Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Engineering (10)
- Science and Technology Studies (10)
- Education (5)
- Behavior and Ethology (2)
- Communication (2)
-
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (2)
- Life Sciences (2)
- Psychology (2)
- Animal Studies (1)
- Applied Ethics (1)
- Arts and Humanities (1)
- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms (1)
- Business (1)
- Business Administration, Management, and Operations (1)
- Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics (1)
- Cognition and Perception (1)
- Comparative Psychology (1)
- Computer Sciences (1)
- Criminal Law (1)
- Economic Theory (1)
- Economics (1)
- Education Policy (1)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (1)
- Educational Leadership (1)
- Educational Methods (1)
- Engineering Education (1)
- Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication (1)
- Gifted Education (1)
- Higher Education (1)
- Institution
Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Indirect Reciprocity, Resource Sharing, And Environmental Risk: Evidence From Field Experiments In Siberia, E. Lance Howe, James J. Murphy, Drew Gerkey, Colin Thor West
Indirect Reciprocity, Resource Sharing, And Environmental Risk: Evidence From Field Experiments In Siberia, E. Lance Howe, James J. Murphy, Drew Gerkey, Colin Thor West
ESI Publications
Integrating information from existing research, qualitative ethnographic interviews, and participant observation, we designed a field experiment that introduces idiosyncratic environmental risk and a voluntary sharing decision into a standard public goods game. Conducted with subsistence resource users in rural villages on the Kamchatka Peninsula in Northeast Siberia, we find evidence consistent with a model of indirect reciprocity and local social norms of helping the needy. When participants are allowed to develop reputations in the experiments, as is the case in most small-scale societies, we find that sharing is increasingly directed toward individuals experiencing hardship, good reputations increase aid, and the …
Marine Mammal Behavior: A Review Of Conservation Implications, Philippa Brakes, Sasha R. X. Dall
Marine Mammal Behavior: A Review Of Conservation Implications, Philippa Brakes, Sasha R. X. Dall
Social Behavior Collection
The three orders which comprise the extant marine mammals exhibit a wide range of behaviors, varying social structures, and differences in social information use. Human impacts on marine mammals and their environments are ubiquitous; from chemical and noise pollution, to marine debris, prey depletion, and ocean acidification. As a result, no marine mammal populations remain entirely unaffected by human activities. Conservation may be hindered by an inadequate understanding of the behavioral ecology of some of these species. As a result of social structure, social information use, culture, and even behavioral syndromes, marine mammal social groups, and populations can be behaviorally …
12. Ethics And Leadership, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy
12. Ethics And Leadership, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy
CORE
In this module, students consider various ethical codes relevant in a position of leadership. By the end of the module, students will be able to differentiate between ethics and morals, examine how ethics and morals play a role in the decision making process, reframe their preconceptions of ethical decisions, and compare ethical and unethical paths to reach a certain goal. This module examines case studies of different ethical scenarios that challenge students to discuss different perspectives and develop their own opinions. Ethical and unethical leaders are also examined through historical and contemporary examples. Specifically, students look at the reasons behind …
A Systems Approach To Animal Communication, Eileen A. Hebets, Andrew B. Barron, Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Mark E. Hauber, Paul H. Mason, Kim L. Hoke
A Systems Approach To Animal Communication, Eileen A. Hebets, Andrew B. Barron, Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Mark E. Hauber, Paul H. Mason, Kim L. Hoke
Eileen Hebets Publications
Why animal communication displays are so complex and how they have evolved are active foci of research with a long and rich history. Progress towards an evolutionary analysis of signal complexity, however, has been constrained by a lack of hypotheses to explain similarities and/or differences in signalling systems across taxa. To address this, we advocate incorporating a systems approach into studies of animal communication—an approach that includes comprehensive experimental designs and data collection in combination with the implementation of systems concepts and tools. A systems approach evaluates overall display architecture, including how components interact to alter function, and how function …
Garden-Related Environmental Behavior And Weed Management: An Australian Case Study, Ren Hu, Nicholas J. Gill
