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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Diet Quality In Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease Undergoing Dialysis, Lauren Roach, Kelly Lambert, Jane Holt, Barbara J. Meyer
Diet Quality In Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease Undergoing Dialysis, Lauren Roach, Kelly Lambert, Jane Holt, Barbara J. Meyer
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
ACKGROUND: People on haemodialysis (HD) are at risk of consuming a poor quality diet. This includes inadequate intake of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate diet quality, with a particular focus on n-3 LCPUFA intake, in a population of incentre HD patients. DESIGN: Dietary intake was measured using three 24 hour recalls; the Polyunsaturated food frequency questionnaire (PUFA FFQ) and the Total Diet Score (TDS). Dietary intake was also compared to evidence based practice guidelines (EBPG). Nutritional status was assessed using the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG SGA). SUBJECTS: A total …
Identifying Metabolic Syndrome In A Clinical Cohort: Implications For Prevention Of Chronic Disease, Allison Martin, Elizabeth Neale, Marijka Batterham, Linda C. Tapsell
Identifying Metabolic Syndrome In A Clinical Cohort: Implications For Prevention Of Chronic Disease, Allison Martin, Elizabeth Neale, Marijka Batterham, Linda C. Tapsell
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
In the clinical setting, calculating cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is commonplace but the utility of the harmonised equation for metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Alberti et al., 2009) is less well established. The aims of this study were to apply this equation to an overweight clinical cohort to identify risk factors for being metabolically unhealthy and explore associations with chronic disease. Baseline data were analysed from a lifestyle intervention trial of Illawarra residents recruited in 2014/2015. Participants were aged 25–54 years with a BMI 25–40 kg/m2. Data included MetS, CVD risk, insulin sensitivity, weight, body fat, diet, peripheral artery disease (PAD), physical …
Daedalic Dna Vaccination Against Self Antigens As A Treatment For Chronic Kidney Disease, Yuan Min Wang, Jimmy Jianheng Zhou, Ya Wang, Debbie Watson, Geoff Yu Zhang, Min Hu, Huiling Wu, Guoping Zheng, Yiping Wang, Anne M. Durkan, David Ch Harris, Stephen I. Alexander
Daedalic Dna Vaccination Against Self Antigens As A Treatment For Chronic Kidney Disease, Yuan Min Wang, Jimmy Jianheng Zhou, Ya Wang, Debbie Watson, Geoff Yu Zhang, Min Hu, Huiling Wu, Guoping Zheng, Yiping Wang, Anne M. Durkan, David Ch Harris, Stephen I. Alexander
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of death and morbidity in Australia and worldwide. DNA vaccination has been used for targeting foreign antigens to induce immune responses and prevent autoimmune disease, viral infection and cancer. However, the use of DNA vaccination has been restricted by a limited ability to induce strong immune responses, especially against self-antigens which are limited by mechanisms of self-tolerance. Furthermore, there have been few studies on the potential of DNA vaccination in chronic inflammatory diseases, including CKD. We have established strategies of DNA vaccination targeting specific self-antigens in the immune system including co-stimulatory pathways, …
From Research To Policy In Chronic Disease Prevention: Mandatory Salt Reduction In South Africa, K Charlton, K Steyn, N Levitt, C Lombard
From Research To Policy In Chronic Disease Prevention: Mandatory Salt Reduction In South Africa, K Charlton, K Steyn, N Levitt, C Lombard
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Abstract of a poster that presented at 20th International Congress of Nutrition, Granada, Spain, September 15-20, 2013.
Patients Communicating With Their Primary Care Physician About Chronic Disease Treatment In Regional Australia: Is Health Literacy Important?, J Mullan, K Weston, A Bonney, C Magee, G Albert, B Gerges, Soheir Abadier, T Smith, V Bonney, B Dijkmans-Hadley, C Kielly-Carroll
Patients Communicating With Their Primary Care Physician About Chronic Disease Treatment In Regional Australia: Is Health Literacy Important?, J Mullan, K Weston, A Bonney, C Magee, G Albert, B Gerges, Soheir Abadier, T Smith, V Bonney, B Dijkmans-Hadley, C Kielly-Carroll
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
No abstract provided.
