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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Effects Of Long-Distance Walking On Socket-Limb Interface Pressure, Tactile Sensitivity And Subjective Perceptions Of Trans-Tibial Amputees, L F. Yeung, Aaron Leung, Ming Zhang, Winson Lee
Effects Of Long-Distance Walking On Socket-Limb Interface Pressure, Tactile Sensitivity And Subjective Perceptions Of Trans-Tibial Amputees, L F. Yeung, Aaron Leung, Ming Zhang, Winson Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
PURPOSE: Many trans-tibial amputees could not tolerate long-distance walking. Lack of walking could explain for the increased cardiovascular diseases mortality rate. This study investigated the effects of long-distance walking (LDW) on socket-limb interface pressure, tactile sensitivity of the residual limb, and subjective feedbacks, which potentially identified the difficulties in LDW. METHOD: Five male unilateral trans-tibial amputees walked on a level treadmill for a total of one hour at comfortable speed. Tactile sensitivity of the residual limb and socket-limb interface pressure during over-ground walking were measured before and after the treadmill walking. Modified Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaires were also administered. RESULTS: After …
Effects Of Geosynthetic Reinforcement On Performance Of Ballasted Rail Track, Pongpipat Anantanasakul, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay S. Nimbalkar, Tim Neville
Effects Of Geosynthetic Reinforcement On Performance Of Ballasted Rail Track, Pongpipat Anantanasakul, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay S. Nimbalkar, Tim Neville
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The 'field' performance of different geosynthetics to reinforce ballasted rail tracks was investigated. An extensive monitoring program was undertaken on fully instrumented track sections constructed near Singleton, New South Wales. Four types of geosynthetics were installed at the ballast-subballast interface of track sections located on subgrades with three distinctly different values of stiffness. It was found that geogrids could decrease vertical settlements of the ballast layer with obvious benefits of improved track stability and decreased maintenance cost. It was also found that the effectiveness of reinforcing geogrids increased when the subgrade stiffness decreased. Keywords: Geosynthetic, Reinforcement, Rail track, Ballast.
A Model Of The Effects Of Authority On Consensus Formation In Adaptive Networks: Impact On Network Topology And Robustness, Brenton J. Prettejohn, Matthew J. Berryman, Mark D. Mcdonnell
A Model Of The Effects Of Authority On Consensus Formation In Adaptive Networks: Impact On Network Topology And Robustness, Brenton J. Prettejohn, Matthew J. Berryman, Mark D. Mcdonnell
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Opinions of individuals in real social networks are arguably strongly influenced by external determinants, such as the opinions of those perceived to have the highest levels of authority. In order to model this, we have extended an existing model of consensus formation in an adaptive network by the introduction of a parameter representing each agent's level of 'authority' based on their opinion relative to the overall opinion distribution. We found that introducing this model, along with a randomly varying opinion convergence factor, significantly impacts the final state of converged opinions and the number of interactions required to reach that state. …
High-Throughput Particle Manipulation By Hydrodynamic, Electrokinetic, And Dielectrophoretic Effects In An Integrated Microfluidic Chip, Shunbo Li, Ming Li, Kristelle Bougot-Robin, Wenbin Cao, Irene Yeung Chau, Weihua Li, Weijia Wen
High-Throughput Particle Manipulation By Hydrodynamic, Electrokinetic, And Dielectrophoretic Effects In An Integrated Microfluidic Chip, Shunbo Li, Ming Li, Kristelle Bougot-Robin, Wenbin Cao, Irene Yeung Chau, Weihua Li, Weijia Wen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Integrating different steps on a chip for cell manipulations and sample preparation is of foremost importance to fully take advantage of microfluidic possibilities, and therefore make tests faster, cheaper and more accurate. We demonstrated particle manipulation in an integrated microfluidic device by applying hydrodynamic, electroosmotic (EO), electrophoretic (EP), and dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces. The process involves generation of fluid flow by pressure difference, particle trapping by DEP force, and particle redirect by EO and EP forces. Both DC and AC signals were applied, taking advantages of DC EP, EO and AC DEP for on-chip particle manipulation. Since different types of particles …
Numerical Solution Of Stone Column Improved Soft Soil Considering Arching, Clogging And Smear Effects, Buddhima Indraratna, Sudip Basack, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Numerical Solution Of Stone Column Improved Soft Soil Considering Arching, Clogging And Smear Effects, Buddhima Indraratna, Sudip Basack, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Improvement of soft clay deposits by the installation of stone columns is one of the most popular techniques followed worldwide. The stone columns not only act as reinforcingmaterial increasing the overall strength and stiffness of the compressible soft soil, but they also promote consolidation through effective drainage. The analytical and numerical solutions available for ascertaining the response of column-reinforced soil have been developed on the basis of the equal strain hypothesis. For typical surcharge (embankment) loading, the free strain analysis appears to give more realistic results comparable to field data. The paper presents a novel numericalmodel (finite-differencemethod) to analyze the …
Shear Lag And Eccentricity Effects Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Lip H. Teh, Veysel Yazici
Shear Lag And Eccentricity Effects Of Bolted Connections In Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Lip H. Teh, Veysel Yazici
