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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Automated Surface Sampling Of Lipids From Worn Contact Lenses Coupled With Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Simon H. Brown, Liam H. Huxtable, Mark D. P Willcox, Stephen J. Blanksby, Todd W. Mitchell
Automated Surface Sampling Of Lipids From Worn Contact Lenses Coupled With Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Simon H. Brown, Liam H. Huxtable, Mark D. P Willcox, Stephen J. Blanksby, Todd W. Mitchell
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The deposition of biological material (biofouling) onto polymeric contact lenses is thought to be a major contributor to lens discomfort and hence discontinuation of wear. We describe a method to characterize lipid deposits directly from worn contact lenses utilizing liquid extraction surface analysis coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LESA-MS/MS). This technique effected facile and reproducible extraction of lipids from the contact lens surfaces and identified lipid molecular species representing all major classes present in human tear film. Our data show that LESA-MS/MS is a rapid and comprehensive technique for the characterization of lipid-related biofouling on polymer surfaces.
The Small Heat-Shock Protein Αb-Crystallin Uses Different Mechanisms Of Chaperone Action To Prevent The Amorphous Versus Fibrillar Aggregation Of Α-Lactalbumin, Melissa Kulig, Heath Ecroyd
The Small Heat-Shock Protein Αb-Crystallin Uses Different Mechanisms Of Chaperone Action To Prevent The Amorphous Versus Fibrillar Aggregation Of Α-Lactalbumin, Melissa Kulig, Heath Ecroyd
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Stress conditions can destabilize proteins, promoting them to unfold and adopt intermediately folded states. Partially folded protein intermediates are unstable and prone to aggregation down off-folding pathways leading to the formation of either amorphous or amyloid fibril aggregates. The sHsp (small heat-shock protein) αB-crystallin acts as a molecular chaperone to prevent both amorphous and fibrillar protein aggregation; however, the precise molecular mechanisms behind its chaperone action are incompletely understood. To investigate whether the chaperone activity of αB-crystallin is dependent upon the form of aggregation (amorphous compared with fibrillar), bovine α-lactalbumin was developed as a model target protein that could be …
Simulation Study Of Ion Pairing In Concentrated Aqueous Salt Solutions With A Polarizable Force Field, Yun Luo, Wei Jiang, Haibo Yu, Alexander D. Mackerrell, Benoit Roux
Simulation Study Of Ion Pairing In Concentrated Aqueous Salt Solutions With A Polarizable Force Field, Yun Luo, Wei Jiang, Haibo Yu, Alexander D. Mackerrell, Benoit Roux
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The accuracy of empirical force fields is critical for meaningful molecular dynamics simulations of concentrated ionic solutions. Current models are typically developed on the basis of single ion properties such as the monohydrate energy in the gas phase, or the absolute hydration free energy at infinite dilution. However, the failure of these models to represent accurately the properties of concentrated solutions cannot be excluded. Here, these issues are illustrated for a polarizable potential based on classical Drude oscillators. To model accurately concentrated ionic solutions, the parameters of the potential functions are optimized to reproduce osmotic pressure data. The sodium-chloride potential …
Polymorphic Male Color Morphs Visualized With Steroids In Monomorphic Females: A Tool For Designing Analysis Of Sex-Limited Trait Inheritance, Mats M. Olsson, Mo Healey, Mark Wilson, Michael Tobler
Polymorphic Male Color Morphs Visualized With Steroids In Monomorphic Females: A Tool For Designing Analysis Of Sex-Limited Trait Inheritance, Mats M. Olsson, Mo Healey, Mark Wilson, Michael Tobler
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
In diploid animals, males and females share most of the genome (except sex-specific elements, such as sex chromosome genes), yet despite sharing the underlying genes that hard-wire traits, males and females may differ in their phenotypes when traits are controlled by proximate mechanisms, such as hormones. In color polymorphic species where coloration is only expressed in one sex, the design of studies of the inheritance of color and coevolved morph-specific traits (e.g. territorial vs sneaker strategies, skewed energetic investment in territorial defense vs sperm production, etc.) is compromised as the expression of morph-coding genes is only visualized in one sex. …
Streptokinase Variants From Streptococcus Pyogenes Isolates Display Altered Plasminogen Activation Characteristics - Implications For Pathogenesis, Simon M. Cook, Amanda Skora, Christine M. Gillen, Mark J. Walker, Jason D. Mcarthur
Streptokinase Variants From Streptococcus Pyogenes Isolates Display Altered Plasminogen Activation Characteristics - Implications For Pathogenesis, Simon M. Cook, Amanda Skora, Christine M. Gillen, Mark J. Walker, Jason D. Mcarthur
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) secretes streptokinase, a potent plasminogen activating protein. Among GAS isolates, streptokinase gene sequences (ska) are polymorphic and can be grouped into two distinct sequence clusters (termed cluster type-1 and cluster type-2) with cluster type-2 being further divided into sub-clusters type-2a and type-2b. In this study, far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that purified streptokinase variants of each type displayed similar secondary structure. Type-2b streptokinase variants could not generate an active site in Glu-plasminogen through non-proteolytic mechanisms while all other variants had this capability. Furthermore, when compared with other streptokinase variants, type-2b variants displayed a 29- …
