Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Nonviolent Futures, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Nonviolent action - including methods such as rallies, strikes, boycotts and sit-ins - has become increasingly important in the past century as a method for waging conflict and promoting social change. Nonviolent action has been adopted by many social movements, yet its potential impact has only begun to be realised. Some areas for future expansion of the role of nonviolent action include replacing military defence, technological design, challenging capitalism, bureaucratic politics, information struggles and interpersonal behaviour.

Cognitive Considerations For Effective Methods Of Learning Kanji For Non-Native Learners Of Japanese, H. Kaiho, G. Haththotuwa Gamage

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The learning of Chinese characters (Kanji) is one of the most difficult problems for learners from non-Kanji backgrounds．In this study, the difficulties are examined from a cognitive perspective and several promising proposals for learning Kanji are offered with respect to (1) problems originating in the Kanji characters themselves, and　(2) problems associated with learning environments．

Ecofeminism And Globalism: A Critical Appraisal, J. Sydee, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Ecofeminism offers a useful yet limited framework through which to critique globalisation. Ecofeminism claims that the domination of women and of nature are intrinsically linked. Material ecofeminists, in particular, focus on the material conditions of women’s lives locating the source of this twin domination in patriarchal capitalism. These ecofeminists provide insights into the impacts of globalisation on women but their analysis of the causes of globalisation are limited. They identify globalisation as an outgrowth of patriarchal capitalism, insisting on the primacy of gender as the determinant of social organisation and arguing that it is the dichotomy between production and reproduction …

Dual Perceptions Of Hrd: Issues For Policy: Sme's, Other Constituencies, And The Contested Definitions Of Human Resource Development, Diana J. Kelly

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper seeks to identify what scholars and policy-makers in several arenas mean by "human resource development" (HRD), and what are their shared and different assumptions and objectives, with particular reference to small/medium enterprises (SMEs). The characteristics of successful SMEs are briefly considered, taking particular account of human factors. The notion of development-centred HRD is then explored and evaluated followed by an overview of what are the primary attributes and objectives of HRD for large enterprises (LEs), and then by a survey of the HRD goals of two major international organisations - the ILO and APEC. What these organisations conceptualise …

The Burden Of Proof And The Origin Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

There is a distinct difference in the way that different theories about the origin of AIDS have been treated, with the widely supported cut-hunter theory given relatively little scrutiny while the oral-polio-vaccine theory has been subject to intense criticism. This difference in treatment cannot be explained as application of the scientific method. A better explanation is that the burden of proof is put on all contenders to the cut-hunter theory, giving it an unfair advantage, especially given that this assignment of the burden of proof appears to reflect nonscientific factors.

Political Jiu-Jitsu Against Indonesian Repression: Studying Lower-Profile Nonviolent Resistance, Brian Martin, W. Varney, Adrian Vickers

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Most case studies of nonviolent action have focussed on prominent instances of open resistance to repression, especially successful resistance. Additional insight into the dynamics of nonviolent action can be gained by studying cases when resistance has been less widespread, less visible or less effective. The value of looking at such cases is illustrated by an examination of the toppling of Indonesian President Suharto in 1998 -- a prominent and successful exercise of nonviolent action -- and, for comparison, the Indonesian anticommunist massacres from 1965-1966 and repression in East Timor in the decade from 1975, two cases where nonviolent resistance was …

A Passion For Planning, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Extract from article: Planning. It’s so very logical, sensible and rational. Is it possible to passionate about it? After all, the word "passion" has connotations of emotionality and spontaneity, almost opposite to the usual image of planning.

Well, I spend a lot of time planning. Certainly I’m committed to it, enthusiastic about it and enjoy doing it. So you could call it a passion.

Personal planning Years ago -- back in the early 1970s, to be honest -- I was living in Sydney. I had started running to keep fit, but every day it was a struggle to feel motivated. …

Secrets - Flying In Silence, Gerry Turcotte

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] “Sex”, my father said, “isn’t all that it’s made out to be. People talk about it as though they know what it is. Well don’t be fooled. No one’s really an expert ... unless they’re French Canadian”. He nodded seriously, and then smiled. “Like father like son, eh?” I agreed, gulping, wondering what my mother thought of all this. For the moment she was holding her peace. My father spread the Men’s magazine on the table. “This, though. This isn’t sex. These are pictures. It’s not real life.” I knew there was a moral in all this. I was …

The Promotion Of A Secular Work Ethic, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] The compulsion to work has clearly become pathological in modern industrial societies. Millions of people are working long hours, devoting their lives to making or doing things that will not enrich their lives or make them happier but will add to the garbage and pollution that the earth is finding difficult to accommodate. They are so busy doing this that they have little time to spend with their family and friends, to develop other aspects of themselves, to participate in their communities as full citizens. ...... Despite the dysfunctionality of the work ethic it continues to be promoted and …

