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Western University

2006

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Articles 1 - 30 of 82

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Hormone Effects On Fmri And Cognitive Measures Of Encoding: Importance Of Hormone Preparation, C. E. Gleason, T. W. Schmitz, T. Hess, R. L. Koscik, M. A. Trivedi, M. L. Ries, C. M. Carlsson, M. A. Sager, S. Asthana, S. C. Johnson Dec 2006

Hormone Effects On Fmri And Cognitive Measures Of Encoding: Importance Of Hormone Preparation, C. E. Gleason, T. W. Schmitz, T. Hess, R. L. Koscik, M. A. Trivedi, M. L. Ries, C. M. Carlsson, M. A. Sager, S. Asthana, S. C. Johnson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

We compared fMRI and cognitive data from nine hormone therapy (HT)-naive women with data from women exposed to either opposed conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) (n = 10) or opposed estradiol (n = 4). Exposure to either form of HT was associated with healthier fMRI response; however, CEE-exposed women exhibited poorer memory performance than either HT-naive or estradiol-exposed subjects. These preliminary findings emphasize the need to characterize differential neural effects of various HTs. ©2006AAN Enterprises, Inc.

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Aboriginal Women Working In Vocational Training And Education: A Story From Central Australia, Kate Lawrence Dec 2006

Aboriginal Women Working In Vocational Training And Education: A Story From Central Australia, Kate Lawrence

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

This article outlines research undertaken by an Aboriginal women’s non-government organization (NGO) into vocational training and education (VTE) needs and issues for remote Aboriginal communities in Central Australia. It describes the Central Australian context, and in particular the impact of remoteness, inequity and disadvantage upon Aboriginal people’s access to and participation in VTE. Waltja Tjutangku Palyapayi (Waltja) is an Aboriginal NGO based in Alice Springs, at the centre of the desert region of inland Australia. Waltja supports the development of family services and the self-determination of remote Central Australian Aboriginal communities. Senior Aboriginal women from widespread communities govern Waltja. In …

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Environmental Governance Literature Review Report, Christopher Paci Dec 2006

Environmental Governance Literature Review Report, Christopher Paci

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

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Activation Of Brain Regions Vulnerable To Alzheimer's Disease: The Effect Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, S. C. Johnson, T. W. Schmitz, C. H. Moritz, M. E. Meyerand, H. A. Rowley, A. L. Alexander, K. W. Hansen, C. E. Gleason, C. M. Carlsson, M. L. Ries, S. Asthana, K. Chen, E. M. Reiman, G. E. Alexander Nov 2006

Activation Of Brain Regions Vulnerable To Alzheimer's Disease: The Effect Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, S. C. Johnson, T. W. Schmitz, C. H. Moritz, M. E. Meyerand, H. A. Rowley, A. L. Alexander, K. W. Hansen, C. E. Gleason, C. M. Carlsson, M. L. Ries, S. Asthana, K. Chen, E. M. Reiman, G. E. Alexander

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

This study examined the functionality of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and posterior cingulate (PC) in mild cognitive impairment amnestic type (MCI), a syndrome that puts patients at greater risk for developing Alzheimer disease (AD). Functional MRI (fMRI) was used to identify regions normally active during encoding of novel items and recognition of previously learned items in a reference group of 77 healthy young and middle-aged adults. The pattern of activation in this group guided further comparisons between 14 MCI subjects and 14 age-matched controls. The MCI patients exhibited less activity in the PC during recognition of previously learned items, …

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Environmental Equity Is Child's Play: Mapping Public Provision Of Recreation Opportunities In Urban Neighbourhoods, Jason Gilliland, Martin Holmes, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patricia Tucker Oct 2006

Environmental Equity Is Child's Play: Mapping Public Provision Of Recreation Opportunities In Urban Neighbourhoods, Jason Gilliland, Martin Holmes, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patricia Tucker

Geography & Environment Publications

This paper examines the spatial distribution of recreational opportunities for children and youth in a mid-sized Canadian city (London, Ontario), in relation to the socioeconomic status of neighbourhoods and estimated local need for publicly provided recreation spaces. Public recreation facilities (N = 537) throughout the city were identified, mapped and analysed in a geographic information system. To explore potential socio-environmental inequities, neighbourhoods (N = 22) were characterized by socioeconomic and environmental variables, an index of neighbourhood social distress, a neighbourhood play space needs index, and measures of the prevalence and density of recreational opportunities. The results of the …

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Structural Mri Discriminates Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment From Age-Matched Controls: A Combined Neuropsychological And Voxel Based Morphometry Study, Mehul A. Trivedi, Allison K. Wichmann, Britta M. Torgerson, Michael A. Ward, Taylor W. Schmitz, Michele L. Ries, Rebecca L. Koscik, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling C. Johnson Oct 2006

