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Articles 181 - 210 of 218
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Observations Initiales Et Finales De Filles Eveillées : Programme Pilote De Renforcement Des Compétences Des Adolescentes Migrantes Employées De Maison. Cohorte 1 (2011–2012), Bobo-Dioulasso, Sarah Engebretsen
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Le Burkina Faso abrite la dixième population la plus jeune du monde, avec 45% de la population de moins de 15 ans. Les jeunes au Burkina Faso, en particulier les adolescentes, ont peu d'opportunités économiques, en particulier dans les zones rurales. Cela alimente la migration vers les milieux urbaines à la recherche de travail. Seules, les filles sont physiquement et économiquement vulnérables et beaucoup courent un risque élevé de violence sexiste. Le Population Council a mené une recherche formative en 2010 dans le but de mieux comprendre la situation des adolescentes migrantes employées de maison au Burkina Faso urbain, et …
Maintaining Friendships In Early Stage Dementia: Factors To Consider, Phyllis Braudy Harris
Maintaining Friendships In Early Stage Dementia: Factors To Consider, Phyllis Braudy Harris
Sociology
Friendships and the importance of social connectiveness play a critical role in aging well, regardless of gender, race, social class, or impairment. Yet, dementia takes its toll on social relationships, and many friends withdraw and ‘disappear’, because they can no longer bear to see the changes that are taking place in their diagnosed friend. The dementia care literature documents this abandonment; however, this study examines the opposite occurrence. In order to understand more clearly the role of long-term friendships and how such friendships remain and continue, despite the diagnosis of dementia, this qualitative study examines in depth eight people in …
Réseaux Sociaux Et Les Capacités Financières Des Filles Employées De Maison À Bobo-Dioulasso, Gisele Kaboré
Réseaux Sociaux Et Les Capacités Financières Des Filles Employées De Maison À Bobo-Dioulasso, Gisele Kaboré
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Depuis plus d’une année, le Population Council assure la mise en œuvre du projet «Filles Éveillées» ciblant les travailleuses domestiques dans les zones urbaines au Burkina Faso. L’objectif de cette étude est d’avoir une meilleure connaissance des réseaux sociaux des filles—soit avec les personnes dans sa nouvelle communauté soit avec des personnes dans son village à travers la technologie—depuis leurs zones d’origine, sachant que la phase de transit n’est pas bien comprise mais que ça peut influencer le séjour de la fille en ville. Cette étude a pour objectif de cerner les capacités et les modes de gestion financières des …
De La Recherche À La Conception Programmatique Et À La Mise En Oeuvre : Programmation À L'Intention Des Filles Des Milieux Ruraux D'Éthiopie—Boîte À Outils Du Praticien, Annabel Erulkar
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Cette boîte à outils décrit comment créer ou améliorer des programmes pour les filles de l’Éthiopie rurale, en vue d'accroître le nombre de programmes organisés à leur intention et de les rendre pertinents et mieux adaptés à leur contexte. La boîte à outils décrit un processus d’élaboration programmatique fermement ancré dans les faits. Les chapitres procèdent dès lors d’un point de départ axé sur la recherche pour identifier et décrire les filles, pour se concentrer ensuite sur le développement programmatique émanant des données, et aboutir enfin sur la mise en œuvre guidée par le suivi et l’évaluation permanents.