Deletion Of Abca7 Increases Cerebral Amyloid-Β Accumulation In The J20 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Woojin S. Kim, Hongyun Li, Kalani Ruberu, Sharon Chan, David A. Elliott, Jac Kee Low, David Cheng, Tim Karl, Brett Garner
Deletion Of Abca7 Increases Cerebral Amyloid-Β Accumulation In The J20 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Woojin S. Kim, Hongyun Li, Kalani Ruberu, Sharon Chan, David A. Elliott, Jac Kee Low, David Cheng, Tim Karl, Brett Garner
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
ATP-binding cassette transporter A7 (ABCA7) is expressed in the brain and has been detected in macrophages, microglia, and neurons. ABCA7 promotes efflux of lipids from cells to apolipoproteins and can also regulate phagocytosis and modulate processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to generate the Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Genome-wide association studies have indicated that ABCA7 single nucleotide polymorphisms confer increased risk for late-onset AD; however, the role that ABCA7 plays in the brain in the AD context is unknown. In the present study, we crossed ABCA7-deficient (A7-/-) mice with J20 amyloidogenic mice to address this issue. We show …
Dairy Consumption And The Risk Of 15-Year Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In A Cohort Of Older Australians, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Anna M. Rangan, Timothy P. Gill, Paul Mitchell
Dairy Consumption And The Risk Of 15-Year Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In A Cohort Of Older Australians, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Anna M. Rangan, Timothy P. Gill, Paul Mitchell
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The effects of habitual dairy consumption and the risk of 15-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a cohort of older Australians were investigated. Participants (n = 2900) completed a validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate associations between tertiles of the dairy consumption, including low/reduced fat dairy, whole fat dairy and their ratio (ratioLF/WF), and risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke or combined CVD. There were 548 recorded cases of CVD mortality in this cohort. For total dairy intake, a reduction in risk of CVD was only seen in …
A Proposed Approach To Monitor Private-Sector Policies And Practices Related To Food Environments, Obesity And Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, G Sacks, B Swinburn, V Kraak, S Downs, C Walker, S Barquera, S Friel, C Hawkes, B Kelly, S Kumanyika, M L'Abbe, A Lee, T Lobstein, J Ma, J Macmullan, S Mohan, C Monteiro, B Neal, M Rayner, D Sanders, W Snowdon, S Vandevijvere
A Proposed Approach To Monitor Private-Sector Policies And Practices Related To Food Environments, Obesity And Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, G Sacks, B Swinburn, V Kraak, S Downs, C Walker, S Barquera, S Friel, C Hawkes, B Kelly, S Kumanyika, M L'Abbe, A Lee, T Lobstein, J Ma, J Macmullan, S Mohan, C Monteiro, B Neal, M Rayner, D Sanders, W Snowdon, S Vandevijvere
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Private-sector organizations play a critical role in shaping the food environments of individuals and populations. However, there is currently very limited independent monitoring of private-sector actions related to food environments. This paper reviews previous efforts to monitor the private sector in this area, and outlines a proposed approach to monitor private-sector policies and practices related to food environments, and their influence on obesity and non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention. A step-wise approach to data collection is recommended, in which the first ('minimal') step is the collation of publicly available food and nutrition-related policies of selected private-sector organizations. The second ('expanded') step …
Preventive Evidence Into Practice (Pep) Study: Implementation Of Guidelines To Prevent Primary Vascular Disease In General Practice Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Mark Fort Harris, Jane Lloyd, John Litt, Mieke Van Driel, Danielle Mazza, Grant Russell, Jane Smith, Chris Del Mar, Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, Sharon M. Parker, Yordanka Krastev, Upali W. Jayasinghe, Richard J. Taylor, Nicholas Zwar, Jinty Wilson, Helen Bolger-Harris, Justine Waters
