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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Independent Effects Of Local And Global Binocular Disparity On The Perceived Convexity Of Stereoscopically Presented Faces In Scenes, Harold Matthews, Harold Hill, Stephen Palmisano
Independent Effects Of Local And Global Binocular Disparity On The Perceived Convexity Of Stereoscopically Presented Faces In Scenes, Harold Matthews, Harold Hill, Stephen Palmisano
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
The Schizophrenia Susceptibility Gene Neuregulin 1 Modulates Tolerance To The Effects Of Canabinoids, Aurelie Boucher, Glenn E. Hunt, Jacques Micheau, Xu-Feng Huang, Iain Mcgregor, Tim Karl, Jonathon Arnold
The Schizophrenia Susceptibility Gene Neuregulin 1 Modulates Tolerance To The Effects Of Canabinoids, Aurelie Boucher, Glenn E. Hunt, Jacques Micheau, Xu-Feng Huang, Iain Mcgregor, Tim Karl, Jonathon Arnold
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Cannabis increases the risk of schizophrenia in genetically vulnerable individuals. In this study we aim to show that the schizophrenia susceptibility gene neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) modulates the development of tolerance to cannabinoids in mice. Nrg1 heterozygous (HET) and wild-type (WT) mice were treated daily for 15 d with the synthetic analogue of D9-tetrahydrocannabinol, CP55,940 (0.4 mg/kg). We measured the impact of this exposure on locomotor activity, anxiety, prepulse inhibition (PPI), body temperature and FosB/DFosB immunohistochemistry. Tolerance to CP55,940-induced hypothermia and locomotor suppression developed more rapidly in Nrg1 HET mice than WT mice. Conversely in the light-dark test, while tolerance to …
Effects Of Dairy Products On Crohn's Disease Symptoms Are Influenced By Fat Content And Disease Location But Not Lactose Content Or Disease Activity Status In A New Zealand Population, Deborah Nolan, Linda C. Tapsell, Rong Hu, Dug Yeo Han, Lynnette Ferguson
Effects Of Dairy Products On Crohn's Disease Symptoms Are Influenced By Fat Content And Disease Location But Not Lactose Content Or Disease Activity Status In A New Zealand Population, Deborah Nolan, Linda C. Tapsell, Rong Hu, Dug Yeo Han, Lynnette Ferguson
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background Dairy products have been perceived as having the potential to cause adverse effects in individuals with Crohn’s disease (CD) and are often avoided, potentially increasing the risk of osteoporosis and related morbidity associated with inadequate dietary calcium intake. Objective To evaluate the self-reported effects of dairy products on CD symptoms and to determine whether these effects differed between types of dairy products consumed and disease state or location. Design Secondary analysis of dietary survey and clinical data from participants in the Genes and Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease study based in Auckland, New Zealand. Subjects/setting One hundred and sixty-five …
Effects Of A Single Dose Of Exenatide On Appetite, Gut Hormones, And Glucose Homeostasis In Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome, Lisa Sze, Louise Purtell, Arthur Jenkins, Georgina Loughnan, Ellie Smith, Herbert Herzog, Amanda Sainsbury, Katharine Steinbeck, Lesley V. Campbell, Alexander Viardot
Effects Of A Single Dose Of Exenatide On Appetite, Gut Hormones, And Glucose Homeostasis In Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome, Lisa Sze, Louise Purtell, Arthur Jenkins, Georgina Loughnan, Ellie Smith, Herbert Herzog, Amanda Sainsbury, Katharine Steinbeck, Lesley V. Campbell, Alexander Viardot
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Context: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with hyperphagia and obesity, without effective pharmacological treatment. Exenatide, recently developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes, induces appetite suppression and weight loss with common side effects. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the initial safety and effectiveness of exenatide in adult PWS subjects compared with obese controls (OBESE). Design, Setting, Patients, and Intervention: Eight PWS and 11 OBESE patients underwent standardized meal studies after a single sc injection of 10 g exenatide or placebo in a single-blinded, crossover design. Main Outcome Measures: Glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, peptide YY (PYY; total)/PYY …
Specific Electromagnetic Effects Of Microwave Radiation On Escherichia Coli, Yury Shamis, Alex Taube, Natasa Mitik-Dineva, Rodney Croft, Russell J. Crawford, Elena P. Ivanova
Specific Electromagnetic Effects Of Microwave Radiation On Escherichia Coli, Yury Shamis, Alex Taube, Natasa Mitik-Dineva, Rodney Croft, Russell J. Crawford, Elena P. Ivanova
