Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Macroeconomy And Health In The United States, Elizabeth Herring

All Theses

The economy affects everyone as it expands and contracts. This paper will look at the effects that economic downturns have on the health of Americans. It will analyze the number of deaths per year caused by certain causes of death and determine the extent to which a downturn affects these numbers. This paper also looks at the cause and effect relationship between antidepressants and suicide. The empirical results indicate that the state of the economy affects the health of the nation.

Affective Well-Being In Retirement: The Influence Of Values, Money, And Health Across Three Years, Andrew Burr, Jonathan Bruce Santo, Dolores Pushkar

Psychology Faculty Publications

In this study, personal values, health, and financial status were investigated as determinants of affective well-bring in a sample of 371 recent retirees across 3 years. Personal values, measured with the Portrait Value Questionnaire (Schwartz et al. in J Cross Cult Psychol 32:519–542, 2001), were hypothesized to show direct links to positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) as well as to moderate the association between financial and health status and affective well-being. Using structural equation modeling, higher PA was predicted by female gender, better finances, fewer illnesses, and higher self-transcendence (ST), openness to change (OC), and conservation values. Higher …

Assessing Animal Welfare: Different Philosophies, Different Scientific Approaches, David Fraser

Assessment of Animal Welfare Collection

Attempts to improve animal welfare have commonly centered around three broad objectives: (1) to ensure good physical health and functioning of animals, (2) to minimize unpleasant ‘‘affective states’’ (pain, fear, etc.) and to allow animals normal pleasures, and (3) to allow animals to develop and live in ways that are natural for the species. Each of these objectives has given rise to scientific approaches for assessing animal welfare. An emphasis on health and functioning has led to assessment methods based on rates of disease, injury, mortality, and reproductive success. An emphasis on affective states has led to assessment methods based …

Slides: Intermountain Oil And Gas Bmp Project, Kathryn Mutz

Best Practices for Community and Environmental Protection (October 14)

Presenter: Kathryn Mutz, Natural Resources Law Center

19 slides

Attachment Avoidance Predicts Inflammatory Responses To Marital Conflict, Jean-Phillipe Gouin, Ronald Glaser, Timothy J. Loving, William B. Malarkey, Jeffrey R. Stowell, Carrie Houts, Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser

Jeffrey R. Stowell

Marital stress has been associated with immune dysregulation, including increased production of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Attachment style, one’s expectations about the availability and responsiveness of others in intimate relationships, appears to influence physiological stress reactivity and thus could influence inflammatory responses to marital conflict. Thirty-five couples were invited for two 24-hour admissions to a hospital research unit. The first visit included a structured social support interaction, while the second visit comprised the discussion of a marital disagreement. A mixed effect within-subject repeated measure model indicated that attachment avoidance significantly influenced IL-6 production during the conflict visit but not during the social …

Attachment Avoidance Predicts Inflammatory Responses To Marital Conflict, Jean-Phillipe Gouin, Ronald Glaser, Timothy J. Loving, William B. Malarkey, Jeffrey R. Stowell, Carrie Houts, Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

Marital stress has been associated with immune dysregulation, including increased production of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Attachment style, one’s expectations about the availability and responsiveness of others in intimate relationships, appears to influence physiological stress reactivity and thus could influence inflammatory responses to marital conflict. Thirty-five couples were invited for two 24-hour admissions to a hospital research unit. The first visit included a structured social support interaction, while the second visit comprised the discussion of a marital disagreement. A mixed effect within-subject repeated measure model indicated that attachment avoidance significantly influenced IL-6 production during the conflict visit but not during the social …

The Hurtful Relationship: A Longitudinal Study Of Relational Aggression And Physical Health In Marriage, Matthew P. Martin

Theses and Dissertations

Previous literature has examined the link between overt marital conflict and physical health and found that negative interactions in marriage may lead to poorer health. Moreover, recent studies have identified relational aggression as a type of covert marital conflict. However, none have tested for effects of relational aggression on physical health in marriage. The purpose of this research is to further study this type of conflict by examining longitudinal dyadic data to determine how subtle, indirect marital conflict like relational aggression affects the health of spouses. Data from 316 couples, from the first two waves of the BYU Flourishing Families …

Just One Act Of Kindness From Your Heart Can Make Us All Feel Great Forever, Emmanuel Mario B. Santos Aka Marc Guerrero, Marvin Myles S. Santos (Art Director)

Emmanuel Mario B Santos aka Marc Guerrero

Page 1, Cover. Page 2, About theINSTITUTE, in a few words. Page 3, Philippine SEC, DSWD, BIR, PCNC. Page 4, Quadro Programs. Page 5, Medical research and other Mission, Vision and Core Values of theFOUNDATION. Page 6, Contact us. Page 7, Membership, Fundraising, Programming, Advocacy and International Partnership, and How to donate in 9 ways. Page 8, Paying forward and how to partner with us.