Preventive Evidence Into Practice (Pep) Study: Implementation Of Guidelines To Prevent Primary Vascular Disease In General Practice Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Mark Fort Harris, Jane Lloyd, John Litt, Mieke Van Driel, Danielle Mazza, Grant Russell, Jane Smith, Chris Del Mar, Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, Sharon M. Parker, Yordanka Krastev, Upali W. Jayasinghe, Richard J. Taylor, Nicholas Zwar, Jinty Wilson, Helen Bolger-Harris, Justine Waters
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Background: There are significant gaps in the implementation and uptake of evidence-based guideline recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes in Australian general practice. This study protocol describes the methodology for a cluster randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a model that aims to improve the implementation of these guidelines in Australian general practice developed by a collaboration between researchers, non-government organisations, and the profession.Methods: We hypothesise that the intervention will alter the behaviour of clinicians and patients resulting in improvements of recording of lifestyle and physiological risk factors (by 20%) and increased adherence to guideline recommendations for: the …
Is Seladin-1 Really A Selective Alzheimer's Disease Indicator?, Laura J. Sharpe, Jenny Wong, Brett Garner, Glenda M. Halliday, Andrew J. Brown
Is Seladin-1 Really A Selective Alzheimer's Disease Indicator?, Laura J. Sharpe, Jenny Wong, Brett Garner, Glenda M. Halliday, Andrew J. Brown
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Selective Alzheimer's Disease Indicator-1 (Seladin-1) was originally identified by its down-regulation in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Here, we re-examine existing data and present new gene expression data that refutes its role as a selective AD indicator. Furthermore, we caution against the use of the name “Seladin-1” and instead recommend adoption of the approved nomenclature, 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24-reductase (or DHCR24), which describes its catalytic function in cholesterol synthesis. Further work is required to determine what link, if any, exists between DHCR24 and AD.
Understanding And Benchmarking Health Service Achievement Of Policy Goals For Chronic Disease, Erica Bell, Bastian Seidel
Understanding And Benchmarking Health Service Achievement Of Policy Goals For Chronic Disease, Erica Bell, Bastian Seidel
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Background Key challenges in benchmarking health service achievement of policy goals in areas such as chronic disease are: 1) developing indicators and understanding how policy goals might work as indicators of service performance; 2) developing methods for economically collecting and reporting stakeholder perceptions; 3) combining and sharing data about the performance of organizations; 4) interpreting outcome measures; 5) obtaining actionable benchmarking information. This study aimed to explore how a new Boolean-based small-N method from the social sciences—Qualitative Comparative Analysis or QCA—could contribute to meeting these internationally shared challenges. Methods A ‘multi-value QCA’ (MVQCA) analysis was conducted of data from 24 …
Lipids And Alzheimer's Disease, Brett Garner
Lipids And Alzheimer's Disease, Brett Garner
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) worldwide is around 18 million. The prevalence of AD doubles every five years between 65 and 85 years of age and it is estimated that due to the ageing population, 34 million people will suffer from AD by 2025. The WHO has also stated that if AD onset were delayed by 5 years, the number of cases worldwide could be halved. Currently there are no curative or disease-stalling treatments for AD and a major research effort is underway in order to better understand the …
Uptake Of Medicare Chronic Disease Items In Australia By General Practice Nurses And Aboriginal Health Workers, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Patricia M. Davidson, Nicola Brown
Uptake Of Medicare Chronic Disease Items In Australia By General Practice Nurses And Aboriginal Health Workers, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Patricia M. Davidson, Nicola Brown
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The Australian health care system is currently in a state of reform and there is increasing pressure to provide care in community settings. Rising costs, demands and population ageing underscore the importance of adopting models of health care delivery to address changing epidemiological patterns. Population ageing and the increase of chronic conditions challenge models based on acute care. Changes to the Medicare benefits schedule have facilitated the development of a range of expanded nursing services in the general practice setting. In particular, item number 10997 was introduced to reimburse practice nurses and Aboriginal health workers (AHWs) for providing monitoring and …