Garden-Related Environmental Behavior And Weed Management: An Australian Case Study, Ren Hu, Nicholas J. Gill
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This study aims to identify the key drivers of two garden-related environmental behaviors (GEBs): plant choice and bush-friendly behavior. This is important for biodiversity conservation threatened by weed invasion from domestic gardens. The effects of self-control, time pressure, and knowledge of weed-control initiatives were examined. A mail survey was sent to suburban residents living adjacent to native bushland in Wollongong, New South Wales. Regression analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used. The path models for SEM were based on the theory of reasoned action. The results indicate that attitude, perceived harm, and knowledge of weed-control initiatives exert an effect …
Internal Energy Transfer In Dynamical Behavior Of Slightly Curved Shear Deformable Microplates, Mergen H. Ghayesh, Hamed Farokhi, Gursel Alici
Internal Energy Transfer In Dynamical Behavior Of Slightly Curved Shear Deformable Microplates, Mergen H. Ghayesh, Hamed Farokhi, Gursel Alici
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper investigates the internal energy transfer and modal interactions in the dynamical behavior of slightly curved microplates. Employing the third-order shear deformation theory, the microplate model is developed taking into account geometric nonlinearities as well as the modified couple stress theory; the initial curvature is modeled by an initial imperfection in the out-of-plane direction. The in-plane displacements and inertia are retained, and the coupled out-of-plane, rotational, and in-plane motion characteristics are analyzed. Specifically, continuous models are developed for kinetic and potential energies as well as damping and external works; these are balanced and reduced via Lagrange's equations along with …
Axial And Flexural Behavior Of Unreinforced And Frp Bar Reinforced Circular Concrete Filled Frp Tube Columns, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Qasim Khan, M Neaz Sheikh
Axial And Flexural Behavior Of Unreinforced And Frp Bar Reinforced Circular Concrete Filled Frp Tube Columns, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Qasim Khan, M Neaz Sheikh
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites have emerged as a viable alternative of steel reinforcement due to higher ultimate tensile strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance of FRP composites. Concrete Filled Fiber Reinforced Polymer Tube (CFFT) technique for new column construction has attracted significant research attention. This paper investigated the axial and flexural behavior of concrete filled Carbon FRP (CFRP) tube columns with and without CFRP bar and concrete filled Glass FRP (GFRP) tube columns with and without GFRP bar. The test results of 16 circular CFFT and four steel Reinforced Concrete (RC) specimens of 203-205 mm diameter and 800-812 …
Drained And Undrained Shear Behavior Of Compacted Coal Wash, Ana Heitor, Buddhima Indraratna, Chazath Kaliboullah, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Geoffrey Mcintosh
Drained And Undrained Shear Behavior Of Compacted Coal Wash, Ana Heitor, Buddhima Indraratna, Chazath Kaliboullah, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Geoffrey Mcintosh
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Coal wash is a granular waste material that is readily available in the vicinity of coal mining operations. While its potential use in structural fills has been recognized in the past, the effects of particle breakage on the geomechanical performance of the material have not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, an experimental study on a selected coal wash is undertaken to characterize the influence of compaction and particle breakage on its corresponding stress-strain behavior. Particular emphasis is given to the role of compaction energy level and associated breakage incurred during compaction on the drained and undrained shearing behavior. The …
Correlation Between Zn-Rich Phase And Corrosion/Oxidation Behavior Of Sn-8zn-3bi Alloy, Xin Zhang, Chong Li, Zhiming Gao, Yongchang Liu, Zongqing Ma, Liming Yu, Hui Jun Li
Correlation Between Zn-Rich Phase And Corrosion/Oxidation Behavior Of Sn-8zn-3bi Alloy, Xin Zhang, Chong Li, Zhiming Gao, Yongchang Liu, Zongqing Ma, Liming Yu, Hui Jun Li
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The microstructure of Sn-8Zn-3Bi alloy was refined by increasing the solidification rate and the correlation between Zn-rich phase and the corrosion/oxidation behavior of the alloy was investigated. The Zn-rich phase transforms from coarse flakes to fine needles dispersed in the β-Sn matrix with the increase of the cooling rate. The transformation of Zn-rich precipitates enhances the anticorrosive ability of Sn-8Zn-3Bi alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. On the contrary, Sn-8Zn-3Bi alloy with a fine needle-like Zn-rich phase shows poor oxidation resistance under air atmosphere, due to the fast diffusion of Zn atoms in Sn matrix.
