consensus, leading to limitations on communities' use of the environment without granting them economic compensation or productive alternatives. This has resulted in conflicts …

Repeated Treatment With 5-Ht1a And 5-Ht1b Receptor Agonists: Evidence Of Tolerance And Behavioral Sensitization, Jordan Taylor

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Serotonin has been found to regulate several cognitive and physiological functions, and its role in depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders has been a focus of research. More specifically, a wealth of research regarding serotonin focuses on serotonergic medications in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, and stimulates the 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_1B receptors. Within the last decade, there has been an increase in prescriptions of psychotropic medication for children, however, the efficacy and adverse effects of these drugs have not been evaluated in younger populations. While antidepressants reduce symptoms of depression in adults, they are …

Developing Healthy Relationships, Ellie Quintana

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The youth population in the public school system in San Benito County are involved in an increasing number of unhealthy relationships. The Youth Alliance is a non-profit organization located in Hollister, CA. Their mission is to provide innovative and culturally relevant services that strengthen and enrich youth, families and the community. This agency is working together with the elementary, middle and high schools within San Benito County to help support young men and women to create and maintain healthy relationships. The Healthy Relationships Workshop is a workshop-based group held for youth 12 and older at Rancho San Justo Middle School …

Sustainable Energy Distribution Methods At The Azraq And Za’Atari Refugee Camps In Jordan: A Refugee Perspective, Lucie Lagodich

Capstone Collection

The looming climate change crisis requires research and development of mitigation strategies to protect those most vulnerable. This study uses semi-structured interviews to capture the refugee perspective of the successes and shortcomings of large-scale solar farm projects installed at the Azraq and Za’atari Syrian refugee camps in the west and north of Jordan, respectively. These perspectives may be utilized to improve each camp's current renewable energy distribution system. Results suggest that at both camps the current renewable energy systems are deeply flawed with limited hours with rampant distrust among camp residents in the management of the solar farms. Most refugees …

Megaproyectos Y Su Impacto En Derechos Humanos En Una Comunidad De Origen Maya: Yaxhá, Yucatán, México., Gonzalo Manuel Herrera Canché

Journal of Maya Heritage

Abstract: The current development of extractive megaprojects in Latin American countries has had a significant impact on their societies and environments. This research addresses the issue of the impacts of extractive agricultural megaprojects on the environment, society and the economy, specifically the case of a pig farm in the community of Yaxhá, located in the municipality of Muna, Yucatán. The identified impacts are mainly attributed to the lack of strong and committed political institutions, lax environmental legislation, and the absence of an operating system, which facilitates human rights violations related to the environment, society, and access to information. In this …

How To Bypass Middle-Technology Trap: Lessons From Successful Experience Of East Asian Economies, Ge Lai, Zilan Huang, Haoyan Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the second half of the 20th century, a few East Asian economies successfully bypassed the middle-technology trap through technological progress and industrial upgrading. How could these economies utilize foreign technology, thereby catching up with and surpassing the medium level of technological development, stepping into the edge of technological frontier? Their successful experience can be used by China to stride over the trap. This study analyzes the common elements of the success of these economies from both external and internal aspects. Externally, these economies happened to be benefited from an international business environment that is open and free. Consequently, the …

How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?, Yongnian Zheng, Lanmeng Xu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As the main body of a country’s economic activities, enterprises play an important role in transforming basic scientific research into applied technology to achieve technological upgrading of national industries. It is crucial to explore how Chinese enterprises can achieve rapid technological upgrading and industrial transformation in order to realize the transition from quantitative economic development to high-quality economic development. It is worth noting that in key technological fields such as chips, precision manufacturing, medical devices, and artificial intelligence, core technologies are still firmly controlled by enterprises in developed countries such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and South Korea. Currently, …

Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands, Dongni He, Da Yi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Building regional scientific and technological innovation highlands is an important solution to the problem of the middle-technology trap. Scientific and technological innovation highlands play significant roles on and carry out major tasks such as breaking through original technological innovation barriers, facilitating efficient conversion of scientific and technological fruits, attracting and gathering global high-end innovation factors, and creating an open and competitive innovation ecosystem. They serve as leaders, pioneers, and experimental fields in promoting the country to transcend the middle-technology trap. In this regard, this study attempts to review and summarize relevant literature on regional innovation systems, elucidate the role of …

Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System, Lu Chen, Ping Huang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Through an analysis of the scientific research institution and R&D system of three typical models in the United States, Germany, and Japan, this study summarizes six common characteristics of the scientific research institution and R&D system. Based on this, it analyzes the current status and issues of China’s scientific research institution and R&D system. Finally, this study proposes the establishment of a dual-track scientific research institution and R&D system. On the one hand, it suggests creating a new track of R&D policies aimed at the private sector to address questions like why innovate, where to innovate, and how to innovate …