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The Impact Of Water Supply And Sanitation On Child Health: Evidence From Egypt, Rania Roushdy, Maia Sieverding, Hanan Radwan
The Impact Of Water Supply And Sanitation On Child Health: Evidence From Egypt, Rania Roushdy, Maia Sieverding, Hanan Radwan
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative data, this working paper investigates whether access to improved sources of water and sanitation is an effective “treatment” for the incidence of diarrhea among children under five years of age in Egypt. Both components of the study indicate that widespread access to improved sources of drinking water and toilet facilities exists across Egypt; however, service quality remains a significant problem in many areas. In particular, cuts in water supply—and the resulting practice of storing water—are quite common; a sizable percentage of flush toilet facilities are not connected to the public sewer system; and …
Filles Eveillées ('Girls Awakened'): A Pilot Program For Migrant Adolescent Girls In Domestic Service In Urban Burkina Faso, Sarah Engebretsen, Gisele Kaboré, Leah Jarvis
Filles Eveillées ('Girls Awakened'): A Pilot Program For Migrant Adolescent Girls In Domestic Service In Urban Burkina Faso, Sarah Engebretsen, Gisele Kaboré, Leah Jarvis
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Young people in Burkina Faso, especially adolescent girls, have few economic opportunities, particularly in rural areas. This drives migration to urban areas in search of employment. In 2010, the Population council conducted formative research on migrant adolescent girls in domestic service in urban Burkina Faso. Findings revealed that girls typically live with their employers and spend long days performing arduous work, leaving little time for schooling, building social networks, and developing skills necessary for adulthood. Most programs designed for this population intervene after something has gone wrong rather than building girls’ protective assets. In response to these findings, the Population …
Baseline And Endline Findings Of Filles Eveillées ('Girls Awakened'): A Pilot Program For Migrant Adolescent Girls In Domestic Service. Cohort 1 (2011–2012), Bobo-Dioulasso, Sarah Engebretsen
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Burkina Faso has the tenth youngest population in the world, with 45 percent of the population below the age of 15. Young people in Burkina Faso, especially adolescent girls, have few economic opportunities, particularly in rural areas. This drives migration to urban areas in search of employment. On their own, girls are physically and economically vulnerable and many are at heightened risk for gender-based violence. The Population Council conducted formative research in 2010 to better understand the situation of migrant adolescent girls in domestic service in urban Burkina Faso, and subsequently designed a safe spaces intervention. The Filles Éveillées (“Girls …
Suicide Trends And Prevention In Nevada, Matt Wray, Tatiana Poladko, Misty Vaughan
Suicide Trends And Prevention In Nevada, Matt Wray, Tatiana Poladko, Misty Vaughan
Social Health of Nevada Reports
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States. In 2007, nearly 35,000 Americans took their own lives, a rate of 11.5 suicides per 100,000 (Xu et al. 2010). Among 15-24 year olds, suicide is the third leading cause of death and for those aged 25-34, it is the second leading cause (CDC WISQARS 2007).
Disease Prevalence And Behavioral Risk In Nevada, Shannon M. Monnat
Disease Prevalence And Behavioral Risk In Nevada, Shannon M. Monnat
Social Health of Nevada Reports
Throughout the last several years, people living in the United States have engaged in intense debates about health care reform, costs, and mandates. What is often missing from these debates is arguably the key issue in American health: What is making us sick in the first place?
Health Care Access And Insurance Availability In Nevada, Douglas L. Garner, Marie A. Wakefield, Tiffany G. Tyler, A. Dexter Samuels, Roger Cleveland
Health Care Access And Insurance Availability In Nevada, Douglas L. Garner, Marie A. Wakefield, Tiffany G. Tyler, A. Dexter Samuels, Roger Cleveland
Social Health of Nevada Reports
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2012) defines healthcare access as “the timely use of health services to achieve the best health outcomes.” The Department specifies that efficient health care access is contingent on several steps, including (1) entry into the healthcare system, (2) availability of needed services, and (3) accessibility of providers with whom individuals can establish relationships founded on mutual communication and trust.
Child Abuse And Neglect In Nevada, Ramona W. Denby
Child Abuse And Neglect In Nevada, Ramona W. Denby
Social Health of Nevada Reports
Child maltreatment in Nevada reflects the general social, economic, and health conditions within the state and its local communities. This chapter starts with various definitions of child abuse and neglect, focusing on the approach adopted by Nevada legislators and comparing it to competing definitions. Next, this report examines child abuse and neglect rates in Nevada and tracks the progress the state has made towards achieving its goals related to child welfare outcomes, including child protection and safety, child permanency, and child well-being. After that, the discussion moves to the most promising child welfare intervention practices and approaches. Finally, the chapter …
Addiction And Substance Abuse Among Nevada Youths, An-Pyng Sun, Chih-Hsiang Ho, Larry Ashley
Addiction And Substance Abuse Among Nevada Youths, An-Pyng Sun, Chih-Hsiang Ho, Larry Ashley
Social Health of Nevada Reports
Adolescence is a critical stage for substance abuse initiation, as well as for substance abuse prevention, intervention, and treatment. This report presents tobacco product use, alcohol use, and illicit drug use rates of Nevada’s youths (aged 12-17) compared with youths nationwide as a whole. Most data were retrieved from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), including the 2008--2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data and Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), supplemented with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) data. Substate data were taken from SAMHSA’s 2006-2008 …
Disability Rights And Services In Nevada, Janet S. Belcove-Shalin
Disability Rights And Services In Nevada, Janet S. Belcove-Shalin
Social Health of Nevada Reports
For ages, people with disabilities faced hardship and condescension from the general public. As recently as the 19th century, individuals with serious physical or mental issues were singled out for pity, shunned by society, and urged to accept their afflictions as God’s will. The government offered no assistance to the impaired, relying instead on almsgiving by religious institutions and philanthropic organizations.