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The present study investigated the effects of microwave (MW) radiation on Escherichia coli applied under a sub-lethal temperature. The experiments were conducted at a frequency of 18 GHz and performed at a temperature below 40oC to avoid the thermal degradation of bacterial cells during exposure. The absorbed power was calculated to be 1500 kW/m3 and the electric field was determined to be 300 V/m. Both values were theoretically confirmed using CST Microwave Studio 3D Electromagnetic Simulation Software. As a negative control, E. coli cells were also thermally heated up to temperatures up to 40oC using Peltier Plate heating. Scanning Electron …
Face Viewpoint Effects About Three Axes: The Role Of Configural And Featural Processing, Simone K. Favelle, Stephen A. Palmisano, Georgina Avery
Face Viewpoint Effects About Three Axes: The Role Of Configural And Featural Processing, Simone K. Favelle, Stephen A. Palmisano, Georgina Avery
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
We directly compared recognition for faces following 0° – 75° viewpoint rotation about the yaw, pitch, and roll axes. The aim was to determine the extent to which configural and featural information supported face recognition following rotations about each of these axes. Experiment 1 showed that performance on a sequential-matching task was viewpoint-dependent for all three types of rotation. The best face-recognition accuracy and shortest reaction time was found for roll rotations, then for yaw rotations, and finally the worst accuracy and slowest reaction time was found for pitch rotations. Directional differences in recognition were found for pitch rotations, but …
Saving Lives Or Raising Revenue: Analysing Media Coverage Of The Alcopops Tax In Light Of The Evidence On Its Effects, Sandra C. Jones, Laura Robinson
Saving Lives Or Raising Revenue: Analysing Media Coverage Of The Alcopops Tax In Light Of The Evidence On Its Effects, Sandra C. Jones, Laura Robinson
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The Australian Government increased the tax on ready-to-drink (RTD) alcohol beverages in 2008, in order to address concerns about increasing alcohol consumption among young people. This decision resulted in significant debate and discussion in the media, and in academic circles. The aim of the current study was to examine media coverage of the debate – and particularly the arguments posed in favour of and against the tax – now that we have objective evidence of its impact. We find that business owners and industry groups were vocal in the media, raising a number of arguments in opposition to the tax; …
Cannabis And Cognition: Short- And Long-Term Effects, Nadia Solowij, Nicole Pesa
Cannabis And Cognition: Short- And Long-Term Effects, Nadia Solowij, Nicole Pesa
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Twenty years ago cannabis was generally perceived to be a benign drug with few significant adverse effects. As outlined elsewhere in this book, evidence has since mounted in the scientific literature for a range of harms associated with the use of cannabis, including the development of dependence and health-related harms (see also Hall and Solowij, 1998; Hall and Degenhardt, 2009). As the overall theme of this book indicates, an association between cannabis use and the development of psychotic symptoms or overt psychosis has grown to be recognized as a significant potential harm, and investigating the mechanisms by which cannabis may …
Effects Of 2g And 3g Mobile Phones On Performance And Electrophysiology In Adolescents, Young Adults And Older Adults, Shuk Man Sumie Leung, Rodney Croft, Raymond J. Mckenzie, Steve Iskra, Beata Silber, Nick Cooper, Barry O'Neill, Vanessa Cropley, Arnulfo Diaz-Trujillo, Denise Hamblin, David Simpson
Effects Of 2g And 3g Mobile Phones On Performance And Electrophysiology In Adolescents, Young Adults And Older Adults, Shuk Man Sumie Leung, Rodney Croft, Raymond J. Mckenzie, Steve Iskra, Beata Silber, Nick Cooper, Barry O'Neill, Vanessa Cropley, Arnulfo Diaz-Trujillo, Denise Hamblin, David Simpson
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Effects Of High And Low Breast Support On Breast Kinematics And Kinetics During Treadmill Running, Deirdre Mcghee, Julie R. Steele, William J. Zealey
Effects Of High And Low Breast Support On Breast Kinematics And Kinetics During Treadmill Running, Deirdre Mcghee, Julie R. Steele, William J. Zealey
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Results: The mean vertical component of the peak bra/breast spring force during treadmill running was greatest during the downward breast trajectory and was approximately 30% less in the high breast support condition (13 N ± 7 N) compared to the low support condition (17 N ± 10 N). This force reduction was accompanied by a 300% decrease in breast and bra discomfort. Conclusion: Wearing a well-fitted supportive sports bra is recommended for females with large breasts to reduce the breast forces and, in tum, exercise induced breast and bra discomfort during physical activity such as treadmill running.