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper examines the "three factors" approach previously presented by the senior author for determining the net section efficiency of a bolted cold-formed steel open profile. One objective is to ascertain that the net section efficiency is governed by three factors: the in-plane shear lag associated with stress concentration around a bolt hole that is also present in a flat sheet, the out-of-plane shear lag that is also present in a bi-symmetric I-section bolted at the flanges only, and the bending moment arising from the connection eccentricity with respect to the neutral axis. This paper presents the test results of …
Effects Of Caustic Cleaning On Pore Size Of Nanofiltration Membranes And Their Rejection Of Trace Organic Chemicals, Alexander Simon, James A. Mcdonald, Stuart J. Khan, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Effects Of Caustic Cleaning On Pore Size Of Nanofiltration Membranes And Their Rejection Of Trace Organic Chemicals, Alexander Simon, James A. Mcdonald, Stuart J. Khan, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of caustic cleaning on the rejection of three different trace organic chemical (TrOC) groups (i.e. neutral hydrophilic, neutral hydrophobic and negatively charged) by two nanofiltration (NF) membranes ‒ namely NF270 and NF90. Chemical cleaning was simulated by exposing virgin membrane samples to commercial caustic cleaning formulations as well as sodium hydroxide solutions containing analytical grade additives such as sodium dodecyl sulfate or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The membrane average pore size before and after exposure to a commercially available caustic cleaning formulation was determined based on the pore transport model. The results …
Modelling Of Size Effects In Microforming Process With Consideration Of Grained Heterogeneity, H N. Lu, D B. Wei, Z Y. Jiang, X H. Liu, K Manabe
Modelling Of Size Effects In Microforming Process With Consideration Of Grained Heterogeneity, H N. Lu, D B. Wei, Z Y. Jiang, X H. Liu, K Manabe
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Size effect is a special phenomenon in metal micro-forming process. As the deformation process is scale down to micro/mesoscale, the characteristics of single grain involved in the deformed region play a significant role on the material mechanical behaviours resulting in the invalidation of classical theories in microforming. This paper presents a newly developed material model in microscale on the basis of the grained heterogeneity (e.g. grain size, shape and deformability) and specimen dimension. Voronoi tessellation has been employed to describe the polycrystalline aggregate. The grain shape is controlled by the centroidal-voronoi algorithm to drive grains into steady state. Hardness of …
Radial Consolidation Model Incorporating The Effects Of Vacuum Preloading And Non-Darcian Flow, Kourosh Kianfar, Buddhima Indraratna, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Radial Consolidation Model Incorporating The Effects Of Vacuum Preloading And Non-Darcian Flow, Kourosh Kianfar, Buddhima Indraratna, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
A modified 150 mm Rowe cell equipped with pore water pressure measurement was used to capture the flow relationship during vacuum-assisted radial consolidation. Based on the measured data, a radial consolidation model incorporating the effects of vacuum preloading is proposed, based on a non-linear relationship between the flow velocity and hydraulic gradient. The predictions of the proposed consolidation model are then compared with the predictions based on Hansbo’s Darcian and non- Darcian models. The agreement between the proposed model and the measured data is shown, and the advantages of the proposed model compared with the existing models are discussed. An …
Effects Of Tungsten On Continuous Cooling Transformation Characteristics Of Microalloyed Steels, Jingwei Zhao, Zhengyi Jiang, Ji Soo Kim, Chong Soo Lee
Effects Of Tungsten On Continuous Cooling Transformation Characteristics Of Microalloyed Steels, Jingwei Zhao, Zhengyi Jiang, Ji Soo Kim, Chong Soo Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) characteristics of microalloyed steels with different tungsten (W) contents (0, 0.1 and 1. wt.%) were investigated to obtain the necessary information for heat treatment of these steels. The effects of W addition on the sizes of prior austenite grains and precipitates were analysed. CCT diagrams were obtained by varying the cooling rates from 0.1 to 120. °C/s. Transformation characteristics were determined by using dilatometer test, microscopic observation and hardness measurement. The results showed that W had a positive effect on the refinement of prior austenite grains and precipitates. The CCT diagrams exhibited that the ranges of …
Effects Of Tungsten Addition And Heat Treatment Conditions On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Microalloyed Forging Steels, Jingwei Zhao, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Effects Of Tungsten Addition And Heat Treatment Conditions On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Microalloyed Forging Steels, Jingwei Zhao, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In the present work, the effects of tungsten (W) addition and heat treatment conditions on the microstructure, impact toughness and tensile properties of microalloyed forging steels were studied. Four kinds of microalloyed forging steels were produced by varying W additions (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt%). Heat treatment was carried out at temperatures ranging from 840 to 950 °C followed by air and furnace cooling. Mechanical tests were used to evaluate the room temperature Charpy impact and tensile properties. The resulting microstructures were analysed via optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show …
Predicting Additive And Non-Additive Genetic Effects From Trials Where Traits Are Affected By Interplot Competition, Colleen H. Hunt, Alison B. Smith, David R. Jordan, Brian R. Cullis
