Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Journal

2010

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication

Articles 1 - 30 of 2185

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Michigan State University School Of Agrifood Governance And Technoscience: Democracy, Justice, And Sustainability In An Age Of Scientism, Marketism, And Statism, Jason Konefal, Maki Hatanaka Dec 2010

The Michigan State University School Of Agrifood Governance And Technoscience: Democracy, Justice, And Sustainability In An Age Of Scientism, Marketism, And Statism, Jason Konefal, Maki Hatanaka

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

In this article, we introduce the Michigan State University (MSU) School of Agrifood Governance and Technoscience. Centered on the work of Dr. Lawrence Busch, the MSU School examines how science, the market, and the state function in food and agriculture, and possibilities to make these institutions more democratic, equitable, and just. Research by the MSU School consists of four specific foci: (1) actor-network theory and commodity studies, (2) standards, (3) third-party certification and tripartite standards regimes, and (4) supermarkets and supply chain management. We review each of these areas and discuss how the research in each contributes to democratizing science, …

Go to article

Standards, Law, And Governance, Lawrence Busch Dec 2010

Standards, Law, And Governance, Lawrence Busch

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

The last several centuries have been marked first by a tendency toward the use of standards to standardize, and then by the use of standards to differentiate. Both have been built on the legal edifice of the state. More recently, in response to the rapid rise of neoliberalism, standardized differentiation has increased in scope and has become part of a larger Tripartite Standards Regime (TSR) consisting of standards, certifications, and accreditations. Over the last half century, the TSR has grown to cover nearly every aspect of social life. In many ways this new form of governance replaces and transmutes positive …

Go to article

Assessing Rule-Based Governance Mechanisms In An Era Of Scientism, Maki Hatanaka Dec 2010

Assessing Rule-Based Governance Mechanisms In An Era Of Scientism, Maki Hatanaka

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

With neoliberal reforms and economic globalization, much of the regulation of food and agriculture is shifting from the state to the private sphere. Building on Busch’s work on science, the state, and the market, this paper examines the ways in which the governance of food and agriculture has become increasingly scientized with the use of third-party certification (TPC). TPC is a rule-based governance mechanism that consists of technical rules and procedures, which are based on scientific norms and practices. Using longitudinal research on an organic shrimp project in Indonesia, this paper examines the practices of TPC. Specifically, the focus is …

Go to article

A Note On The Economy Of Qualities: Attributing Production Practices To Agricultural Practices, B. James Deaton, Lawrence Busch, Warren J. Samuels, Paul B. Thompson Dec 2010

A Note On The Economy Of Qualities: Attributing Production Practices To Agricultural Practices, B. James Deaton, Lawrence Busch, Warren J. Samuels, Paul B. Thompson

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Agricultural products are valued for many attributes including those that describe production practices. These production attributes are established through public and private efforts to promulgate standards and labels that differentiate products based on labor treatment, environmental impact, animal welfare, and other practices that occur during production. Organizations, like third-party certifiers, coordinate information and give credence to products in a way that enables consumers to differentiate products by production practices. Libertarian and utilitarian arguments may be used in the normative debate surrounding the appropriate role of government in sponsoring standards and labels that inform consumers about the modes of production.

Go to article

An Interview With Dr. Lawrence Busch Of The Michigan State University School Of Agrifood Governance And Technoscience, Jason Konefal, Maki Hatanaka Dec 2010

An Interview With Dr. Lawrence Busch Of The Michigan State University School Of Agrifood Governance And Technoscience, Jason Konefal, Maki Hatanaka

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

An Interview with Dr. Lawrence Busch of the Michigan State University School of Agrifood Governance and Technoscience

Go to article

Science, Standards, And Power: New Food Safety Governance In California, Diana Stuart Dec 2010

Science, Standards, And Power: New Food Safety Governance In California, Diana Stuart

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

In 2006, an outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 associated with California spinach resulted in widespread illness across the United States. The magnitude of the outbreak and the resulting media attention demanded a change in the governance of leafy green produce. Drawing from more than 130 personal interviews, this paper critically examines how powerful players in the produce industry organized a strategic approach to governing leafy greens production in California. Networks are used to explore the evolution of new industry-led food safety standards and how they directly conflicted with and overpowered environmental agendas. This paper highlights serious concerns regarding participation and …

Go to article

Constructing Credibility: Using Technoscience To Legitimate Strategies In Agrifood Governance, Carmen Bain, Elizabeth Ransom, Michelle R. Worosz Dec 2010

Constructing Credibility: Using Technoscience To Legitimate Strategies In Agrifood Governance, Carmen Bain, Elizabeth Ransom, Michelle R. Worosz

