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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Human Security Dimension Of China’S Belt And Road Initiative, Rosita Dellios, R. James Ferguson
The Human Security Dimension Of China’S Belt And Road Initiative, Rosita Dellios, R. James Ferguson
Rosita Dellios
Despite the geopolitical calculations associated with China’s Belt and Road Initiative, and how this will allow Beijing greater influence in transregional relations, the human security dimension goes to the heart of China’s wider regional strategy. The importance of development cannot be understated even as the “rise of China” attracts the headlines. How well Beijing can engage wider human security concerns will be crucial for the success of this megaproject. It is argued that the human security aspect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative requires a stronger ethical base—one which draws on China’s own Confucian heritage. This allows for both cultural …
Modern Chinese Defence Strategy: Present Developments, Future Directions, Rosita Dellios
Modern Chinese Defence Strategy: Present Developments, Future Directions, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
The author argues that the Chinese believe in the strategy of "people's war under modern conditions", and are confident that middle-range technology and unconventional warfare and the combination of the "human" and "weapon" factors represent a successful application of the strategy. Extract: A new era in Chinese defence policy followed the ascent in 1977 of China's most powerful political and military leader since Mao. After being disgraced in 1966 and again in 1976, Deng Xiaoping (Teng Hsiao-ping) returned to the ruling ranks for the third time in July 1977. A decade of self-strengthening and reform would result. The objective of …
Silk Roads Of The Twenty-First Century: The Cultural Dimension, Rosita Dellios
Silk Roads Of The Twenty-First Century: The Cultural Dimension, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
Much has been written about China’s grand project of the twenty-first century, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road—or the Belt and Road Initiative. It is set to lift living standards through the provision of infrastructure and better connectivity where these are lacking. While economic re-sources are enumerated, and the maps of roads and corridors have been drafted, the cultural dimension is understudied. Beijing has not helped in this regard. Apart from vague slogans like ‘win–win cooperation’, ‘mutual respect’ and ‘community of common destiny’, there has been no concerted effort to showcase China’s thought culture …
International Relations Theory And Chinese Philosophy, Rosita Dellios
International Relations Theory And Chinese Philosophy, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
Extract:Insights drawn from a comparison between International Relations theory and Chinese philosophy provide a timely vantage point for ‘Chinese Engagements’ at this historical juncture of China’s emergence as a twenty-first century global power. In this chapter, after a brief historical background, three major International Relations theoretical perspectives are examined: neorealism, neoliberal institutionalism, and social constructivism. In addition, hegemonic stability theory and global governance are selected as concepts relevant to the globalised political world. The theory of correlativity is discussed as an introduction to Chinese philosophy and this is followed by Daoism, Confucianism and Buddhism as the tripartite philosophical foundations of …
Global Governance: New Organizational Concepts In A Culturally Diverse System, Rosita Dellios
Global Governance: New Organizational Concepts In A Culturally Diverse System, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
This paper argues that as the West re-balances with the East in 21st century global governance, new organizational concepts – with their associated forms and structures – will emerge. Of particular interest will be two organizational concepts. One is 'harmonious world' (hexie shijie), as articulated by PRC President Hu Jintao at the United Nations in 2005. It provides a nuanced Confucian form of global governance, adding to existing forms and norms of international organization. The other is 'mandalic regionalism'. Drawing from Indian strategic and spiritual tradition, it better explains the types of multilateral regional structures that are developing in Asia. …
Missing Mandalas: Development And Theoretical Gaps, Rosita Dellios
Missing Mandalas: Development And Theoretical Gaps, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
The mandala is a fitting metaphor to act as a model for a more balanced conception of development, one that recognizes culture as central to human resource development. A globalising world can be understood as a unity, in which cultural and material divisions - as well as connections – are more readily discerned. The mandala exhibits three key attributes necessary for a more balanced world. They are the integrating elements of the relational, the educational and orientational – whereby cultural and ethical direction serves to bestow meaning in people’s lives. In the opposite direction, a disintegrating world scenario would feature …
Sino-Indonesian Relations: Lessons From The Past, Rosita Dellios
Sino-Indonesian Relations: Lessons From The Past, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
In terms of both population and territory, Indonesia and China are the largest nations in their respective regions of Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. They share a long history of relations, with a 'golden age' of understanding dating back to the 7th century. This was when learned Buddhists from China would travel via Borobodur in Java in their pilgrimages to India. Later, from the 14th century, diplomatic and trade interactions were fostered by 'cultural brokers' on both sides. Chronicles show Javanese envoys of Chinese origin, such as Chen Yen-xiang, conducting diplomacy with China. Muslim Chinese, such as the celebrated Ming …
Mandalas Of Security, Rosita Dellios
Mandalas Of Security, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
In employing the constructional metaphor of 'architectures' for the constructive purpose of security enhancement in the eastern Asian region, it is but a small step to 'indigenise' the process by slipping into the mentality of mandala-building. In doing so, it is to be hoped that Asian security 'architectures' will prove more acceptable and accessible to participants - and thus efficacious in their purpose. The mandala adds nothing new to the experience of Asian communities but redirects effort towards existing cultural orientations. In effect, it is a conceptual device for refining Western technostructures in ways more meaningful to the needs and …
"How May The World Be At Peace?": Idealism As Realism In Chinese Strategic Culture, Rosita Dellios
"How May The World Be At Peace?": Idealism As Realism In Chinese Strategic Culture, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
There is a famous orientalism which declares: "Let the Chinese dragon sleep for when she awakes she will astonish the world." In this decade of China's self-strengthening, Western Realists seem to be seeing dragons again. Not so their geoeconomic counterparts. They see only markets. Neither the threat nor opportunity analysts, however, quite see China in the "round"; a mandala of security in which certain principles have long held sway over matters of survival and, indeed, benefit. An appreciation of China's cultural-philosophical tradition provides a corrective to these blinkered visions. More than that, it suggests a way forward in a world …
Mandala: From Sacred Origins To Sovereign Affairs In Traditional Southeast Asia, Rosita Dellios
Mandala: From Sacred Origins To Sovereign Affairs In Traditional Southeast Asia, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
This paper examines 'mandala' as a tradition of knowledge in Southeast Asia. It marries two concepts of mandala: (1) a Hindu-Buddhist religious diagram; with (2) a doctrine of traditional Southeast Asian 'international relations', derived from ancient Indian political discourse. It also highlights the value of Chinese thought as the 'yin' to ancient India's 'yang', in the construction of a Southeast Asian mandalic political culture. In its investigations, this paper draws on to the writings of key historians of this period, particularly O. W. Wolters, as well as the influential Indian text on governance, Kautilya's Arthasastra.