Structural Mri Discriminates Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment From Age-Matched Controls: A Combined Neuropsychological And Voxel Based Morphometry Study, Mehul A. Trivedi, Allison K. Wichmann, Britta M. Torgerson, Michael A. Ward, Taylor W. Schmitz, Michele L. Ries, Rebecca L. Koscik, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling C. Johnson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Background: Several previous studies have reported that amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with greater atrophy in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG). Method: In the present study, we examined the cross-sectional accuracy (i.e., the sensitivity and specificity) of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in discriminating individuals with MCI (n = 15) from healthy age-matched controls (n = 15). In addition, we also sought to determine whether baseline GM volume predicted aMCI patients that converted to AD from those that did not approximately 2 years after the baseline visit. …

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Paradoxical Facilitation Of Object Recognition Memory After Infusion Of Scopolamine Into Perirhinal Cortex: Implications For Cholinergic System Function., Boyer D Winters, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey Sep 2006

Paradoxical Facilitation Of Object Recognition Memory After Infusion Of Scopolamine Into Perirhinal Cortex: Implications For Cholinergic System Function., Boyer D Winters, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

The cholinergic system has long been implicated in learning and memory, yet its specific function remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of cortical acetylcholine in a rodent model of declarative memory by infusing the cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine into the rat perirhinal cortex during different stages (encoding, storage/consolidation, and retrieval) of the spontaneous object recognition task. Presample infusions of scopolamine significantly impaired object recognition compared with performance of the same group of rats on saline trials; this result is consistent with previous reports supporting a role for perirhinal acetylcholine in object information acquisition. Scopolamine infusions …

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The Canadian Water Sustainability Index (Cwsi) Case Study Report, Anne Morin Aug 2006

The Canadian Water Sustainability Index (Cwsi) Case Study Report, Anne Morin

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

The Policy Research Initiative (PRI) Sustainable Development Team began working on the Canadian Water Sustainability Index (CWSI) in the summer of 20051 as part of a broader project on freshwater2. Inspired by the Water Poverty Index3, the PRI developed a draft framework4 for a composite water index that could be used to assess various elements of water well-being in Canadian communities. This draft CWSI framework provided the basis for a data review and an expert workshop. Outcomes from the data review and the workshop, as well as additional consultation and information sources, were used to further refine the index framework …

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The Evolution Of Community Policing In Chatham-Kent: Citizen Engagement, Organizational Change, And The Neighbourhood Policing Project, Dennis Poole Jul 2006

The Evolution Of Community Policing In Chatham-Kent: Citizen Engagement, Organizational Change, And The Neighbourhood Policing Project, Dennis Poole

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the factors that contribute to the successful implementation of community policing based on a case study of the neighbourhood policing program in Chatham-Kent. The findings reveal that police need to describe their mission in terms of crime prevention, fear reduction, and crime control and neighbourhood police officers can effectively address the local circumstances that lead to crime and disorder depending on the willingness of citizens to help them detect and solve crimes.

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Why Did Mothers With Unresolved Trauma Fail To Benefit From An Attachment Based Intervention? Correlates Of Unresolved Status In A High Risk Sample, Heidi Bailey, Greg Moran, Carey Anne Deoliveira, Karin Gleason, David R. Pederson Jul 2006

Why Did Mothers With Unresolved Trauma Fail To Benefit From An Attachment Based Intervention? Correlates Of Unresolved Status In A High Risk Sample, Heidi Bailey, Greg Moran, Carey Anne Deoliveira, Karin Gleason, David R. Pederson

Psychology Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Interaction In The Home Of Mothers And Infants In Disorganized Attachment Relationships, Greg Moran, Lindsey M. Forbes, David R. Pederson Jul 2006

Interaction In The Home Of Mothers And Infants In Disorganized Attachment Relationships, Greg Moran, Lindsey M. Forbes, David R. Pederson

Psychology Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Exploring Expressions Of Disorganization In The Strange Situation In A High-Risk Sample, Lindsey M. Forbes, Amy Cox, Greg Moran, David R. Pederson Jul 2006

Exploring Expressions Of Disorganization In The Strange Situation In A High-Risk Sample, Lindsey M. Forbes, Amy Cox, Greg Moran, David R. Pederson

Psychology Presentations

No abstract provided.

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The Impact Of Higher Education On Police Management In Three Ontario Police Services, Jason Dale Jul 2006

The Impact Of Higher Education On Police Management In Three Ontario Police Services, Jason Dale

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the impact of higher education on the management of police services in Ontario and whether education has a direct impact on the retention of officers in their police organizations. A survey administered to sworn police officers from three Ontario police services – Strathroy-Caradoc, Chatham-Kent, and the Niagara Region – was conducted. The findings reveal that officers with higher levels of education seek different career rewards and are harder to retain because they are much more willing to leave for job opportunities elsewhere.