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Agrifood scholars working within a political economy framework increasingly draw upon the concept of governance to analyze the regulation of global agricultural and food systems. An important limitation of this approach is that it fails to explain how governance strategies are legitimated. Drawing on three diverse cases that span three continents, our paper examines how standards makers appeal to technoscientific norms and values to establish both credibility for their standards and their authority in constructing them. These cases explore the development and implementation of a standard requiring complete elimination of a tart cherry insect pest in the United States; the …

Go to article

Sustainably Performed: Reconciling Global Value Chain Governance And Performativity, Allison Loconto Dec 2010

Sustainably Performed: Reconciling Global Value Chain Governance And Performativity, Allison Loconto

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Merging theories of performativity with Global Value Chains (GVC) analysis, I explore how standards are used within GVCs to govern interactions among actors and to perform a multiplicity of ‘sustainabilities.’ Specifically, this paper presents four case studies of certified tea production in Tanzania (i.e., the Ethical Tea Partnership, Fairtrade, Organic, and Rainforest Alliance) to reveal how visions of sustainability are enacted by different actors in each certified value chain. This analysis reveals that, while the Rainforest Alliance and Ethical Tea Partnership ‘sustainabilities’ are ‘generically’ performed,the Fairtrade andOrganic ‘sustainabilities’ are ‘effective’ in enacting multiple versions of sustainability that have facilitated changes …

Go to article

Gregory S. Alexander And Eduardo M Penalver, Property And Community, Charles C. Geisler Dec 2010

Gregory S. Alexander And Eduardo M Penalver, Property And Community, Charles C. Geisler

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Review of Property and Community, by Gregory S. Alexander and Eduardo M. Peñalver (eds.)

Go to article

Food, The Environment, And Democracy: A Case Study Of The Marine Conservation Movement's Shift From State-Centered To Market-Based Approaches, Jason Konefal Dec 2010

Food, The Environment, And Democracy: A Case Study Of The Marine Conservation Movement's Shift From State-Centered To Market-Based Approaches, Jason Konefal

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

This paper examines the shift by the marine conservation movement from state-centered to market-based strategies and its implications for the democratization of food and agriculture. Using two theoretical frameworks form social movement theory – the opportunities approach and resource mobilization theory – three factors are identified as driving the shift by marine conservation organizations to market-based strategies. First, limited success using state-centered strategies created the impetus for marine conservation organizations to seek out alternative strategies. Second, changes in food and agriculture created opportunities for market based strategies. Specifically, the emergence of retailers as leader actors, the development of an economy …

Go to article

Patrick J. Carr And Maria J. Kefalas, Hollowing Out The Middle: The Rural Brain Drain And What It Means For America, Peter A. Kindle Dec 2010

Patrick J. Carr And Maria J. Kefalas, Hollowing Out The Middle: The Rural Brain Drain And What It Means For America, Peter A. Kindle

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Review of Hollowing Out the Middle: The Rural Brain Drain and What It Means for America, by Patrick J. Carr and Maria J. Kefalas

Go to article

A Role For Ethical Analysis In Social Research On Agrifood And Environmental Standards, Kyle Powys White, Paul B. Thompson Dec 2010

A Role For Ethical Analysis In Social Research On Agrifood And Environmental Standards, Kyle Powys White, Paul B. Thompson

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Lawrence Busch claims that, although some philosophers may recognize the ethical import of standards, they do not endeavor to understand how people justify standards in social reality. The argument in this paper is that the Michigan State University (MSU) School of Agrifood Governance and Technoscience should actually be understood as fleshing out a more important role for ethicists. This argument is explored through an analysis of the MSU School’s research on standards, a reassessment of J.O. Urmson’s “On Grading,” and a review of major ethical theories, from utilitarianism to discourse ethics. The conclusion is that, though standards may be used …

Go to article

Technoscience In Agriculture: Reflections On The Contributions Of The Msu School Of Sociology Of Food And Agriculture, Keiko Tanaka, Arunsa Juska Dec 2010

Technoscience In Agriculture: Reflections On The Contributions Of The Msu School Of Sociology Of Food And Agriculture, Keiko Tanaka, Arunsa Juska

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

This paper argues that one of the most important contributions of the MSU School of Agrifood Governance and Technoscience (MSU-SAGT) was its focus on previously less explored and analyzed roles of technoscience in agriculture.The notion of technoscience was derived from the broader field of Science and Technology Studies, especially from Actor Network Theory.Studies conducted under Lawrence Busch’s direction conceptualized this notion to indicate networks/collectives of human and nonhuman actors implicated in production, distribution and consumption of food. While these studies analyzed the role of technoscience in transforming agriculture, they also examined ethical issues (e.g.,social justice and democracy)that arise from the …