Does Unemployment Decrease Cancer Mortality?, Benjamin Torres Galick

Economics Honors Projects

Recent research indicates that healthier lifestyles during recessions decrease the most common U.S. mortalities, but not cancer. However, they combine specific cancer mortalities with different progressions into one, possibly obscuring cancer’s link to unemployment. This paper estimates a fixed-effects regression model on unemployment and the nine most prevalent cancers between 1988 and 2002 using state-level panel data. Five cancers and total cancer are procyclical, and suggest that unemployment affects both incidence and gestation for some cancers. Consistent with the medical literature, this paper contradicts previous economic research and suggests that behavioral factors significantly impact cancer mortality.

Grossman’S Missing Health Threshold, Titus Galama, Arie Kapteyn

Titus Galama

We present a generalized solution to Grossman’s model of health capital (1972), relaxing the widely used assumption that individuals can adjust their health stock instantaneously to an “optimal” level without adjustment costs. The Grossman model then predicts the existence of a health threshold above which individuals do not demand medical care. Our generalized solution addresses a significant criticism: the model’s prediction that health and medical care are positively related is consistently rejected by the data. We suggest structural and reduced form equations to test our generalized solution and contrast the predictions of the model with the empirical literature.

Gender Mainstreaming In Social Protection By Vibhuti Patel, Professor Vibhuti Patel

Professor Vibhuti Patel

Gender mainstreaming has become a buzzword in development discourse in the 21st century. The volume under review is a timely publication in the context of the ever increasing pauperisation and immiserisation of millions of people, especially women and children. Naila Kabeer has performed a daunting task in examining the effect of economic globalisation on gender relations for a large majority of the poor around the world and the affirmative actions taken by the nation states.

Gender And Place Influences On Health Risk Perspectives In Northern Canadian Aboriginal Communities, Cynthia G. Jardine, Amanda D. Boyd, Christopher M. Furgal

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Developing a better understanding of the factors underlying health and environmental risk perspectives has been the focus of significant research in recent years. Although many previous studies have shown that perspectives of risk are often associated with gender, sociocultural variables and place, our understanding of the relationship between these factors and risk remains equivocal. A research study was undertaken to develop better insights into the understanding and perspectives of various types of health risks in two sets of northern Canadian Aboriginal communities – the Yellowknives Dene First Nation communities of N’Dilo and Dettah in the Northwest Territories and the Inuit …

Mass Privatization And Mortality: Is Job Loss The Link?, John S. Earle

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Experience Corps: Health Outcomes Of Participation, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Song-Iee Hong, Stacey Mccrary, Wayne Blinne

Center for Social Development Research

Experience Corps: Health Outcomes of Participation

Why Do Entreprenuers Have Higher Longevity Expectations?, Govind Hariharan, Huan Ni

Faculty and Research Publications

The health and lifespan of entrepreneurs not only affect their private decisions such as consumption and savings, assets transfer, life insurance and labor supply, but also their business decisions. Based on a large longitudinal data set of individuals in the United States, we find in our sample of business owners that they expect to live much longer (7.47% higher) than non business owners. Moreover, these entrepreneurs have better self-rated health, better health endowment, and are more likely to exercise frequently. In future work we will further disentangle the effects of these observable characteristics from those of unobserved heterogeneity.