The Chronic Heart-Failure Assistance By Telephone (Chat) Study: Assessment Of Telephone Support For Vulnerable Patients With Chronic Disease, Julie Yallop, Bianca Chan, Leon Piterman, Andrew Tonkin, Andrew Forbes, Patricia M. Davidson, Robyn Clark, Elizabeth Halcomb, Andrea Nangle, Simon Stewart, Joanne Croucher, Henry Krum
The Chronic Heart-Failure Assistance By Telephone (Chat) Study: Assessment Of Telephone Support For Vulnerable Patients With Chronic Disease, Julie Yallop, Bianca Chan, Leon Piterman, Andrew Tonkin, Andrew Forbes, Patricia M. Davidson, Robyn Clark, Elizabeth Halcomb, Andrea Nangle, Simon Stewart, Joanne Croucher, Henry Krum
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Aim: To determine whether telephone support using an evidence-based protocol for chronic heart failure (CHF) management will improve patient outcomes and will reduce hospital readmission rates in patients without access to hospital-based management programs. Methods: The rationale and protocol for a cluster-design randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a semi-automated telephone intervention for the management of CHF, the Chronic Heart-failure Assistance by Telephone (CHAT) Study is described. Care is coordinated by trained cardiac nurses located in Heartline, the national call center of the National Heart Foundation of Australia in partnership with patients' general practitioners (GPs). Conclusions: The CHAT Study model represents …
Systemic Levels Of Interleukin-6 And Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 In Patients With Multiple Myeloma May Be Useful As Prognostic Indexes Of Bone Disease, Aikaterini Sfiridaki, Spyridon Miyakis, George Tsirakis, Athanasios Alegakis, Andreas M. Passam, Ermioni Kandidaki, Andrerw N. Margioris, Michael Alexandrakis
Systemic Levels Of Interleukin-6 And Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 In Patients With Multiple Myeloma May Be Useful As Prognostic Indexes Of Bone Disease, Aikaterini Sfiridaki, Spyridon Miyakis, George Tsirakis, Athanasios Alegakis, Andreas M. Passam, Ermioni Kandidaki, Andrerw N. Margioris, Michael Alexandrakis
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Multiple myeloma is characterized by accelerated production of the proteolytic enzyme matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9. We hypothesized that myeloma- produced MMP-9 may influence the rate of bone turnover in a paracrine manner. Thus, we examined the correlations of MMP-9 levels, disease severity, and bone turnover rate as evaluated by markers of bone formation and resorption. Thirty-seven newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients (nine of Durie-Salmon stage I, 12 of stage II and 16 of stage III) and 12 age-matched controls were studied. Serum MMP-9 levels were significantly higher at stage II compared to stage I (188.78"91.27 vs. 59.25"33.09 ng/mL, p-0.004). Additionally, free …
Beta-2 Glycoprotein1: Function In Health And Disease, Spyridon Miyakis, Bill Giannakopoulos, S A. Krilis
Beta-2 Glycoprotein1: Function In Health And Disease, Spyridon Miyakis, Bill Giannakopoulos, S A. Krilis
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Beta-2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) is the principal target of autoantibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It is abundant in human plasma and shares high homology between different mammalian species. Although the exact physiological function of β2GPI has not been fully elucidated, several interactions have been described with other proteins and with negatively charged surfaces, such as anionic phospholipids, dextran and heparin. β2GPI is involved in the coagulation pathway, exerting both procoagulant and anticoagulant activities. Plasma from β2GPI-deficient mice exhibits impaired thrombin generation in vitro. Recently, it has been demonstrated that β2GPI binds factor (F) XI in vitro at concentrations lower …
Food And Nutritional Supplements. Their Role In Health And Disease, Anne-Therese Mcmahon
Food And Nutritional Supplements. Their Role In Health And Disease, Anne-Therese Mcmahon
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Book review of: Food and nutritional supplements. Their role in health and disease J K Ransley, J K Donnelly and NW Read (eds) Springer-Verlag Berlin, 2001. ISBN 3-540-41737-0 197pp c. A$120