Beat It: Diabetes Lifestyle And Physical Activity Program - The Effects And Affordability Of A 12-Week Community Based, Physical Activity Program For People With Or At Risk Of Diabetes, Bronwyn Penny, Joel Tuccia, Marc A. Brown
Beat It: Diabetes Lifestyle And Physical Activity Program - The Effects And Affordability Of A 12-Week Community Based, Physical Activity Program For People With Or At Risk Of Diabetes, Bronwyn Penny, Joel Tuccia, Marc A. Brown
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Short Term Effects Of Energy Restriction And Dietary Fat Sub-Type On Weight Loss And Disease Risk Factors, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka Batterham, Xu-Feng Huang, Sze Yen Tan, Grigorijs Teuss, Karen E. Charlton, Jane E. O'Shea, Eva M. Warensjo
Short Term Effects Of Energy Restriction And Dietary Fat Sub-Type On Weight Loss And Disease Risk Factors, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka Batterham, Xu-Feng Huang, Sze Yen Tan, Grigorijs Teuss, Karen E. Charlton, Jane E. O'Shea, Eva M. Warensjo
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background and aims: Decreasing energy intake relative to energy expenditure is the indisputable tenet of weight loss. In addition to caloric restriction modification of the type of dietary fat may provide further benefits. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of energy restriction alone and with dietary fat modification on weight loss and adiposity, as well as on risk factors for obesity related disease. Methods and results: One-hundred and fifty overweight men and women were randomized into a 3 month controlled trial with four low fat (30% energy) dietary arms: (1) isocaloric (LF); (2) isocaloric with …
Effects Of Simvastatin And 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesion On Histaminergic H1 Receptor Binding In Rat Brains, C H. Hu, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang, J Chen, Q Wang
Effects Of Simvastatin And 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesion On Histaminergic H1 Receptor Binding In Rat Brains, C H. Hu, C Deng, Xu-Feng Huang, J Chen, Q Wang
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Gaze On Vection From Jittering, Oscillating, And Purely Radial Optic Flow, Stephen A. Palmisano, Juno Kim
Effects Of Gaze On Vection From Jittering, Oscillating, And Purely Radial Optic Flow, Stephen A. Palmisano, Juno Kim
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In this study, we examined the effects of different gaze types (stationary fixation, directed looking, or gaze shifting) and gaze eccentricities (central or peripheral) on the vection induced by jittering, oscillating, and purely radial optic flow. Contrary to proposals of eccentricity independence for vection (e.g., Post, 1988), we found that peripheral directed looking improved vection and peripheral stationary fixation impaired vection induced by purely radial flow (relative to central gaze). Adding simulated horizontal or vertical viewpoint oscillation to radial flow always improved vection, irrespective of whether instructions were to fixate, or look at, the center or periphery of the self-motion …
The Effects Of Reason And Event Saliency On Health-Related Decisions, Lisa Woods, Amy Y. Chan
The Effects Of Reason And Event Saliency On Health-Related Decisions, Lisa Woods, Amy Y. Chan
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The current study examined how event saliency and reason for action influence the amount of regret anticipated about a foregone option, and on people‟s anticipated choice of behavior when they are confronted with a choice between two equally aversive options. The participants were 120 undergraduate psychology students. Participants who were prompted to imagine choosing to fulfill an internal desire instead of an internal obligation anticipated significantly more regret than those who were prompted to make the opposite choice. No significant differences in the amount of regret anticipated was found between participants who had to choose between two external obligations. Interestingly, …
Effects Of Ice Hockey Facial Protectors On The Response Time And Kinematics In Goal-Directed Tasks, P M. Dowler, D J. Pearsall, P J. Stapley
Effects Of Ice Hockey Facial Protectors On The Response Time And Kinematics In Goal-Directed Tasks, P M. Dowler, D J. Pearsall, P J. Stapley
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Ice hockey facial protectors are essential to prevent eye (and, in some cases, dental) injuries but must also not encumber vision and, in turn, playersapos; performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three different facial protection conditions on temporal and kinematic parameters in a goal-directed pointing task: helmet (control), visor, and cage. Start and end target switches captured temporal estimates (reaction time (RT), movement time, (MT), and response time (RT+MT)), while a 13-light target array and 6-camera Vicon Mx system were used to collect upper-body kinematics data (head and thorax orientation, shoulder and elbow joint …