Antioxidant And Anticancer Activities From Aerial Parts Of Acalypha Indica Linn, Duangsuree Sanseera, Wirat Niwatananun, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Apiwat Baramee, Kongkiat Trisuwan, Stephen G. Pyne
Antioxidant And Anticancer Activities From Aerial Parts Of Acalypha Indica Linn, Duangsuree Sanseera, Wirat Niwatananun, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Apiwat Baramee, Kongkiat Trisuwan, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Extracts of Acalypha indica Linn. (aerial parts) were investigated for antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, and cytotoxicity. The extracts showed a non-cytotoxic response against Vero cells (African green monkey kidney). The anticancer activity of the extracts was tested using the Resazurin Microplate Assay (REMA). The methanol extract showed anticancer activity against NCIH187-Small Cell Lung Cancer with an IC50 of 25.00 μgmL-1. In addition, the hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts also showed significant antioxidant activities with an IC50 of 6.19, 5.70, and 7.79 mg/mL, respectively, by means of the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts also showed significant …
Influence Of Plantlet Age And Different Soilless Culture On Acclimatization Of Stemona Curtisii Hook.F., Jiraporn Palee, Srisulak Dheeranupattana, Araya Jatisatienr, Sunanta Wangkarn, Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul, Stephen Pyne, Alison Ung, Thanapat Sastraruji
Influence Of Plantlet Age And Different Soilless Culture On Acclimatization Of Stemona Curtisii Hook.F., Jiraporn Palee, Srisulak Dheeranupattana, Araya Jatisatienr, Sunanta Wangkarn, Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul, Stephen Pyne, Alison Ung, Thanapat Sastraruji
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The aim of this experiment was to study the optimal age of Stemona curtisii plantlets for acclimatization. The in vitro shoots of S. curtisii were cultured on Murashige and Skoog solid medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid to induce roots. Then, the plantlets from in vitro culture of 4, 8 and 12 week-old were transferred into the soil and their survival rate during the acclimatization process in the greenhouse was investigated. It was found that the 8 week-old plantlets had the highest survival rate of 80%. However, to enhance the survival rate of these plantlets, a soilless …
Synthesis Of Spirocyclic Azacycles From The Cyclization Of Furan Tethered N-Acyliminium Ions, Sudhir R. Shengule, Anthony Willis, Stephen G. Pyne
Synthesis Of Spirocyclic Azacycles From The Cyclization Of Furan Tethered N-Acyliminium Ions, Sudhir R. Shengule, Anthony Willis, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The protic and Lewis acid promoted cyclization reactions of tethered furan-4,5-dihydroxypiperid-2-ones, furan-4,5-diacetoxypiperid-2-ones and furan-3,4-diacetoxypyrrolid-2-ones, via their corresponding N-acyliminium ion intermediates, have been studied. In the case of the furan-4,5-dihydroxypiperid-2-one 2a and its diacetate derivative 2b, macrocyclic products were formed from an initial intermolecular reaction between 2a or 2b, via the nucleophilic C5 furan carbon, and their corresponding N-acyliminium ion intermediates. When the furan C5 position of 2b was blocked by substitution with bromine then TFA or Sc(OTf)3 catalysed cyclization reactions gave a spirotricyclic product (a 5-6-6-tricycle) in a highly diastereoselective manner. Cyclization of the analogous C5-Br-furan-pyrrolidone 29 with TFA resulted …
Gender Differences In Cognitive Function Of Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Da Chun Chen, Mei Hong Xiu, Li Hui, Haibo Liu, Thomas R. Kosten, Xiang Yang Zhang
Gender Differences In Cognitive Function Of Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Da Chun Chen, Mei Hong Xiu, Li Hui, Haibo Liu, Thomas R. Kosten, Xiang Yang Zhang
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Schizophrenic patients have cognitive impairments, but gender differences in these cognitive deficits have had limited study. This study assessed cognitive functioning in 471 subjects including 122 male and 78 female schizophrenic patients and 141 male and 130 female healthy controls. We found that immediate memory, language, delayed memory and total RBANS scores were significantly decreased in schizophrenia compared with healthy controls for both genders. Male patients had significant lower immediate memory, delayed memory and total RBANS scores than female patients, and healthy controls showed a similar gender difference. The RBANS showed modest correlations with PANSS scores, duration of illness and …
Chemical Composition And Biological Activities Of The Essential Oil From Leaves Of Cleidion Javanicum Bl, Duangsuree Sanseera, Wirat Niwatananun, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Apiwat Baramee, Stephen G. Pyne
Chemical Composition And Biological Activities Of The Essential Oil From Leaves Of Cleidion Javanicum Bl, Duangsuree Sanseera, Wirat Niwatananun, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Apiwat Baramee, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The essential oil from the leaves of Cleidion javanicum Bl. was isolated by hydrodistillation with the percentage yield of 0.003 % as a pale yellow liquid. The composition of the essential oil was analysed by means of GC-(FID) and GC-MS. Ten constituents accounting for 92.60% total oil were identified. The major components were ethyl linoleolate (32.12 %), hexadecanoic acid (26.77 %), trans-phytol (24.64 %) and iso-phytol (4.80 %). The antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity test of this essential oil were investigated. The oil showed non-cytotoxic effects against Vero cells (African green monky kidney) because it inhibited more than 50 …