Pharmaceutical Industry Agenda Setting In Mental Health Policies, R. Gosden, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The development of political agenda-setting through the use of sophisticated public relations techniques is threatening to undermine the delicate balance of representative democracy. This has important ramifications for policies aimed at providing mental health services and the implementation of mental health laws. The principal agenda setters in this area are pharmaceutical companies with commercial reasons to promote public policies that expand the sales of their products. They have manufactured highly effective advocacy coalitions that incorporate front groups in order to set the policy agenda for mental health. However, policies tailored to their commercial purpose are not necessarily beneficial either for …

Selling The Work Ethic, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] In modern industrial societies work and production have become ends in themselves. Employment has become such a priority that much environmental degradation is justified merely on the grounds that it provides jobs. And people are so concerned to keep their jobs that they are willing to do what their employers require of them even if they believe it is wrong or environmentally destructive. The social benefit of having the majority of ablebodied people in a society working hard all week goes unquestioned, particularly by those who work hardest. Few people today can imagine a society that does not revolve …

Global Spin, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This chapter examines the way that corporations have used their financial resources and power to counter the gains made by environmentalists, to reshape public opinion and to persuade politicians against increased environmental regulation. Corporate activism, ignited in the 1970s and rejuventated in the 1990s, has enabled a corporate agenda to dominate most debates about the state of the environment and what should be done about it. This situation poses grave dangers to the ability of democratic societies to respond to environmental threats.

Trading The Earth: The Politics Behind Tradeable Pollution Rights, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] Tradeable pollution rights and emissions trading are being increasingly used as an environmental policy tool for pollution control. It allows firms to trade the right to emit specific pollutants. Tradeable pollution rights were originally developed in the USA to cut costs to industry and enable economic growth to continue in highly polluted areas but they are increasingly being used in other countries for air (Moore 1994) and water pollution (James 1994). They are now being proposed as a method for meeting Kyoto Protocol targets for greenhouse gas emissions. Firms such as BP and Shell have already established internal carbon …

Negotiating Difference: Singaporean Women Building An Ethics Of Respect, Lenore T. Lyons

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Extract: The problem of difference emerged as a significant issue in western feminist theory making during the 1980s-1990s. In response to claims that western feminism ignored the lives and voices of third world women1, attention was increasingly been placed on the need to forge broad-based coalitions that embrace difference and commonality. But, in the call to build coalitions, little work focused on the meaning of difference in the everyday lives of feminist activists; how do feminists work with women who are different to themselves? In this paper I examine the lives of women who belong to the Singaporean feminist organisation …

Re-Telling ‘Us’: Researching The Lives Of Singaporean Women, Lenore T. Lyons

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Extract: Feminist scholars have long been interested in the politics of speech acts. Early calls for a ‘feminist methodology’ were premised on a claim that in order to overcome the bias of malestream science, women should write about their own lives and experiences. Feminists asserted that androcentrism had as much to do with who was conducting the research as what was under investigation. Growing criticism that feminists themselves had replicated such practices in their writings about ‘other’ women signalled a renewed interest in the politics of speech. This interest is based on an acknowledgment that women are “not politically equal, …

Us Failing To Heed Any Lessons From History, Anthony Ashbolt

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

As the world witnessed the cold ferocity of terrorism last week - the shattering loss of life, the enormous suffering of the American people - it became clear quickly that madness was to be met by madness. It is perhaps understandable that irrational policy flows from seemingly irrational events. It is not, however, good for world peace or even good for the fight against terrorism. Xenophobia, jingoism and racism are not logical or considered responses to international terrorism.

Liberation, Commodity Culture And Community In "The Golden Age Of Promiscuity", Guy R. Davidson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This essay examines the literal choreography of gay identity in the bars and discos of 1970s America.

Evangelical Christianity And The Appeal Of The Middle Aaes: The Case Of Bishop Charles Venn Pilcher, Graham Barwell, John Kennedy

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In recent years in studies of the Weste,n Middle Ages, there has been an increasing interest in medievalism itself, rather than simply in the cultures and their cultural products. I Such interest has not been confined to the European countries, but has extended to others, the United States or Australia, for example, where the teaching of medieval studies has often been based on a sense of a European cultural inheritance. As part of this shift in direction, specific attention has been paid to the medievalism of a variety of enthusiasts, editors, translators, teachers and scholars. Some of the focus has …