Does The Prescriptive Lifestyle Of Seventh-Day Adventists Provide "Immunity" From The Secular Effects Of Changes In Bmi?, Lillian M. Kent, Anthony Worsley
Does The Prescriptive Lifestyle Of Seventh-Day Adventists Provide "Immunity" From The Secular Effects Of Changes In Bmi?, Lillian M. Kent, Anthony Worsley
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective: To examine the effect of Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) membership on ‘immunity’ to the secular effects of changes in BMI. Design: Three independent, cross-sectional, screening surveys conducted by Sydney Adventist Hospital in 1976, 1986 and 1988 and a survey conducted among residents of Melbourne in 2006. Subjects: Two hundred and fifty-two SDA and 464 non-SDA in 1976; 166 SDA and 291 non-SDA in 1986; 120 SDA and 300-non SDA in 1988; and 251 SDA and 294 non-SDA in 2006. Measurements: Height and weight measured by hospital staff in 1976, 1986 and 1988; self-reported by respondents in …
Erps And The Evoked Cardiac Response To Auditory Stimuli: Intensity And Cognitive Load Effects, Robert J. Barry, Carlie Lawrence
Erps And The Evoked Cardiac Response To Auditory Stimuli: Intensity And Cognitive Load Effects, Robert J. Barry, Carlie Lawrence
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The evoked cardiac response (ECR) may be described as the sum of two independent response components: an initial HR deceleration (ECR1), and a slightly later acceleration (ECR2), hypothesized to reflect stimulus registration and cognitive processing load, respectively. This study investigated processing load effects in the ECR and the event-related potential (ERP). Stimulus intensity was varied within subjects, and cognitive load was varied between subjects, in a counting/no counting task with a long interstimulus interval. The ECR showed a significant effect of counting, but not intensity. ERPs showed the expected obligatory processing effects in the N1, and substantial effects of cognitive …
Effects Of Simulated Viewpoint Jitter On Visually Induced Postural Sway, Stephen A. Palmisano, Gavin J. Pinniger, April Ash, Julie R. Steele
Effects Of Simulated Viewpoint Jitter On Visually Induced Postural Sway, Stephen A. Palmisano, Gavin J. Pinniger, April Ash, Julie R. Steele
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In this study we examined the effects of simulated horizontal and vertical viewpoint jitter on the vection and postural sway induced by radial patterns of optic flow. During each trial, observers were exposed sequentially to 20 s periods of radially expanding flow, radially contracting flow, and static visual scenes. For half the trials, simulated viewpoint jitter was added to the radially expanding/contracting optic flow patterns. In experiment 1, we found that, while this jitter increased the backward postural sway induced by radial expansion, it actually decreased forward postural sway induced by radial contraction. However, in experiment 2 we found that …
Aripiprazole Differentially Affects Mesolimbic And Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Transmission: Implications For Long-Term Drug Efficacy And Low Extrapyramidal Side-Effects, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng, Mei Han
Aripiprazole Differentially Affects Mesolimbic And Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Transmission: Implications For Long-Term Drug Efficacy And Low Extrapyramidal Side-Effects, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng, Mei Han
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Aripiprazole has been used effectively to treat schizophrenia in the clinic ; however, its mechanisms ofaction are not clear. This study examined how short- and long-term aripiprazole treatment affects dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal pathways. For comparison, the effects of haloperidol and olanzapine treatment were also examined. Aripiprazole significantly increased D2 receptor mRNA expression and decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) after 1- and 12-wk treatment, but had no effect in substantia nigra (SN) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). Aripiprazole also decreased dopamine transporter (DAT) binding density in NAc (for 1- and 12- wk …
Psychophysiological Changes Associated With Gambling Behaviour On Electronic Gaming Machines: The Effects Of Gambling Outcome, Betting Stakes And Personality, Kathryn Baudinette, Craig J. Gonsalvez
Psychophysiological Changes Associated With Gambling Behaviour On Electronic Gaming Machines: The Effects Of Gambling Outcome, Betting Stakes And Personality, Kathryn Baudinette, Craig J. Gonsalvez
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