How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?, Yongnian Zheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No matter from the perspective of supply chain, industrial chain or value chain, China’s current technology is generally at a middle-technology level. The status quo of Chinese technological development has the following three characteristics. First, there is a lack of original technology, which means technological creation from “0 to 1”. Second, technological development is mainly applied technology. If we measure China’s level of applied technology development from “1 to 10”, China is in the position of “4 to 7” on the scale of “1 to 10”, but lacks the technical level of “8 to 10”. In other words, China’s applied …

Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status, Ge Lai, Bo Meng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

After years of development, it is evident that China’s manufacturing industry has been seen a significant improvement in its scale and coverage. However, it has still not broken free from the dilemma of being big but not strong, comprehensive but not excellent. This phenomenon has garnered extensive attention from both the academic and policy communities. This study contends that technological progress is the core of high-quality development in the manufacturing industry. Through empirical research, it is discovered that for latecomer countries in the early stages of economic development, achieving economic growth and income improvement through technology imitation is relatively feasible. …

How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?, Randong Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

A major pillar of the new innovation-driven three-pronged development model is pure basic research. With the development of an innovation-driven economy, pure basic research has become increasingly important in promoting scientific and technological progress. In the past few decades, China has made a lot of progress in pure basic research. However, in the new three-pronged development model consisting of the pure basic research system, the applied technology system and the financial support system, pure basic research is generally where China’s weakness lies. This study proposes that in order to comprehensively improve China’s pure basic research capabilities, we must first clarify …

How To Improve Application Technology System?, Han Jiang, Weichuang Fang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

One of the ways to break through the middle-technology trap is to require enterprises or institutions to transform basic scientific research into applied technology, which cannot be separated from the support of application technology systems. It has proven that a perfect application technology system is conducive to enhancing the country’s scientific and technological strength. China’s technological innovation has a clear application orientation, nevertheless, there are still some shortcomings in the application technology system. The constraints of traditional institutional mechanisms still exist, the contradiction between planned and market economic measures has not been completely resolved; research and application are relatively independent, …

Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China, Randong Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

One of the conditions for breaking through the middle-technology trap is that there are some companies or institutions that could transform basic research into applied technologies. The progress of applied technology, as well as the inventions and new products and services produced by the applied technology system, play an important role in increasing productivity, improving quality of life, and promoting social and economic development. Different from the situation in basic scientific research, China’s applied technology used to be among the most advanced in the world in history. It was not until the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century …

Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights, Xuanming Pan, Aiwen Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Innovation needs financial support. In the process of basic research and the transformation of applied technology, finance plays an important role. The risk appetite of the traditional financial system, however, fails to match with the financial demand of technology innovation. By contrast, venture capital fills the gaps in meeting the demand for funds, and simultaneously, plays the role of value discovery, guides the direction of research and development, and so on. In recent years, while China’s venture capital has developed rapidly, the venture capital system still needs to be improved. This study compares and analyzes the global representative models including …

How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?, Rui Tan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Due to China’s great attention to and strong support for the chip industry, China’s chip technology level has made considerable progress. Nevertheless, compared with the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and other countries, there is still a big gap. Specially, in the high-end chip product market, the scenario that China is subject to others has not been fundamentally changed. This study finds that to solve the stuck neck problem of China’s chip industry, it is needed to analyze internal institutional factors. China’s chip technology progress requires joint promotion from multiple actors, namely, government, enterprises, universities and research institutions to …

Destigmatizing Working With Dyslexic Learners, Riley N. Dandurand

Writing Center Journal

In the field of writing center research there is a paucity of information regarding tutoring students with dyslexia. This comes as no surprise considering it is only in the last 50 years that there has been a conscious effort to include those who have exceptionalities in all areas of education. In addition to a lack of research and training there is another issue that arises with disclosing exceptionalities. Those studying dyslexia have found that students are hesitant to disclose their learning disability because of the stigma and feelings of differentiation from their peers (Brizee et al., 2012). The question then …

Navigating Complexity Of Serving Displaced Communities: A Study Of Yemeni Community-Based Organizations In Egypt, Alya Mohammed Al-Mahdi

Theses and Dissertations

Forced displacement is a global crisis that poses challenges for nations like Egypt. Despite international NGO support, escalating displaced individuals have overwhelmed existing capacities. Refugee Community-Based Organizations (CBOs) have emerged as a natural response from the communities themselves to bridge the gap between the state and NGOs and the refugee community. However, CBOs in Egypt face challenges that impact their operation and continuity. Through qualitative research, this study aims to explore the experience of the Yemeni CBOs. Through interviews with seven people from six CBOs conducted through field visits and online calls, this research uncovers the dynamics of Yemeni CBOs …

Challenges Of Accessibility Of A Community Heritage Tourist Route: The Route Of The Caste War, Cecilia S. Medina Martín, David E. Tamayo Torres, Margarita De A Navarro Favela, Fredi R. Un Noh

Journal of Maya Heritage

This article presents the results of an accessibility analysis of The Caste War Route (RGC), prior to its commercialization as a community heritage product. The analysis consists of a diagnosis of the resource to establish destination-planning strategies. The accessibility diagnosis goes beyond adapting physical spaces for transit, considering that the resource is accessible to all types of people, including economic, spatial and temporal accessibility, criteria on which the research focuses.