Compressive Behavior Of Frp-Confined Concrete-Encased Steel Columns, Tao Yu, G Lin, Shi Shun Zhang
Compressive Behavior Of Frp-Confined Concrete-Encased Steel Columns, Tao Yu, G Lin, Shi Shun Zhang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
FRP-confined concrete-encased steel I-section columns (FCSCs) are an emerging form of hybrid columns. An FCSC consists of an outer FRP tube, an encased steel section and a concrete infill. The FCSCs possess many advantages over conventional reinforced concrete columns, including the excellent corrosion resistance, excellent ductility and ease for construction. Existing studies on FCSCs, however, have been rather limited. This paper presents a combined experimental and theoretical study on the behavior of FCSCs under concentric and eccentric compression. The experimental program included the testing of a total of 14 specimens, with the main variables being the section configuration, the thickness …
Nonlinear Dynamical Behavior Of Axially Accelerating Beams: Three-Dimensional Analysis, Mergen H. Ghayesh, Hamed Farokhi
Nonlinear Dynamical Behavior Of Axially Accelerating Beams: Three-Dimensional Analysis, Mergen H. Ghayesh, Hamed Farokhi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear dynamics of an axially accelerating beam is examined numerically taking into account all of the longitudinal, transverse, and lateral displacements and inertia. Hamilton's principle is employed in order to derive the nonlinear partial differential equations governing the longitudinal, transverse, and lateral motions. These equations are transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of the Galerkin discretization technique. The nonlinear global dynamics of the system is then examined by time-integrating the discretized equations of motion. The results are presented in the form of bifurcation diagrams of Poincare maps, time histories, phase-plane portraits, Poincare …
Mechanical Properties And Tribological Behavior Of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced With In-Situ Alb2 Particles, Linlin Yuan, Jingtao Han, Jing Liu, Zhengyi Jiang
Mechanical Properties And Tribological Behavior Of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced With In-Situ Alb2 Particles, Linlin Yuan, Jingtao Han, Jing Liu, Zhengyi Jiang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with in-situ AlB2 particles have been fabricated using a combination of powder metallurgy, hot rolling and solution treatment. The effects of boron content (7 and 12 wt%), hot rolling and heat treatment parameters on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile test and micro-hardness measurements. The friction coefficient, wear behavior and scratch morphology of the AMCs and pure aluminum were also studied using scratch tests. The hardness and wear properties are higher in a case of composites when compared to unreinforced matrix material.
Arc Erosion Behavior Of La-Doping Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy, Ping Hu, Bo-Liang Hu, Kuai-She Wang, Fan Yang, Rui Song, Zhi-Tao Yu, Qiang Wang, Wei-Cheng Cao, Dong-Xin Liu, Geng An, Lei Guo, Hai Liang Yu
Arc Erosion Behavior Of La-Doping Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy, Ping Hu, Bo-Liang Hu, Kuai-She Wang, Fan Yang, Rui Song, Zhi-Tao Yu, Qiang Wang, Wei-Cheng Cao, Dong-Xin Liu, Geng An, Lei Guo, Hai Liang Yu
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
La-doping titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloys have good arc erosion resistance performances, but there is no research about the changes during the arc erosion. Arc erosion characteristics of La-doping titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloys after 5000 operations under direct current 20 V, 15 A and resistive load conditions were investigated using a JF04C test system. The results indicated that the probability distribution and change trend of arc energy and arc time during 5000 operations were similar and the relationship between arc time and arc energy followed exponential function. The change of arc energy with test number was consistent to electrical resistance. Oxide particles, crater and cracks …
Hydrostatic Compression Behavior And High-Pressure Stabilized Β-Phase In Γ-Based Titanium Aluminide Intermetallics, Klaus-Dieter Liss, Ken-Ichi Funakoshi, Rian J. Dippenaar, Yuji Higo, Ayumi Shiro, Mark H. Reid, Hiroshi Suzuki, Takahisa Shobu, Koichi Akita
Hydrostatic Compression Behavior And High-Pressure Stabilized Β-Phase In Γ-Based Titanium Aluminide Intermetallics, Klaus-Dieter Liss, Ken-Ichi Funakoshi, Rian J. Dippenaar, Yuji Higo, Ayumi Shiro, Mark H. Reid, Hiroshi Suzuki, Takahisa Shobu, Koichi Akita
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Titanium aluminides find application in modern light-weight, high-temperature turbines, such as aircraft engines, but suffer from poor plasticity during manufacturing and processing. Huge forging presses enable materials processing in the 10-GPa range, and hence, it is necessary to investigate the phase diagrams of candidate materials under these extreme conditions. Here, we report on an in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction study in a large-volume press of a modern (α2 + γ) two-phase material, Ti-45Al-7.5Nb-0.25C, under pressures up to 9.6 GPa and temperatures up to 1686 K. At room temperature, the volume response to pressure is accommodated by the transformation γ → …