It has been argued that electronic gaming machines (EGM) are extremely addictive, often described as the "crack cocaine of gambling". Little research has been conducted on the psychophysiology of gambling behaviours. This study used state-of-the-art technology to investigate the effect of gambling outcome (wins and losses) and betting stake (high and low) on physiological responding. HR and SCL were recorded on a second-bysecond basis to win and loss events in high and low stake conditions while healthy controls (N=43) gambled on an EGM. The relationship between personality (impulsivity and reward/punishment sensitivity) and physiological responding to wins and losses were also …
Effects Of Scenery, Lighting, Glideslope And Experience On Timing The Landing Flare, Stephen A. Palmisano, Simone K. Favelle, W L. Sachtler
Effects Of Scenery, Lighting, Glideslope And Experience On Timing The Landing Flare, Stephen A. Palmisano, Simone K. Favelle, W L. Sachtler
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This study examined 3 visual strategies for timing the initiation of the landing flare based on perceptions of either: (i) a critical height above ground level; (ii) a critical runway width angle (Y); or (iii) a critical time-to-contact (TTC) with the runway. Visual displays simulated landing approaches with trial-to-trial variations in glideslope, lighting, and scene detail. Twenty-four participants (8 private pilots, 8 student pilots and 8 non-pilots) were instructed to initiate the flare when they perceived that their TTC with the runway (30 m wide by 840 m long) had reached a critical value of 2 seconds. Our results demonstrated …
Bone Mineral Density And Content During Weight Cycling In Female Rats: Effects Of Dietary Amylase-Resistant Starch, Ian L. Brown, Hasina Ambia-Sobhan, Abigail E. Huang, Sue A. Shapses, Sugeet Jagpal, John D. Bogden, Francis W. Kemp, Anne M. Birkett
Bone Mineral Density And Content During Weight Cycling In Female Rats: Effects Of Dietary Amylase-Resistant Starch, Ian L. Brown, Hasina Ambia-Sobhan, Abigail E. Huang, Sue A. Shapses, Sugeet Jagpal, John D. Bogden, Francis W. Kemp, Anne M. Birkett
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although there is considerable evidence for a loss of bone mass with weight loss, the few human studies on the relationship between weight cycling and bone mass or density have differing results. Further, very few studies assessed the role of dietary composition on bone mass during weight cycling. The primary objective of this study was to determine if a diet high in amylase-resistant starch (RS2), which has been shown to increase absorption and balance of dietary minerals, can prevent or reduce loss of bone mass during weight cycling. METHODS: Female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=84, age = 20 weeks) …
Comparison Of The Effects Of Continuous And Pulsed Mobile Phone Like Rf Exposure On The Human Eeg, N Perentos, R J. Croft, R J. Mckenzie, D Cvetkovic, I Cosic
Comparison Of The Effects Of Continuous And Pulsed Mobile Phone Like Rf Exposure On The Human Eeg, N Perentos, R J. Croft, R J. Mckenzie, D Cvetkovic, I Cosic
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
It is not clear yet whether Global System for Mobiles (GSM) mobile phone radiation has the ability to interfere with normal resting brain function. There have been reports that GSM exposure increases alpha band power, and does so only when the signal is modulated at low frequencies (Huber, R., Treyer, V., Borbely, A. A., Schuderer, J., Gottselig, J. M., Landolt, H.P., Werth, E., Berthold,T., Kuster, N., Buck, A and Achermann, P. Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG. J Sleep Res 11, 289-295, 2002.) However, as that research employed …
The Effects Of Different Regulation Systems On Television Food Advertising To Children, Bridget P. Kelly, Lesley King, Adrian Bauman, Ben J. Smith, Victoria M. Flood
The Effects Of Different Regulation Systems On Television Food Advertising To Children, Bridget P. Kelly, Lesley King, Adrian Bauman, Ben J. Smith, Victoria M. Flood
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective: The aim of this study was to model children’s potential exposure to television food advertisements under different regulatory scenarios to demonstrate the policy implications of regulatory change in Australia. Methods: Television advertising data was collected from Sydney commercial television channels from 14-20 May 2006. Extrapolating from these data, the patterns of food advertising under four regulatory scenarios were examined, including arrangements restricting the content, volume and timing of advertisements. Results: Each scenario resulted in a reduction of total and non-core food advertisements. The scenario to restrict non-core food advertisements during the major viewing period (7:00-20:30) led to the largest …
Effects Of Splinting On Wrist Contracture After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Natasha A. Lannin, Anne Cusick, Annie Mccluskey, Robert D. Herbert
Effects Of Splinting On Wrist Contracture After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Natasha A. Lannin, Anne Cusick, Annie Mccluskey, Robert D. Herbert