Go to article

Governance, Globalization, And The State, Alessandro Bonanno Dec 2010

Governance, Globalization, And The State, Alessandro Bonanno

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Analisis Politik Dan Kebijakan Pembiayaan Rumah Sakit Pemerintah Dki Jakarta, Sandra Olivia, Dumilah Ayuningtyas Dec 2010

Analisis Politik Dan Kebijakan Pembiayaan Rumah Sakit Pemerintah Dki Jakarta, Sandra Olivia, Dumilah Ayuningtyas

Kesmas

Telah diyakini bahwa untuk mencapai visi Indonesia Sehat 2010 pembiayaan rumah sakit merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi kualitas kesehatan masyarakat. Namun, menurut indikator Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Indonesia masih menempati posisi ke-110 dari 117 negara di dunia. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan untuk memahami politik dan kebijakan pembiayaan pengelolaan rumah sakit pemerintah DKI Jakarta. Dua rumah sakit milik Pemerintah DKI Jakarta, yaitu Rumah Sakit Pasar Rebo dan Rumah Sakit Duren Sawit dipilih sebagai sampel. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dimana pengambilan data primer dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam. Pada kedua rumah sakit ini dikumpulkan data mengenai peraturan dan regulasi serta …

Go to article

The World Health Report 2000: A Case Study On The Indonesia National Health System, Jerico Franciscus Pardosi Dec 2010

The World Health Report 2000: A Case Study On The Indonesia National Health System, Jerico Franciscus Pardosi

Kesmas

Laporan Kesehatan Dunia (LKD) tahun 2000, yang memfokuskan pada program peningkatan kinerja sistem kesehatan, mengundang banyak pro dan kontra. Artikel ini menilai secara kritis laporan tersebut terhadap sistem kesehatan nasional Indonesia. Artikel ini membahas unsur-unsur model evaluasi WHO, pembobotan indikator yang digunakan, ukuran variabel, dan sumber data. Sebanyak 191 negara di dunia, Indonesia telah mencapai total peringkat 106, dengan tingkat kesehatan dan distribusi kesehatan masing-masing pada posisi 103 dan 156. Lebih lanjut, ketanggapan dan keadilan pembiayaan kesehatan masing-masing berada pada peringkat 63-64 dan 73. Sementara itu, indikator pengeluaran kesehatan berada pada peringkat 154 dengan kinerja Sistem Kesehatan Nasional Indonesia untuk …

Go to article

A Study On The Development Of A Global Community From A Legal Perspective, Sung-Soo Han Dec 2010

A Study On The Development Of A Global Community From A Legal Perspective, Sung-Soo Han

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Constraints Of The Agreement On South Asian Free Trade Area And Saarc Agreement On Trade In Services Militating Against Sub-Regional Trade Proliferation In South Asia, Rizwanul Islam Dec 2010

Constraints Of The Agreement On South Asian Free Trade Area And Saarc Agreement On Trade In Services Militating Against Sub-Regional Trade Proliferation In South Asia, Rizwanul Islam

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Information-Seeking Behavior Of Novelists In Archives, Cary G. Osborne Dec 2010

Information-Seeking Behavior Of Novelists In Archives, Cary G. Osborne

Journal of Western Archives

Archives are a frequently untapped resource for novelists. Accounts of daily life, the lives of individuals, details of specific eras, and other minutiae found in the documents and memorabilia housed in archives can be used to fill out the essential scenes and events of the stories. Such facts and personal details help fiction writers make their stories real to readers and keep misconceptions and factual errors out. This study looks at the limited literature on the subject of authors in archives and presents examples of the types of information housed in particular archives to illustrate the kinds of details that …

Go to article

Evaluation Of Be Wise About Your Portion Size: A Nutrition Education Program For Floridians, Andrea C. Goosen, Laura K. Guyer, Linda B. Bobroff Dec 2010

Evaluation Of Be Wise About Your Portion Size: A Nutrition Education Program For Floridians, Andrea C. Goosen, Laura K. Guyer, Linda B. Bobroff

Florida Public Health Review

In the U.S., obesity is recognized as a growing epidemic whose increased prevalence among adults, children and adolescents present major health concerns. It is the second leading cause of preventable death, surpassed only by tobacco use. Research indicates that controlling the portion sizes of food is an effective way to lose and maintain weight loss. The nutrition education program, “Be Wise about Your Portion Size (BWPS),” was developed in 2005 by the Florida Interagency Food and Nutrition Committee (FIFNC) to support the efforts of community-based nutrition educators. The resource manual provides background information about obesity, consumer handouts, and lesson plans …