Correlates Of Children's Objectively Measured Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior In Early Childhood Education And Care Services: A Systematic Review, Karen Tonge, Rachel A. Jones, Anthony D. Okely
Correlates Of Children's Objectively Measured Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior In Early Childhood Education And Care Services: A Systematic Review, Karen Tonge, Rachel A. Jones, Anthony D. Okely
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective: To systematically review the correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior among children in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services. Appropriate levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior are important to promote in ECEC services. Methods: A systematic search of 8 databases identified 27 studies published between 1992 and 2015 that met the inclusion criteria. The data were collected and analyzed in 2014 and 2015, and variables were categorized using a Social Ecological Framework. Results: Sixty-six variables were identified. The domains of child characteristics (18 studies) and physical environmental factors (17 studies) were most consistently studied, and, for …
Prenatal Alcohol And Nicotine Exposure And The Subsequent Cognitive And Behavioral Deficits Seen In Children, Abigail P. Stewart
Prenatal Alcohol And Nicotine Exposure And The Subsequent Cognitive And Behavioral Deficits Seen In Children, Abigail P. Stewart
Senior Honors Theses
Prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure have well known physiological effects on the fetus. However, it is the goal of this thesis to inform the reader of of the deleterious effects that these substances can have on cognitive and behavioral development in children. A literature review in relation to this topic was conducted through online databases using key words. Though some of the results were inconsistent, enough evidence exists for women to be educated on the increased risks for cognitive and behavioral deficits in children exposed to alcohol and nicotine in utero.
Consent, Culpability, And The Law Of Rape, Kimberly Kessler Ferzan
Consent, Culpability, And The Law Of Rape, Kimberly Kessler Ferzan
All Faculty Scholarship
This Article explores the relationship between consent and culpability. The goal is to present a thorough exposition of the tradeoffs at play when the law adopts different conceptions of consent. After describing the relationship between culpability, wrongdoing, permissibility, and consent, I argue that the best conception of consent—one that reflects what consent really is—is the conception of willed acquiescence. I then contend that to the extent that affirmative consent standards are aimed at protecting defendants, this can be better achieved through mens rea provisions. I then turn to the current victim-protecting impetus for affirmative expression standards, specifically, requirements that the …
A Vernacular Of Surveillance: Taylor Swift And Miley Cyrus Perform White Authenticity, Rachel E. Dubrofsky
A Vernacular Of Surveillance: Taylor Swift And Miley Cyrus Perform White Authenticity, Rachel E. Dubrofsky
Communication Faculty Publications
This article looks at popular visual media in the context of the larger surveillance society in which it occurs. Bringing into conversation scholarship in feminist media studies, surveillance, performance, and critical race studies, the piece offers another way to explore race in popular media and consider the implications of surveillance. The work examines how principles from contexts of surveillance carry over into contexts not under surveillance. The article explores the vernacularization-the process of making things mundane, everyday, unremarkable-of ideas about authenticity and performing, and the implications when it comes to race issues, which are animated in contexts of surveillance, but …
Impacts Of Music On Sectional View Drawing Ability For Engineering Technology Students As Measured Through Technical Drawings, Petros J. Katsioloudis, Mildred Jones, Vukica Jovanovic
Impacts Of Music On Sectional View Drawing Ability For Engineering Technology Students As Measured Through Technical Drawings, Petros J. Katsioloudis, Mildred Jones, Vukica Jovanovic
STEMPS Faculty Publications
Results from a number of studies indicate that the use of different types of music can influence cognition and behavior; however, research provides inconsistent results. Considering this, a quasi-experimental study was conducted to identify the existence of statistically significant effects on sectional view drawing ability due to the impacts of music. In particular, the study compared the use of three different types of music; classical, rock, heavy metal and whether a significant difference exists towards sectional view drawing ability, among engineering technology students. According to the results of this study it is suggested that the impact of music provides no …