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No Equity In A Vacuum: The Ontario Municipal Diversity Project – An Examination Of The Current State Of Employment Equity And Diversity In Ontario Municipalities, Benjamin Elling Jul 2006

No Equity In A Vacuum: The Ontario Municipal Diversity Project – An Examination Of The Current State Of Employment Equity And Diversity In Ontario Municipalities, Benjamin Elling

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines employment equity practices at the municipal level in Ontario based on a survey of 121 municipalities to determine the degree to which they utilize employment equity practices in their organizations and the extent to which these practices are voluntary. The findings reveal that few municipalities engage in any sort of comprehensive employment equity processes and without legislation that provides guidelines for municipalities, it appears unlikely that employment equity in Ontario will improve.

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Coping With Diversity: Municipal Actions In Response Of Increased Immigrant Diversity In The Cities Of Hamilton And Markham In Ontario, Erika Hegedues Jul 2006

Coping With Diversity: Municipal Actions In Response Of Increased Immigrant Diversity In The Cities Of Hamilton And Markham In Ontario, Erika Hegedues

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the methods for coping with increased diversity and its consequences at the local level based on a literature review, case studies of the selected municipalities – Hamilton and Markham – and interviews with experts from these municipalities. The findings reveal that financial support from both the provincial and federal government is necessary to support the integration of immigrants, especially in large urban areas, in addition to the prioritization of certain policy areas and the municipal development and enhancement of their own services.

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A Public Policy Analysis: The Effect Of Issue Framing And The Policy Network On Environmental Tobacco Smoke Bylaw Development In Peel Region, Deborah Keen Jul 2006

A Public Policy Analysis: The Effect Of Issue Framing And The Policy Network On Environmental Tobacco Smoke Bylaw Development In Peel Region, Deborah Keen

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the decision-making process used by local officials in the Region of Peel in the development of the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) bylaw based on an analysis of literature, public documents, and media accounts. The findings reveal that the factors consistent with a weak policy outcome were evident in the decision-making process, including the poor networking skills of external proponents, a strong network of opponents, the primary use of an economic frame, and a council that was receptive to economic arguments.

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Service Delivery Review: The Ontario Experience, Kelly Stymiest Jul 2006

Service Delivery Review: The Ontario Experience, Kelly Stymiest

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the application of service delivery review approaches in Ontario local governments based on surveys and consultations with municipal managers in Barrie, Brantford, and the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville. The findings reveal that there is a strong commitment among municipal managers to excellence, improvement, and information sharing and they are seeking more information and advice on how to manage organizational performance, people, and money.

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Report On First Nations’ Housing, N.A. Jun 2006

Report On First Nations’ Housing, N.A.

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

This report provides a national, statistical portrait of the housing situation in First Nations communities. Following a brief overview of socioeconomic conditions, statistics are presented related to: housing repair needs, crowding, household amenities, water quality and the presence of smoke, mold and mildew. These results are further broken down by individual (e.g. income, education) and community (size and remoteness) characteristics.

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Report On Selected Indicators By Gender, N.A. Jun 2006

Report On Selected Indicators By Gender, N.A.

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

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Report On First Nations Seniors’ Report On Selected Indicators By Gender Health And Wellbeing, N.A. Jun 2006

Report On First Nations Seniors’ Report On Selected Indicators By Gender Health And Wellbeing, N.A.

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

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Representation Of Head-Centric Flow In The Human Motion Complex., Jeroen Goossens, Sean P Dukelow, Ravi S Menon, Tutis Vilis, Albert V Van Den Berg May 2006

Representation Of Head-Centric Flow In The Human Motion Complex., Jeroen Goossens, Sean P Dukelow, Ravi S Menon, Tutis Vilis, Albert V Van Den Berg

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Recent neuroimaging studies have identified putative homologs of macaque middle temporal area (area MT) and medial superior temporal area (area MST) in humans. Little is known about the integration of visual and nonvisual signals in human motion areas compared with monkeys. Through extra-retinal signals, the brain can factor out the components of visual flow on the retina that are induced by eye-in-head and head-in-space rotations and achieve a representation of flow relative to the head (head-centric flow) or body (body-centric flow). Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to test whether extra-retinal eye-movement signals modulate responses to visual flow in …

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The Roots Of Love: Maternal Behaviour Related To Attachment Security, David R. Pederson, Greg Moran May 2006

The Roots Of Love: Maternal Behaviour Related To Attachment Security, David R. Pederson, Greg Moran

Psychology Presentations

No abstract provided.