Authenticated Electronic Editions Project: A Progress Report, Graham Barwell, Phillip Berrie, Paul Eggert, Chris Tiffin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In 1991 the Academy of the Humanities established a series, the Academy Editions of Australian Literature, consisting of critical editions in book form of some of the major contributions to Australian literary culture of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The works chosen for inclusion in the series do not currently exist in reliable editions, so the text of each work is freshly edited to be as accurate and reliable as possible. Each edition includes the editor’s introduction, and textual and explanatory notes, while some editions offer background essays by other scholars, maps, chronologies and similar aids for readers. The …

Issues In Electronic Scholarly Editions: Has Hypertext Made An Honest Woman Of Us At Last?, Graham Barwell, Phillip Berrie, Paul Eggert, Chris Tiffin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

There have been at least three significant attempts in the last fifty years to comprehend what exactly is this text thing that we scholarly editors and textual critics work with. The initial wave was the Greg-Bowers New Bibliography which tried conscientiously to use all surviving witnesses as forensic evidence to reconstruct the author's intention. The text according to this view was ultimately a product of volition, and the task of the textual critic was a recuperative psycho-historico-linguistic one. The second attempt was marked by Continental inclusiveness and semiotic despair at identifying a single stable authoritative version. This despair produced the …

Genres, Registers, Text Types, Domains And Styles: Clarifying The Concepts And Nevigating A Path Through The Bnc Jungle, David Y. W. Lee

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In this paper, an attempt is first made to clarify and tease apart the somewhat confusing terms genre, register, text type, domain, sublanguage, and style. The use of these terms by various linguists and literary theorists working under different traditions or orientations will be examined and a possible way of synthesising their insights will be proposed and illustrated with reference to the disparate categories used to classify texts in various existing computer corpora. With this terminological problem resolved, a personal project which involved giving each of the 4,124 British National Corpus (BNC, version 1) files a descriptive "genre" label will …

Defining Genocide: Defining History?, Deborah Mayersen

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Defining 'genocide' has been a contentious task for historians. Many eminent scholars have argued that it is most useful to work with the legal definition of genocide accepted by the United Nations in 1948, and upon which the Convention on the Prevention and the Punishment of the Crime of Genocide was established. Others have proposed that an alternative definition, broader and less legalistic than the UN definition, would be more useful. However, it is clear on both sides of the debate that it is a choice loaded with consequence. Historians who accept the legal definition of genocide as most appropriate …

Enjoying 'Reality Tv', Ian Buchanan

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Big Brother, Boot Camp, Castaway, Shipwrecked, and the oh-so-glamorous Survivor, how much 'Reality TV' can we stand? More to the point, why do we want any of it? In other words, why do any of these shows even exist, what fantasy need do they fulfil? The temptation to invoke 'voyeurism' at this point is almost irresistible and is to be resisted for precisely that reason; the ease with which it seems to answer the questions begged by 'Reality TV' should be sufficient to alert us that it is what de Certeau calls a 'black sun', that is, something which however …

Benang: From The Heart: 'I Found Myself Among Paper', Lisa Slater

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In his first novel True Country. Kim Scon esrablished himself as a writer who is determi ned to investigate the continued traumatic effects of colonial violence. Harley, the protagonist of Scott's second novel Benang: from the Heart (thc co-winner of the Miles Franklin award), takes up a pen in response to reductionist assimilationist records. He states: But I found myself among paper, words not formed by an intention corresponding to my own, and I read a world weak in creative spirit.

Neoliberal Think Tanks And Free Market Environmentalism, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] The root of the environmental problem, however, is the priority given to economic considerations over environmental considerations. Economic instruments, privatisation and environmental ‘valuation’ ensure that priority is still given to economic goals and they enable firms to make decisions that affect others on the basis of their own economic interests. Even if those economic interests have been slightly modified to give a small economic value to environmental impacts, the basic paradigm remains unchanged: whenever big profits can be made the environment will be destroyed.

Book Review Of: Newmedia.Com.Au, Brian M. Yecies

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Intersections: A Transdisciplinary Approach To Media, Identity And Place, Tanja Dreher

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper examines Cabramatta as an intersection of many cultural flows and diverse experiences and argues for a transdisciplinary approach and a focus on place to adequately grasp and analyse the comlexity of media and social relations in culturally diverse contexts.

Are Electronic Editions Inherently Obsolete?, Graham Barwell, Phillip Berrie, Paul Eggert, Chris Tiffin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper presents a challenge to the current print-based paradigm for creating electronic editions in terms of their long term viability. It discusses some of the problems inherent with the use of embedded markup and describes how these problems could cause the loss of such editions to the human record. This paper describes how the Authenticated Electronic Editions Project is using the techniques of Data Simplification, Standoff Markup and Just In Time Authentication in the creation of a new type of electronic text that does not suffer the same limitations.