Isolation, Biological Activities, And Synthesis Of The Natural Casuarines, Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom, Stephen G. Pyne
Isolation, Biological Activities, And Synthesis Of The Natural Casuarines, Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
This chapter describes the isolation, structure elucidation, glycosidase inhibitory activities, and the synthesis of the four naturally occurring casuarines. These are casuarine, casuarine-6-O-α-d-glucoside, 6-epi-casuarine (uniflorine A), and 3-epi-casuarine.
Chemical Constituents And Antioxidant And Biological Activities Of The Essential Oil From Leaves Of Solanum Spirale, Sukanya Keawsa-Ard, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Aphiwat Teerawutgulrag, Stephen G. Pyne
Chemical Constituents And Antioxidant And Biological Activities Of The Essential Oil From Leaves Of Solanum Spirale, Sukanya Keawsa-Ard, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Saisunee Liawruangrath, Aphiwat Teerawutgulrag, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The essential oil of the leaves Solanium spirale Roxb. was isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed for the first time using GC and GC-MS. Thirty-nine constituents were identified, constituting 73.36% of the total chromatographical oil components. (E)-Phytol (48.10%), n-hexadecanoic acid (7.34%), beta-selinene (3.67%), alpha-selinene (2.74%), octadecanoic acid (2.12%) and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (2.00%) were the major components of this oil. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated by using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The oil exhibited week antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 41.89 mg/mL. The essential oil showed significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and …
Characterization Of Cleavage Events In The Multifunctional Cilium Adhesin Mhp684 (P146) Reveals A Mechanism By Which Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae Regulates Surface Topography, Daniel Bogema, Ania T. Deutscher, Lauren K. Woolley, Lisa M. Seymour, Benjamin B. A Raymond, Jessica L. Tacchi, Matthew P. Padula, Nicholas E. Dixon, F Chris Minion, Cheryl Jenkins, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic
Characterization Of Cleavage Events In The Multifunctional Cilium Adhesin Mhp684 (P146) Reveals A Mechanism By Which Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae Regulates Surface Topography, Daniel Bogema, Ania T. Deutscher, Lauren K. Woolley, Lisa M. Seymour, Benjamin B. A Raymond, Jessica L. Tacchi, Matthew P. Padula, Nicholas E. Dixon, F Chris Minion, Cheryl Jenkins, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes enormous economic losses to swine production worldwide by colonizing the ciliated epithelium in the porcine respiratory tract, resulting in widespread damage to the mucociliary escalator, prolonged inflammation, reduced weight gain, and secondary infections. Protein Mhp684 (P146) comprises 1,317 amino acids, and while the N-terminal 400 residues display significant sequence identity to the archetype cilium adhesin P97, the remainder of the molecule is novel and displays unusual motifs. Proteome analysis shows that P146 preprotein is endogenously cleaved into three major fragments identified here as P50P146, P40P146, and P85P146 that reside on the cell surface. Liquid chromatography with tandem …
C-Amp Dependent Protein Kinase A Inhibitory Activity Of Six Algal Extracts From South Eastern Australia And Their Fatty Acid Composition, Ana Zivanovic, Danielle Skropeta
C-Amp Dependent Protein Kinase A Inhibitory Activity Of Six Algal Extracts From South Eastern Australia And Their Fatty Acid Composition, Ana Zivanovic, Danielle Skropeta
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
c-AMP dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A, PKA) is an important enzyme involved in the regulation of an increasing number of physiological processes including immune function, cardiovascular disease, memory disorders and cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PKA inhibitory activity of a range of algal extracts, along with their fatty acid composition. Six algal species were investigated including two Chlorophyta (Codium dimorphum and Ulva lactuca), two Phaeophyta (Phyllospora comosa and Sargassum sp.) and two Rhodophyta (Prionitis linearis and Corallina vancouveriensis), with the order of PKA inhibitory activity of their extracts identified as follows: brown seaweeds > red …
Is Seladin-1 Really A Selective Alzheimer's Disease Indicator?, Laura J. Sharpe, Jenny Wong, Brett Garner, Glenda M. Halliday, Andrew J. Brown
Is Seladin-1 Really A Selective Alzheimer's Disease Indicator?, Laura J. Sharpe, Jenny Wong, Brett Garner, Glenda M. Halliday, Andrew J. Brown
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Selective Alzheimer's Disease Indicator-1 (Seladin-1) was originally identified by its down-regulation in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Here, we re-examine existing data and present new gene expression data that refutes its role as a selective AD indicator. Furthermore, we caution against the use of the name “Seladin-1” and instead recommend adoption of the approved nomenclature, 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24-reductase (or DHCR24), which describes its catalytic function in cholesterol synthesis. Further work is required to determine what link, if any, exists between DHCR24 and AD.