Predicting Additive And Non-Additive Genetic Effects From Trials Where Traits Are Affected By Interplot Competition, Colleen H. Hunt, Alison B. Smith, David R. Jordan, Brian R. Cullis
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
There are two key types of selection in a plant breeding program, namely selection of hybrids for potential commercial use and the selection of parents for use in future breeding. Oakey et al. (in Theoretical and Applied Genetics 113, 809-819, 2006) showed how both of these aims could be achieved using pedigree information in a mixed model analysis in order to partition genetic effects into additive and non-additive effects. Their approach was developed for field trial data subject to spatial variation. In this paper we extend the approach for data from trials subject to interplot competition. We show how the …
Effects Of Fouling On The Stress-Strain-Degradation Behaviour Of Rail Ballast, Buddhima Indraratna, Nayoma C. Tennakoon, Sanjay Nimbalkar, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Effects Of Fouling On The Stress-Strain-Degradation Behaviour Of Rail Ballast, Buddhima Indraratna, Nayoma C. Tennakoon, Sanjay Nimbalkar, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Ballast is most commonly used as a structural component of rail track due to its high load bearing capacity, resiliency and rapid drainage. However, ballast along coal freight corridors often becomes fouled due to spilling of coal from moving wagons, in addition to further track deterioration attributed to particle breakage and pumping of soft subgrade. Highly fouled ballast needs to be cleaned or replaced to maintain the desired track resiliency, load bearing capacity and the track alignment. In order to identify the risk associated with fouling, it is important to accurately assess the amount of fouling. In this paper, the …
On The Effects Of Spreading Sequences Over Mimo Systems, Tianle Liu, David A. Stirling, Le Chung Tran, Tadeusz A. Wysocki, Beata J. Wysocki, Prashan Dissanayake Mudiyanselage,, Peter James Vial
On The Effects Of Spreading Sequences Over Mimo Systems, Tianle Liu, David A. Stirling, Le Chung Tran, Tadeusz A. Wysocki, Beata J. Wysocki, Prashan Dissanayake Mudiyanselage,, Peter James Vial
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In this paper, we develop a Software Defined Radio (SDR) test bed to evaluate the Multiple Access Interference (MAI) effects over SISO and 2 x 1MIMO systems. It can be observed that under asynchronous transmissions, the Gold code leads to the best performance over both systems due to the fact that it has the best correlation properties. We also find the MAI effects in terms of the spreading sequences pairs on MIMO-STS systems. We propose a criterion for selecting promising spreading sequences for MIMO systems. Based on the measured results, we identify pairs of spreading sequences which have improved BER …
Effects Of Tungsten Addition On The Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Microalloyed Forging Steels, Jingwei Zhao, Taekyung Lee, Jeong Hun Lee, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Effects Of Tungsten Addition On The Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Microalloyed Forging Steels, Jingwei Zhao, Taekyung Lee, Jeong Hun Lee, Zhengyi Jiang, Chong Soo Lee
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In the current study, the effects of tungsten (W) addition on the microstructure, hardness, and room/low [223 K and 173 K (-50 C and -100 C)] temperature tensile properties of microalloyed forging steels were systematically investigated. Four kinds of steel specimens were produced by varying the W additions (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 wt pct). The microstructure showed that the addition of W does not have any noticeable effect on the amount of precipitates. The precipitates in W-containing steels were all rich in W, and the W concentration in the precipitates increased with the increasing W content. The mean sizes …
Effects Of Feed And Draw Solution Temperature And Transmembrane Temperature Difference On The Rejection Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Forward Osmosis, Ming Xie, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem, Menachem Elimelech
Effects Of Feed And Draw Solution Temperature And Transmembrane Temperature Difference On The Rejection Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Forward Osmosis, Ming Xie, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem, Menachem Elimelech
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The effects of feed and draw solution temperature and transmembrane temperature difference on the rejection of 12 trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) by two forward osmosis (FO) membranes were investigated. The membrane structure parameter (S) and the reverse salt (NaCl) flux selectivity (RSFS) were constant over the temperature range of 20-40 1C, suggesting that within this range, the solution temperature did not significantly influence the membrane polymeric structure. Draw solution properties, including diffusivity, viscosity, and osmotic pressure, played an important role in water and reverse salt (NaCl) flux behaviour and TrOC rejection. Pure water and salt (NaCl) permeability coefficients of the …
Group Effects Of Piles Due To Lateral Soil Movement, Hongyu Qin, Wei Dong Guo
Group Effects Of Piles Due To Lateral Soil Movement, Hongyu Qin, Wei Dong Guo
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Laboratory model tests have been conducted to investigate the responses of piles subjected to lateral soil movement. The results of a single pile test and four tests on two piles arranged in a row perpendicular to the direction of soil movement are presented. The development of maximum bending moment, maximum shear force, and pile deflection with soil movement and the largest pile response profiles for the single pile and pile groups are compared. Group effect was evaluated using group factor which is defined in terms of the measured maximum bending moment. The major findings are (1) the pile head conditions …