Go to article

Translating Hemoglobin A1c Scores Across An Ethnically Diverse Population: Is The Language Consistent Across All Races?, Corliss M. Allen, Eartha S. Butler, Joseph Negusei, Celeste Hart, Ivette A. López, Cynthia M. Harris, Penny Ralston Dec 2010

Translating Hemoglobin A1c Scores Across An Ethnically Diverse Population: Is The Language Consistent Across All Races?, Corliss M. Allen, Eartha S. Butler, Joseph Negusei, Celeste Hart, Ivette A. López, Cynthia M. Harris, Penny Ralston

Florida Public Health Review

Hemoglobin A1c testing is an accepted measure of how well the blood glucose level has been controlled in the recent past (six to eight weeks) among individuals with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood glucose in an ethnically diverse population in a clinical setting. A cross-sectional research design was employed to explore associations between these two diabetes control measures in a sample of African American, White and Hispanic patients receiving diabetes treatment and follow-up in an outpatient clinic in Tallahassee, Florida. Data collection included a questionnaire, medical examinations, and …

Go to article

Spartan Daily December 9, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2010

Spartan Daily December 9, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 135, Issue 53

Go to article

Spartan Daily December 8, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2010

Spartan Daily December 8, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 135, Issue 52

Go to article

Spartan Daily December 7, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2010

Spartan Daily December 7, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 135, Issue 51

Go to article

Spartan Daily December 6, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2010

Spartan Daily December 6, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 135, Issue 50

Go to article

Spartan Daily December 2, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2010

Spartan Daily December 2, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 135, Issue 49

Go to article

Model Cities, Housing, And Renewal Policy In Portland, Maine: 1965-1974, John F. Bauman Dec 2010

Model Cities, Housing, And Renewal Policy In Portland, Maine: 1965-1974, John F. Bauman

Maine History

Shepherded through Congress by Maine Senator Edmund Muskie, the 1967 Model (or Demonstration) Cities Program was originally intended for the nation’s large, ghetto-ridden metropolises where it would target a host of social and economic programs including housing. Thanks to Senator Muskie, both Portland and Lewiston benefited. Before the Nixon Administration scuttled the program in 1973, Portland had created a host of innovative housing, social welfare, law enforcement, and educational programs, shifting the city’s urban renewal program away from its strict emphasis on brick-and-mortar planning. Portland was unique in making Model Cities a part of its downtown renewal. Energizing the city’s …

Go to article

“Taking Up The Slack”: Penobscot Bay Women And The Netting Industry, Nancy Payne Alexander Dec 2010

“Taking Up The Slack”: Penobscot Bay Women And The Netting Industry, Nancy Payne Alexander

Maine History

Between 1860 and 1900 the economy of Penobscot Bay communities changed dramatically, from the steady growth and prosperity of their natural resource-based economy to the decline in population and a painful transition to manufacturing and service industries. Both men and women had enjoyed independence in their labor in the old economy. The new cash economy made it necessary for them to seek out new ways of supporting their families, with home manufacture, or putting out work, one way of earning an income. They remained independent from an employer’s direct supervision and earned cash payment, a change from the face-to-face economy …

Go to article

The Hillbillies Of Maine: Rural Communities, Radio, And Country Music Performers, Erica Risberg Dec 2010

The Hillbillies Of Maine: Rural Communities, Radio, And Country Music Performers, Erica Risberg

Maine History

During the first third of the twentieth century, the United Sates underwent profound social, technological, and economic changes that fundamentally altered rural society. This shift created a divide between rural and urban dwellers, and by the 1930s, country people were developing their own cultural expressions, often reflecting the unique folkways of various regions — the South, Appalachia, the Ozark Plateau, the rural West. One such manifestation of country culture was old-time, or country-western music — also known as hillbilly music. At the time, radio broadcasting was at an experimental stage in reaching an American audience. Station WBLZ in Bangor covered …

Go to article

Minerva 2010, The Honors College Dec 2010

Minerva 2010, The Honors College

Minerva

This issue of Minerva celebrates the 75th anniversary of Honors at the University of Maine! It includes an article on the college's 75th anniversary celebration; a look into the inaugural Center for Undergraduate Research (CUGR) symposium; and discussions on 2010 Honors Read, Persepolis, as well as 2011 Honors Read, The Omnivore's Dilemma. Other highlights include an article on Honors graduate and historian, Kristen Gwinn, and her book Emily Greene Balch: The Long Road to Internationalism.

Go to article

Next Last