Prenatal Care And Infant Mortality In Nevada, Douglas L. Garner, Roger Cleveland, A. Dexter Samuels, Tiffany G. Tyler
Prenatal Care And Infant Mortality In Nevada, Douglas L. Garner, Roger Cleveland, A. Dexter Samuels, Tiffany G. Tyler
Social Health of Nevada Reports
The U.S. outspends all other industrial countries on health care, and yet Americans hardly enjoy better health (Gorman 2010). An American baby born in 2006 can expect to live 78 years – two years less than a baby born across the Canadian border. The U.S. ranks 28th in infant mortality out of the 30 major industrial countries (Gorman 2010). A large part of the gap in infant mortality can be traced to high infant death rates in certain populations, particularly African-Americans who make up about 13% of the total population. In 2005, infant mortality for non-Hispanic blacks in the U.S. …
Aging Trends And Challenges In Nevada, Jennifer Reid Keene, Kathryn Mcclain, Jacqueline Ragin
Aging Trends And Challenges In Nevada, Jennifer Reid Keene, Kathryn Mcclain, Jacqueline Ragin
Social Health of Nevada Reports
Societal aging is one of the most important social trends of the 21st century. It affects our political, social, and economic institutions and also the nature of our interpersonal and family relationships (Quadagno 2011). In the coming decades, both as individuals and as a society, we will have to make important decisions regarding the consequences of our aging population. Policy makers, families, businesses, local, state, and federal governments, health care providers will have to meet the growing needs of the older population in the U.S. and in Nevada.
Injectable Contraceptives: Perspectives And Experiences Of Women And Health Care Providers In India, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, A.J. Francis Zavier
Injectable Contraceptives: Perspectives And Experiences Of Women And Health Care Providers In India, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, A.J. Francis Zavier
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This report is the result of a study that aimed to shed light on the feasibility and acceptability of making injectable contraceptives more widely available to women in India. The study focused on injectable contraceptive users, new method adopters, and healthcare providers drawn from the facilities of a range of reproductive health. Healthcare providers were, for the most part, in favor of offering injectable contraceptives, however, they argued strongly for certain prerequisites, such as comprehensive and sensitive counseling and effective follow-up. Findings further suggest that there is a demand for injectable contraceptives among women, and that both women and healthcare …
Training Manual On The Use Of Magnesium Sulphate In The Management Of Severe Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia [Trainee Version], Federal Ministry Of Health, Population Council
Training Manual On The Use Of Magnesium Sulphate In The Management Of Severe Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia [Trainee Version], Federal Ministry Of Health, Population Council
Reproductive Health
This training manual provides detailed, descriptive, and practical instructions and tips necessary to respond to obstetric emergencies (severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia). The manual is an integral part of the collaborative efforts between the Federal Ministry of Health and the MacArthur Foundation to scale up the use of magnesium sulphate in the management of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Nigerian health facilities. Magnesium sulphate has been established as the gold standard in the management of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, but lack of knowledge and necessary skill have been identified as some of the factors responsible for its limited use in Nigeria. …
Résumé Exécutif—Les Programmes De Planification Familiale Du Xxie Siècle: Fondement Et Conception, John Bongaarts, John C. Cleland, John Townsend, Jane T. Bertrand, Monica Das Gupta
Résumé Exécutif—Les Programmes De Planification Familiale Du Xxie Siècle: Fondement Et Conception, John Bongaarts, John C. Cleland, John Townsend, Jane T. Bertrand, Monica Das Gupta
Reproductive Health
Ce document contient le résumé exécutif de «Les programmes de planification familiale pour le XXIe siècle: Fondement et conception». La première moitié de l'ouvrage explique pourquoi un financement et un soutien accrus en faveur des programmes de planification familiale volontaire sont nécessaires. La seconde moitié explique comment les programmes renforcés de planification familiale volontaire peuvent être structurés de manière à fonctionner avec plus d’efficacité. La planification familiale est l'une des interventions les plus réussies de développement de ces 50 dernières années. Elle est unique en termes d’avantages potentiels, et englobe le développement économique, la santé maternelle et infantile, …