Claims Of Mistaken Identity: An Examination Of U.S. Television Food Commercials And The Adult Obesity Issue, Cristina Delgado

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is one of the major public health issues in the United States, often regarded as part of a global crisis. Companies invest billions of dollars each year towards television advertising campaigns aimed at convincing audiences how their ground-breaking discovery 'battles the bulge' or somehow offers an increased health benefit. This study examined how advertisers presented health-related claims, including health and nutrient-content claims, in U.S. adult-targeted television food commercials. The claims were compared to FTC, FDA, and USDA laws, regulations, and recommendations. A content analysis of food advertising was conducted of commercials from major and cable network programs broadcast during …

The Role Of The Internet As A Tool To Aid In U.S. Adult Consumers' Weight Loss, Jaclyn Kirby

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis focuses on ways the Internet can positively influence and educate U.S. Americans to become healthier and eventually lose weight. Throughout the past 30 years, the percentage of overweight and obese adults in the U.S. has increased immensely, resulting in a nationwide epidemic (American Association for Public Opinion Research, 2006; Center for Disease Control, 2006; Goodman, 2005; The Obesity Society, 2008). The research question for this thesis is the following: What are the perceptions of U.S. adult consumers regarding the positive influence the Internet has on weight loss? In order to determine the influence of the Internet on U.S. …

Stopping A Pandemic, Minnesota State University, Mankato

Health/Nutrition

Bibliography and photographs of a display of government documents from Minnesota State University, Mankato.

Health Care In America, South Dakota State University

Health/Nutrition

Bibliography and photograph of a display of government documents from South Dakota State University.

Health Promotion For Maine’S Aging Population: A Legislative Roadmap, Lenard W. Kaye, Rachel Hutchins, Dyan Walsh

Maine Center on Aging Research and Evaluation

Maine has the distinction of being the oldest state in the nation. This policy brief considers strategies for promoting the health of aging Mainers. As of 2005, 7.5 million individuals living in rural America were over the age of 65. Challenges of living in a rural area can make it difficult for older individuals to access services that are vital to their daily living. Older adults in rural regions are found to be less educated, have worse health outcomes, and have incomes that fall below the poverty level. Recommended strategies include utilizing the Federally Qualified Health Centers, encourage greater collaboration, …

Calidad De Vida, Salud Y Trabajo La Relación Con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, José G. Salazar-Estrada, Teresa M. Torres-López, Cecilia Colunga-Rodríguez, Mario Angel-González

José G. Salazar Estrada

Compare the quality of life (QoL), perception of health and its relation in people with and without diabetes. Study comparative sample of 208 people over 40 years, users of the public health system. For QoL, we apply 5 EuroQol-5D dimensions, besides sociodemographic variables, the data were processed with SPSS 11.0 program using Chi2 analysis of variance and odds ratios, taking as a significant P <0.05. The total sample (238), 61% are women, with an average age of 54.7 ± 6.8 years, 47% devoted to housework, 38% with higher education to primary, 23% without primary and 39% Primary completed, the separation between diabetics and non-diabetics, there were no differences in sociodemographic variables of gender, education and marital status, with the exception of financial compensation (p = 0.002) and this time the average age (0.002). In 5 dimensions and the overall rating of CV, the score was higher for people without diabetes who self rated with a better quality of life, the area most affected in people with diabetes is anxiety / depression (P <0.00). There was a tendency for women with diabetes to qualify higher CV compared with men. People with diabetes are classified as deteriorating quality of life, although there is a favorable trend in women with diabetes who evaluate and improve their quality of life compared to men with diabetes. The most affected dimension is anxiety / depression.

Use Of Card Sort Methodology In The Testing Of A Clinical Leadership Competencies Model, Gordon Marnoch, Haitham Jahrami, Ann Marie Gray

Gordon Marnoch

The purpose of this paper is to examine the utility of a qualitative ‘card sort’ research tool – when it is merged with traditional quantitative data gathering methods – to add to our understanding about the nature of competency-based approaches to leadership studies. The study demonstrates how a qualitative technique (card sort) was used for the task of testing a clinical leadership competencies model. All the steps in the card sort methodology are described through its application to the research problem. The paper concludes that card sort has considerable use in adding to the validity of research into the competency …

The Effects Of Reason And Event Saliency On Health-Related Decisions, Lisa Woods, Amy Y. Chan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The current study examined how event saliency and reason for action influence the amount of regret anticipated about a foregone option, and on people‟s anticipated choice of behavior when they are confronted with a choice between two equally aversive options. The participants were 120 undergraduate psychology students. Participants who were prompted to imagine choosing to fulfill an internal desire instead of an internal obligation anticipated significantly more regret than those who were prompted to make the opposite choice. No significant differences in the amount of regret anticipated was found between participants who had to choose between two external obligations. Interestingly, …