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The Seeking Of Baby-Feeding Information By Canadian Women Pregnant With Twins, Pamela J. Mckenzie May 2006

The Seeking Of Baby-Feeding Information By Canadian Women Pregnant With Twins, Pamela J. Mckenzie

FIMS Publications

Objective: to analyse baby-feeding information needs and seeking described by Canadian women pregnant with twins. Design, setting, and participants: in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 pregnant women were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts provided the data for discourse analysis of the use of two interpretative repertoires. Measurements and findings: the first interpretative repertoire represented caring for twins as fundamentally distinct from caring for singly-born children and therefore emphasised the commonality of mothers of twins regardless of their background or situation. The second highlighted the uniqueness and individuality of each person. These repertoires intersect with discourses of baby- feeding and good mothering, …

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Self-Appraisal Decisions Evoke Dissociated Dorsal-Ventral Ampfc Networks, Taylor W. Schmitz, Sterling C. Johnson Apr 2006

Self-Appraisal Decisions Evoke Dissociated Dorsal-Ventral Ampfc Networks, Taylor W. Schmitz, Sterling C. Johnson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

The anterior medial prefrontal cortex (aMPFC) is consistently active during personally salient decisions, yet the differential contributory processes of this region along the dorsal-ventral axis are less understood. Using a self-appraisal decision-making task and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we demonstrated task-dependent connectivity of ventral aMPFC with amygdala, insula, and nucleus accumbens, and dorsal aMPFC connectivity with dorsolateral PFC and bilateral hippocampus. These aMPFC networks appear to subserve distinct contributory processes inherent to self-appraisal decisions, specifically a dorsally mediated cognitive and a ventrally mediated affective/self-relevance network. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Nature And Origins Of Infant-Adolescent Mother Attachment Relationships, Greg Moran, David Pederson Mar 2006

The Nature And Origins Of Infant-Adolescent Mother Attachment Relationships, Greg Moran, David Pederson

Psychology Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Maternal States Of Mind, Reflective Function, Maternal Behavior, And The Mother-Infant Attachment Relationship, Greg Moran, Erinn Hawkins, David R. Pederson Mar 2006

Maternal States Of Mind, Reflective Function, Maternal Behavior, And The Mother-Infant Attachment Relationship, Greg Moran, Erinn Hawkins, David R. Pederson

Psychology Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Indigenous Research: Whose Priority? Journeys And Possibilities Of Cross-Cultural Research In Geography, Paul Hodge, John Lester Mar 2006

Indigenous Research: Whose Priority? Journeys And Possibilities Of Cross-Cultural Research In Geography, Paul Hodge, John Lester

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Decolonising research in geography is part of a broader ‘reflexive’ process which continues to question the positivist status of ‘researcher as observer’. This paper contributes to this reflexive turn, drawing on the particular experiences of a cross- cultural Honours thesis. The paper is pursued through a parallel journey involving a non-Indigenous researcher (and author of the cross-cultural Honours thesis) engaging Indigenous research1 with interpretative insight from an Indigenous adviser or ‘on-looker’. The methodological difficulties revealed by the parallel journey are emphasised to highlight both the complexities and reflexive possi- bilities of cross-cultural research but also to consider potential institutional and …

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Tell Us How The Library Can Serve You? Libqual+ @ Queen’S And Western, Sam Kalb, Margaret Martin Gardiner Feb 2006

Tell Us How The Library Can Serve You? Libqual+ @ Queen’S And Western, Sam Kalb, Margaret Martin Gardiner

Western Libraries Presentations

Libraries are regularly called upon to compete with other areas in their organization for public and private resources. We have to go beyond circulation numbers, material for costs, number of titles and other quantitative measures. This paper explores service quality performance measures using the LibQUAL survey instrument and how it was applied at Queen's University and University of Western Ontario. The issues covered include organizing and marketing the survey project.

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Combining Forces On Campus: The Four C'S Of Faculty Liaison, Melanie Mills, Elizabeth Marshall Feb 2006

Combining Forces On Campus: The Four C'S Of Faculty Liaison, Melanie Mills, Elizabeth Marshall

Western Libraries Presentations

Now, more than ever, academic librarians across Ontario are expected to connect, collaborate, create and cooperate with faculty on their campuses. Learn how librarians at The University of Western Ontario (The D.B. Weldon Library) are building campus connections with faculty in the Arts & Humanities and Social Sciences by putting into practice The Four C’s.

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Mla In Memphis, Tennessee, Lisa Rae Philpott Feb 2006

Mla In Memphis, Tennessee, Lisa Rae Philpott

Western Libraries Publications

No abstract provided.

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