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background and Purpose—Splints are commonly applied to the wrist and hand to prevent and treat contracture after stroke. However, there have been few randomized trials of this intervention. We sought to determine whether wearing a hand splint, which positions the wrist in either a neutral or an extended position, reduces wrist contracture in adults with hemiplegia after stroke. Methods—Sixty-three adults who had experienced a stroke within the preceding 8 weeks participated. They were randomized to either a control group (routine therapy) or 1 of 2 intervention groups (routine therapy plus splint in either a neutral or an extended wrist position). …
Two High-Amylose Maize Starches With Different Amounts Of Resistant Starch Vary In Their Effects On Fermentation, Tissue And Digesta Mass Accretion, And Bacterial Populations In The Large Bowel Of Pigs, Anthony R. Bird, Michelle Vuaran, Ian L. Brown, David L. Topping
Two High-Amylose Maize Starches With Different Amounts Of Resistant Starch Vary In Their Effects On Fermentation, Tissue And Digesta Mass Accretion, And Bacterial Populations In The Large Bowel Of Pigs, Anthony R. Bird, Michelle Vuaran, Ian L. Brown, David L. Topping
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Four groups of young pigs (n 6) were fed a diet containing 50 % maize starch as either a highly digestible waxy starch (control; 0 % amylose) or one of three resistant starch (RS) diets, namely a high-amylose maize starch (HAMS; 85 % amylose), this starch subjected to hydrothermal treatment (HTHAMS; 85 % amylose), or a blend of HAMS and HTHAMS included in equal amounts, for 21 d. Food intake and live weight at the end of the study were similar among the four groups. Ileal starch digestibility was lower in pigs fed the three RS diets but was …
Vertical Display Oscillation Effects On Forward Vection And Simulator Sickness, Stephen A. Palmisano, Andrea Bubka, Frederick Bonato, John Folder
Vertical Display Oscillation Effects On Forward Vection And Simulator Sickness, Stephen A. Palmisano, Andrea Bubka, Frederick Bonato, John Folder
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background: The current study investigated the effects that vertical display oscillation had on the development of both vection and simulator sickness. Methods: Sixteen subjects were exposed to optic flow displays, which simulated either: (i) constant velocity forward self-motion (pure radial flow); or (ii) combined constant velocity forward and vertically oscillating self-motion (radial flow with vertical oscillation at one of three frequencies: 1.8, 3.7 or 7.4 Hz). During each 10-min display exposure, subjects rated the strength of their vection and 8 symptoms listed on the Subjective Symptoms of Motion Sickness (SSMS) scale at 2-min intervals. Subjects also completed the Simulator Sickness …
Arousal And Activation Effects On Physiological And Behavioral Responding During A Continuous Performance Task, Jacqueline A. Rushby, Robert J. Barry, Adam R. Clarke, Mohammad Vaezmousavi
Arousal And Activation Effects On Physiological And Behavioral Responding During A Continuous Performance Task, Jacqueline A. Rushby, Robert J. Barry, Adam R. Clarke, Mohammad Vaezmousavi
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Based on previous work indicating different neural substrates, two aspects of energetic state, arousal and activation, have been conceptualised separately in our laboratory. Arousal has been defined as the energetic state at any particular time, and task-related activation as the task-related change in state from resting baseline to the task situation. Both are reflected in electrodermal activity and measured by skin conductance level. Our previous studies in this area have indicated that physiological responses to stimuli in a task are dependent on the arousal level at the time of stimulus presentation, rather than the task-related activation. In contrast, performance on …
Jitter And Size Effects On Vection Are Immune To Experimental Instructions And Demands, Stephen A. Palmisano, Amy Y. Chan
Jitter And Size Effects On Vection Are Immune To Experimental Instructions And Demands, Stephen A. Palmisano, Amy Y. Chan
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Both coherent perspective jitter and explicit changing-size cues have been shown to improve the vection induced by radially expanding optic flow. The current study examined whether these stimulus-based vection advantages could be modified by altering cognitions/expectations about both the likelihood of self-motion perception and the purpose of the experiment. In the main experiment, participants were randomly assigned into two groups – one where the cognitive conditions biased participants towards self-motion perception and another where the cognitive conditions biased them towards object motion perception. Contrary to earlier findings by Lepecq et al (1995), we found that identical visual displays were less …