Novel Olanzapine Analogues Presenting A Reduced H1 Receptor Affinity And Retained 5ht2a/D2 Binding Affinity Ratio, Somayeh Jafari, Marc E. Bouillon, Xu-Feng Huang, Stephen G. Pyne, Francesca Fernandez-Enright
Novel Olanzapine Analogues Presenting A Reduced H1 Receptor Affinity And Retained 5ht2a/D2 Binding Affinity Ratio, Somayeh Jafari, Marc E. Bouillon, Xu-Feng Huang, Stephen G. Pyne, Francesca Fernandez-Enright
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Background Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug with high clinical efficacy, but which can cause severe weight gain and metabolic disorders in treated patients. Blockade of the histamine 1 (H1) receptors is believed to play a crucial role in olanzapine induced weight gain, whereas the therapeutic effects of this drug are mainly attributed to its favourable serotoninergic 2A and dopamine 2 (5HT2A/D2) receptor binding affinity ratios. Results We have synthesized novel olanzapine analogues 8a and 8b together with the already known derivative 8c and we have examined their respective in vitro affinities for the 5HT2A, D2, and H1 receptors. Conclusions …
Membrane Lipids In Human Lenses And Age, J R. Hughes, J M. Deeley, J -A Seng, S R. Ellis, Stephen J. Blanksby, F Leisch, Roger J. W Truscott, T W. Mitchell
Membrane Lipids In Human Lenses And Age, J R. Hughes, J M. Deeley, J -A Seng, S R. Ellis, Stephen J. Blanksby, F Leisch, Roger J. W Truscott, T W. Mitchell
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Abstract of paper that presented at the XX Biennial Meeting of the International society for Eye Research, 21-25 July, Berlin.
Sensitivity To Lysosome-Dependent Cell Death Is Directly Regulated By Lysosomal Cholesterol Content, Hanna Appelqvist, Linnea Sandin, Karin Bjornstrom, Paul Saftig, Brett Garner, Karin Ollinger, Katarina Kagedal
Sensitivity To Lysosome-Dependent Cell Death Is Directly Regulated By Lysosomal Cholesterol Content, Hanna Appelqvist, Linnea Sandin, Karin Bjornstrom, Paul Saftig, Brett Garner, Karin Ollinger, Katarina Kagedal
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Alterations in lipid homeostasis are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, although the mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. We evaluated the impact of cholesterol accumulation, induced by U18666A, quinacrine or mutations in the cholesterol transporting Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) protein, on lysosomal stability and sensitivity to lysosome-mediated cell death. We found that neurons with lysosomal cholesterol accumulation were protected from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. In addition, human fibroblasts with cholesterol-loaded lysosomes showed higher lysosomal membrane stability than controls. Previous studies have shown that cholesterol accumulation is accompanied by the storage of lipids such as sphingomyelin, glycosphingolipids and sphingosine and an up …
Model Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of The Stemona Alkaloid 1-Hydroxyprotostemonine: Synthesis Of Ent-1-Hydroxystemoamide, Nalivela Kumara Swamy, Stephen G. Pyne
Model Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of The Stemona Alkaloid 1-Hydroxyprotostemonine: Synthesis Of Ent-1-Hydroxystemoamide, Nalivela Kumara Swamy, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
As part of a model study towards the total synthesis of Stemona alkaloid 1-hydroxyprotostemonine 1, we have achieved the synthesis an A-B-C ring precursor, ent-1-hydroxystemoamide. Key steps involve an ene-yne RCM reaction and a diastereoselective dihydroxylation-lactonization reaction.