The diagnosis was prepared through a multidisciplinary investigation that collected information from different sectors with qualitative and quantitative tools that combined the recording of data and the opinion of the …

Making Your Spring Break Sustainable: Can Tourism Be A Driver For Positive Environmental Change?, Katherine Ort

Journal of Maya Heritage

The Riviera Maya has undergone rapid development in the last few decades due to increased demand for tourism, putting pressure on surrounding ecosystems and cultural sites. As demand for tourism shows no signs of decreasing, there is an ever-increasing need for effective management solutions. The town of Puerto Morelos is striving to forward sustainable tourism based on its natural and cultural assets. As a new municipality, it has the chance to shape policy from a relatively blank canvas. This study involved collecting data about the different perspectives of key stakeholders through qualitative interviews and surveys to understand if the views …

Driving Logic, Critical Path And China’S Breakthrough In Building A World Power In Science And Technology—Based On Historical Survey Of Building A World Power In Science And Technology By Britain, Germany, And The United States, Qiang Bai

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Building a world science and technology powerhouse is China’s strategic development goal. Stones from other mountains can be used to attack jade, so as to deeply analyze the driving logic and key paths of Britain, Germany, and the United States in building a world science and technology powerhouse can gain insights from them, with important reference value for China. The investigation found that the establishment of a world science and technology powerhouse is the result of the combined action of six innovative driving logic: national policy innovation, education reform innovation, team building innovation, enterprise application innovation, independent technology innovation, and …

Strategy Choices Of Science And Technology Development Of China’S Industries Of Future, Kaihua Chen, Zhuo Feng, Jin Kang, Jie Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The industries of the future (IOF) that cater to the new demands and scenarios of economic society significantly rely on breakthroughs in disruptive cutting-edge technologies, therefore, it is crucial to study the demands of future industrial technology development and management in order to make strategic choices for technology. This study finds that the science and technology development of IOF impetus is reflected in three aspects: the supply of science and technology factors, the cultivation of science and technology scenarios, and the assurance of science and technology policies. The development direction depends on breakthroughs in emerging and significant frontier of science …

Evaluation Of Basic Research Institutions: Practice And Inspiration From Max Planck Society In Germany, Zhongcheng Guan, Xiaolei Chen, Teng Wang, Haijun Zheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Basic research institutions are a crucial component of China’s strategic scientific and technological strength. Efficient evaluation of their development status is an important part in improving China’s basic research level and achieving sci-tech selfreliance and self-strengthening at higher levels. Therefore, this study takes the top basic research institution the Max Planck Society as an example to explore the evaluation system constructed by it for its affiliated Max Planck Institutes. Firstly, the study summarizes the evaluation content and characteristics of different evaluation stages in the specific evaluation process of the Max Planck Society. Secondly, it compares and analyzes the key evaluation …

Decentralized Science (Desci): A New Paradigm For Diverse And Sustainable Scientific Development, Feiyue Wang, Wenwen Ding

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The rise of artificial intelligence for science (AI4S) has made it particularly important and urgent to ensure the openness, fairness, impartiality, diversity, and sustainability of scientific systems. This is significant to the discourse power and leadership of countries in global innovation and industrial revolution, and also affects the security, stability, and sustainable development of a community with a shared future for mankind. To address these challenges, AI4S needs to adopt new scientific organizational and operational methods. Decentralized science (DeSci) has emerged to vitalize AI4S and provide strong support, effectively addressing issues such as information silos, biases, unfair distribution, and monopolies …

Dynamic Mechanism Of Science Based Technological Innovation And Industrial Evolution—Take Semiconductor, Digital Computer And Radio Technologies As Examples, Yi Zhang, Qiang Yan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

By studying the technological innovation and industrial development process of semiconductor, digital computer and radio, this study analyzes the path, conditions and force of science-based technological innovation and its industrialization, establishes a chain reaction model of large-scale technological innovation and diffusion, and compares it with market-based technological innovation. It is found that the large-scale aggregation of scientific research institutions and industrial laboratories accelerates the speed of technological innovation, and diffuses along two paths of scientific research institutions to enterprises and enterprises to enterprises, forming a chain reaction of large-scale technological innovation. Strategic demand is the basic driving force for the …

International Relations From Below: Teaching Absences In International Relations, Tamara Soukotta

Feminist Pedagogy

For four years (2017-2022) I was part of a teaching team to teach the subject of International Relations (IR) to second-year Bachelor International Studies students. The course was structured to have twelve lectures; these lectures were to be delivered by the course leaders to an audience of 500-800 students. In addition to the lectures, students had four tutorial classes, where the rest of the teaching team worked with smaller groups of students (12-15 students in each group). These classes were designed to help the students link theories and practices. As a woman of colour teaching IR in a Dutch university, …