Children's Health And Rf Emf Exposure, Peter Wiedemann, Holger Schutz, Franziska Borner, Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff, Rodney J. Croft, Alexander Lerchl, Luc Martens, Georg Neubauer, Sabine Regel, Michael Repacholi

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The present report documents a dialogue between scientists reviewing the currently available scientific evidence with respect to the effects of RF EMF exposure on children. The focus was directed towards a transparent and comprehensible characterization of the findings and conclusions for the evaluation of the relationship between mobile phone communication and children’s health. The now available report, based on the scientific opinions of the experts as well as on a series of workshops, aims to help the public and policy makers to better understand the current state of the scientific evidence as well as implications for the risk evaluation with …

Soft Drinks, Weight Status And Health: A Review, Debra Hector, Anna Rangan, Tim Gill, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Victoria M. Flood

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The prevention of overweight and obesity, particularly among children, is a public health priority. A range of initiatives to address this problem have already been developed and implemented in NSW. However, a broader range of additional strategies are needed to effectively address this complex issue. The high consumption of soft drinks, i.e. sugarsweetened carbonated beverages, and other sugary drinks is one of an array of dietary behaviours which has been identified by a number of policy documents as an important, specific behaviour to address in the prevention and management of obesity.

Soft Drinks, Weight Status And Health: Health Professional Update, Anna Rangan, Debra Hector, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Victoria M. Flood, Tim Gill

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

High consumption of soft drinks and other sugary drinks are associated with a number of health problems, including overweight and obesity, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis and dental caries. In Australia, soft drinks are the most commonly consumed sugary beverage and have been singled out for specific attention as a target of obesity prevention programs. Soft drinks are well-known, readily available and marketed extensively, especially to adolescents. They have no nutritional value other than sugar and fluid, and are identified in the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating as an ‘extra’ food – one that should be consumed only occasionally and in …

Mental Health Consumers' Perceptions Of Receiving Recovery-Focused Services, Sarah Marshall, Lindsay G. Oades, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Method: A self-report questionnaire was developed drawing on key aspects of the Collaborative Recovery Model (CRM) (responsibility, collaboration, autonomy, motivation, needs, goals, homework). Ninety-two adult consumers from metropolitan, regional and rural non-government organizations and public mental health services in eastern Australian states completed the questionnaire. Results: Consumers using services provided by CRM trained workers identified significant changes to service delivery in relation to frequency with which they were encouraged to take responsibility for their recovery, degree to which they collaborated with staff and the extent to which they were encouraged to complete homework activities to assist them to achieve their …

A Review Of Engagement Of Indigenous Australians Within Mental Health And Substance Abuse Services., Stacey Berry, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Substance misuse is a significant issue in Australia, and a large proportion of individuals with substance misuse disorders have co-existing mental health disorders. There is evidence that Indigenous Australians are more likely than non-Indigenous Australians to experience the adverse effects of alcohol consumption, and that mental health disorders are more prevalent in Indigenous communities than non-Indigenous communities. Indigenous Australians currently do not access mental health and substance abuse services at a level which is consistent with their level of need, and this is largely due to inconsistent or insufficient culturally respectful mental health services. This paper provides a review of …

Benchmarking Across Sectors: Comparisons Of Residential Dual Diagnosis And Mental Health Programs, Frank P. Deane, Peter Kelly, Talia Gonda, Ganapathi Murugesan, Robyn Jeffrey

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

[extract] A Question to Ponder: How does your service compare to other similar services in the industry? How would knowing this help your organisation?

A Welfare Analysis Of The Commonwealth Seniors Health Card, Peter M. Siminski

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The Commonwealth Seniors Health Card (CSHC) is a key element of a suite of benefits for Australia's 'self-funded retirees'. Its main component is a pharmaceutical concession, which is analysed as a form of public health insurance. The utility gain through risk-pooling is found to be negligible under conservative assumptions. The deadweight loss through moral hazard may be considerable. Finally, the CSHC may be seen as an inequitable transfer, because CSHC holders are a particularly wealthy population.