The Cost Of Reaching The Most Disadvantaged Girls: Programmatic Evidence From Egypt, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Kenya, South Africa, And Uganda, Jessica Sewall-Menon, Judith Bruce, Karen Austrian, Raven Brown, Jennifer Catino, Alejandra Colom, Angel Del Valle, Habtamu Demele, Annabel Erulkar, Kelly Hallman, Eva Roca, Nadia Zibani
The Cost Of Reaching The Most Disadvantaged Girls: Programmatic Evidence From Egypt, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Kenya, South Africa, And Uganda, Jessica Sewall-Menon, Judith Bruce, Karen Austrian, Raven Brown, Jennifer Catino, Alejandra Colom, Angel Del Valle, Habtamu Demele, Annabel Erulkar, Kelly Hallman, Eva Roca, Nadia Zibani
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The most disadvantaged adolescent girls are the poorest girls from the poorest communities. They suffer from human rights abuses, lack education and economic opportunity, are affected by HIV/AIDS, and have poor reproductive and maternal health outcomes. To effectively reach these girls so that they can receive critical services such as gathering spaces, life skills, financial literacy, savings accounts, and reproductive health knowledge, they must be targeted as a distinct segment. It is important to invest in building the capacities of local partners and governments to deliver and scale-up low-cost, well-targeted programs. This technical report is intended to assist programmatic officers, …
Nonclinical Development Needs And Regulatory Requirements For Multipurpose Prevention Technologies: A Primer, Joseph W. Romano, Martha Brady, Judy Manning
Nonclinical Development Needs And Regulatory Requirements For Multipurpose Prevention Technologies: A Primer, Joseph W. Romano, Martha Brady, Judy Manning
HIV and AIDS
This summary outlines key development elements that will be necessary for various configurations of multipurpose prevention products for the simultaneous prevention of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and/or pregnancy.
Testing The Feasibility Of Police Provision Of Emergency Contraception In Malawi, Malawi Human Rights Resource Centre, Malawi Police Service, Ministry Of Health
Testing The Feasibility Of Police Provision Of Emergency Contraception In Malawi, Malawi Human Rights Resource Centre, Malawi Police Service, Ministry Of Health
Reproductive Health
Violence against women and children remains a major public health and human rights challenge in the world. This report provides information on a project evaluating the feasibility of having trained police officers safely and effectively provide emergency contraception (EC) to survivors of sexual assault as a means of broadening access to comprehensive care in Malawi. The effort capitalized on findings that the majority of survivors of sexual assault in Malawi report to the police first. Results from the project, implemented by the Malawi Human Rights Centre and Malawi Police Service, demonstrate that it is feasible to implement police provision of …
Kentucky Wic Participants’ Knowledge, Attitudes, And Beliefs Regarding Grains, Dustin Tyler Reed
Kentucky Wic Participants’ Knowledge, Attitudes, And Beliefs Regarding Grains, Dustin Tyler Reed
Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems
Obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and poor dietary habits are major healthcare problems in the United States. These issues are especially prevalent in the state of Kentucky and among at-risk populations such as Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participants. Studies have found that whole grains play a role in weight maintenance, protection against type 2 diabetes, and lowering cholesterol. Interventions aimed at improving WIC participant dietary behavior and intake has been successful as well. This study assessed Kentucky WIC participants’ knowledge of the benefits of consuming grains, attitudes and beliefs regarding food purchasing and grains, and identified grains consumed in a …
Utilizing Technology In A Randomized Pilot Study For A Smoking Cessation Intervention: An Innovative Approach Using Sms Messaging Systems, Elise Garcia
McNair Poster Presentations
Objective: Previous randomized controlled trials of Short Message Service (SMS) technology in smoking cessation interventions have been proven to be effective. Upon the completion of our pilot study, we will investigate the combined effects of delivering self-help SMS text messages with candidates that rate < 8 on the Contemplation Ladder (intention to quit scale)in natural-based setting.
Method: A sample of (N=60) adult smokers from the Eugene Community intending to quit will come in our lab for two sessions (baseline and follow-up) where physiological tests and selfreports will be measured. Smokers will be allocated to one of three condition groups where they will be sent 6 text messages per day for …
Debating The Cause Of Health Disparities: Implications For Bioethics And Racial Equality, Dorothy E. Roberts
Debating The Cause Of Health Disparities: Implications For Bioethics And Racial Equality, Dorothy E. Roberts
All Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Mental Illness And Stigmatization, Struther Louise Van Horn
Mental Illness And Stigmatization, Struther Louise Van Horn
All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between mental illness and stigmatization. For most of the twentieth century, popular attitudes towards the mentally ill were overtly negative and stigmatizing. In the 1970s-1980s, however, a putative shift in perceptions--thought to be the result of increased public knowledge about psychological disorders--purportedly diminished the stigma attached to mental illness. Using race, gender, and age as moderating variables, this study draws upon data from the recent 2006 General Social Survey to reexamine more current attitudes by the public towards those with mental illness and how it affects the desire for social …
Assessing And Improving Self-Reporting Of Male Circumcision In Zambia And Swaziland, Paul C. Hewett, Nicole Haberland, Barbara Mensch, Louis Apicella
Assessing And Improving Self-Reporting Of Male Circumcision In Zambia And Swaziland, Paul C. Hewett, Nicole Haberland, Barbara Mensch, Louis Apicella
HIV and AIDS
The Male Circumcision (MC) Partnership was established with the support of the Gates Foundation and PEPFAR to scale up MC services in Zambia, in collaboration with the Zambian government. The MC Partnership is a five-year project led by Population Services International (Society for Family Health, Zambia), in partnership with Jhpiego, Marie Stopes International (MSI), and the Population Council. The ultimate objective of this study is to provide researchers and program managers with evidence-based recommendations for the collection of self-reported data on MC status through an assessment of different methods to describe and explain MC. Specifically, the study assessed tools for …
Shaping The Operations Research Agenda For Antiretroviral-Based Prevention Products For Women: Gels And Rings, Martha Brady, C. Elizabeth Mcgrory
Shaping The Operations Research Agenda For Antiretroviral-Based Prevention Products For Women: Gels And Rings, Martha Brady, C. Elizabeth Mcgrory
HIV and AIDS
This report summarizes discussions from a two-day international experts consultation meeting in 2012 on preparing for the successful introduction of women-centered antiretroviral-based HIV prevention methods. It examines the limits and expectations of operations research in antiretroviral health technologies.
Prevalence And Correlates Of Hiv Infection In A Cohort Of Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, Waimar Tun, Vartika Sharma, Mary Philip Sebastian, Ira Madan, Amita Yadav, Meredith Sheehy, Dean Lewis, Ibou Thior, Avina Sarna
Prevalence And Correlates Of Hiv Infection In A Cohort Of Male Injection Drug Users In Delhi, Waimar Tun, Vartika Sharma, Mary Philip Sebastian, Ira Madan, Amita Yadav, Meredith Sheehy, Dean Lewis, Ibou Thior, Avina Sarna
HIV and AIDS
Baseline assessment of HIV infection among male injection drug users to understand the correlates of HIV infection and high risk injection practices and sexual behavior in Delhi, India.
Getting Real With Youth-Friendly Services In Africa: Report Of A Satellite Session At The Xix International Aids Conference, Population Council
Getting Real With Youth-Friendly Services In Africa: Report Of A Satellite Session At The Xix International Aids Conference, Population Council
HIV and AIDS
Overview of an AIDS 2013 satellite session which aimed to engage young people with and react to the study findings and in the light of the findings, discuss and share their perspectives, experiences and concerns about how responsive existing policies, programs and services are to the HIV prevention and impact mitigation needs of young Africans.
Marps Sensitization: A Diversity Training Guide For Health Care Providers In Nigeria, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme
Marps Sensitization: A Diversity Training Guide For Health Care Providers In Nigeria, Enhancing Nigeria's Hiv/Aids Response (Enr) Programme
HIV and AIDS
Men who have sex with men (MSM) present specific diagnostic and management challenges to counselors and health-care providers. High prevalence of HIV infection has been reported among MSM in Nigeria, driven partly by stigma, discrimination, lack of appropriate prevention strategies, limited research evidence, little recognition by policymakers, and inadequate knowledge and skills in dealing with MSM clients. In Nigeria, where homosexuality is illegal, the risk embodied in same-sex activities is high and makes hiding MSM activities almost a norm. Currently, health-care provider training materials that address most at-risk populations’ (MARPs) specific health needs are nonexistent in Nigeria. Knowledge of these …